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Penerapan Energi Terbarukan untuk Proses Thermal Bagian I. Pengeringan Hasil Pertanian Kamaruddin Abdullah; Armansyah H Tambunan; Harsono Soepardjo
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Study on thermal processes using renewable energy sources for drying and cooling purposes hasc been selected due to their importance in extending shelf life of agro and marine products which arc susceptible to high temperature and humidly under the tropical climatic conditions. The unavailability of these facilities had resulted in significant amount post harvest which sometime may reached up to 30% of harvest. This research was aimed to determine the proper design and construction of renewable energy conversion, namclyt, solar, wind and biomass to generate thermal energy for drying and cooling of agricultural and marine produccts. Both processes could also be used as the main component of a Small Processing Unit (SPU), an early form of SME and cooperative at village level. This paper will discuss Part I of the study which will be focused on the application of renewable energy sources for the drying of agricultural products. The following conclusions had been achieved. a). Study on simultaneous momentum, energy and mass transfer in thin layer drying process of rough rice have provided information on air temperature, velocity and RH distribution above the grain. b). A novel ventury type CIIE solar dryer with solar PV power supply and PCM energy storage, has been successfully designed and constructed. Test results have shown that the dryer could he used to dry 75-95kg of fish within 36 to 40 hrs. wirh apparent PCM energy storage of 6.9M.J (6 hrs. drying time). c). Mathematical modelling and simulation of a biomass stove heated recirculation dryer indicated that drying of rough rice could be completed within 3-6hrs (1.8-3.7T.hrs-1 recirculation rate with one hour tempering time) if 2 HP blower is used. Keywords : energy storage, momentum and mass transfer, recirculation dryer, renewable energy conversion, simultaneous energy

Re-circulating rice dryers suitable for large amount of loading capacity. It generally comprises of two parts, the tempering section and a drying section, and the grains are dried in an intermittent way until the final moisture content of the grains can be achieved. Wet grains are initially dried for about 11 minutes within the drying section of the dryer. The grains then are conveyed to the tempering section where it will be stored for about 40 to 50 minutes. At every passes, about less tha Totok Prasetyo; Kamaruddin Abdullah; Armansyah H. Tambunan; Leopold Nelwan; I Made K.D
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 32 No. 1 (2009): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Re-circulating rice dryers suitable for large amount of loading capacity. It generally comprises of two parts, the tempering section and a drying section, and the grains are dried in an intermittent way until the final moisture content of the grains can be achieved. Wet grains are initially dried for about 11 minutes within the drying section of the dryer. The grains then are conveyed to the tempering section where it will be stored for about 40 to 50 minutes. At every passes, about less than 2%(wb) of the moisture content can be removed from the grains. The number of passes required to accomplish a drying process in a recirculation dryer depends on the initial moisture content and the amount of rough rice to be dried. The drying and tempering duration can be adjusted by means of a mechanical valve. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of re-circulating dryers equipped with pneumatic conveyor instead of bucket elevator to reduce electricity cost and heated using a proper blend between kerosene and jatropha oil. Several experimental runs had been conducted under a constant drying temperature of 60oC and was controlled by adjusting the rate of fuel consumption. The experimental results showed that the drying efficiency was in the range of 22.2% to 31.1%, the specific energy consumption was between 3.475-4.785 MJ/kg H2O evaporated, fuel consumption at 0.95 to 1.15 (liters/hr) and the drying rate was 0.9%/hr. The entire drying operation using 465 kg of rough rice required 10 hours of drying time with 74.3% of head yield. Mathematical model used in this study also had indicated close agreement with experimental data. Key words: re-circulating dryer, pneumatic conveyor, drying performance, tempering period, bio-kerosene blend

Fish is a perishable product, and thereby needs a special treatment to prolong its shelf life. Traditionally, drying is a common treatment for the purpose, especially by using sun drying. This paper is devoted to the study of histiophoridae fish drying using a truneated trapezoidally shaped green house effect solar dryer in order to maximize the use of solar energy. The drying system used different size of racks and tray following the dimension of the structure so as to minimize empty space. Binsar Nababan; Kamaruddin Abdullah; Armansyah H. Tambunan; A Harsono Soepardjo
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 30 No. 1 (2007): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Fish is a perishable product, and thereby needs a special treatment to prolong its shelf life. Traditionally, drying is a common treatment for the purpose, especially by using sun drying. This paper is devoted to the study of histiophoridae fish drying using a truneated trapezoidally shaped green house effect solar dryer in order to maximize the use of solar energy. The drying system used different size of racks and tray following the dimension of the structure so as to minimize empty space. The dryer was equipped with 25 watt DC blowers to remove the moist air. From two experimental runs, the results show that the system can properly dry the histiophoridae fish to its desired moisture content, which ranged from 30.08% (wb) to 32.80% (wb). Utilization of the truneated trapezoidally shaped green house effect solar dryer was found to be effective in enhancing the absorbtion of solar irradiation not only by the heat absorber but also by the producs on speated the vertically arranged racks. Solar PV modules were used to power inlet exhaust fans as well as for temperature control. A PCM energy storage was also provided to provide heating during night time. Keywords: fish drying, trapezoidal shape green house, solar drying, PCM heat storage, PV modul temperature control

Baru-baru ini Gustav Grob (1996) mengingatkan lagi prediksi Club of Rome di awal tahun 1970-an bahwa bahan bakar fossil, yang sifatnya meneemarkan lingkungan, dan tak terbarukan kian berkurang keberadaannya dan dalam waktu dekat harus diganti dengan sumber energi terbarukan yang lebih bersahabat dengan lingkungan seperti sumber-sumber energi surya, biomassa, angin, hidro, dll. Ketergantungan kita atas bahan bakar fosil mungkin akan berlanjut sampai beberapa dekade lagi tetapi dalam jumlah yang j Kamaruddin Abdullah
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 12 No. 1 (1998): Buletin Ketenikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.012.1.%p

Baru-baru ini Gustav Grob (1996) mengingatkan lagi prediksi Club of Rome di awal tahun 1970-an bahwa bahan bakar fossil, yang sifatnya meneemarkan lingkungan, dan tak terbarukan kian berkurang keberadaannya dan dalam waktu dekat harus diganti dengan sumber energi terbarukan yang lebih bersahabat dengan lingkungan seperti sumber-sumber energi surya, biomassa, angin, hidro, dll. Ketergantungan kita atas bahan bakar fosil mungkin akan berlanjut sampai beberapa dekade lagi tetapi dalam jumlah yang jauh lebih kecil dari apa yang di konsumsikan sebelum tahun 2000 seperti terlihat pada Gambar 1 (Grob, 1996)

The ratio of specifc heat capacity, at constant presszrre to that at constant volume (cdc,J, of a gas can be determined by either the adiabatic expansion method or the sound velocity method. The objective of this experiment is apply the adiabatic expansion method for determining the spec$c heat capacity ratio of gas N2 and O2 The result showed that the ratio were 1.14 and 1.19 respectively for gas N2 and 02.T he value obtained by the experiment was d~flerenta bout 15 to 19% from the result deter Wiludjeng Trisasiwi; Dyah Wulandani; Kamaruddin Abdullah; Armansyah H Tambunan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 12 No. 2 (1998): Buletin Ketenikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.012.2.%p

The ratio of specifc heat capacity, at constant presszrre to that at constant volume (cdc,J, of a gas can be determined by either the adiabatic expansion method or the sound velocity method. The objective of this experiment is apply the adiabatic expansion method for determining the spec$c heat capacity ratio of gas N2 and O2 The result showed that the ratio were 1.14 and 1.19 respectively for gas N2 and 02.T he value obtained by the experiment was d~flerenta bout 15 to 19% from the result determined by theoretical method using 5 degree of Jkeedom. Theoretically cdc,, of both gas N2 and 0 2 which have 5 degree offreedom are 1.4. The dzflerence was considered to be caused by thee xperimental condition, which were not suflciently adiabatic, as required by the method. However, the simplicity of the method and clarity of its theoretical approach is advantageous to be used by students of Advance Thermodynamic class as a practical exercise.

The more important limitation in process design for agricultural products is the lack of information on their thermal properties. Although a lot of experimental data can be found, the variety of product and the differences ij measurement method make limitation on the value of the available data, especially for indonesia'a products. These data are needed to get information about temperature change when product was processed like hetaing or cooling. It is worth to optimize efficiency of energ Lamhot P Manalu; Kamaruddin Abdullah
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 12 No. 2 (1998): Buletin Ketenikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.012.2.%p

The more important limitation in process design for agricultural products is the lack of information on their thermal properties. Although a lot of experimental data can be found, the variety of product and the differences ij measurement method make limitation on the value of the available data, especially for indonesia'a products. These data are needed to get information about temperature change when product was processed like hetaing or cooling. It is worth to optimize efficiency of energy. The objective of his study is to predict thermal diffusivity and conductivity of carrot. The value was determined numerically with direct and indirect methods. The result shows that thermal conductivity is 0.626 W/moC while thermal diffusivity are 2.51 x 10- m2/s (indirect method) and 2.08 x 10- 7 m2/s (direct method)

Pendekatan Analitik untuk Menduga Koefisien Pindah Panas Konveksi Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya; Kamaruddin Abdullah; Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 22 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Convective heat transfer coefficient has an important role in thermal processes. It is commonly determined and formulated using empirical models, while some workers have also proposed formulas based on analytical methods. This paper describes the formulation of convective heat transfer coefficient using an analytical approach which could be expressed as h = 5.277 V0.5Keywords: convective heat transfer coefficient, analytical approach Diterima: 11 Juni 2007; Disetujui: 24 September 2007

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