Kresno Buntoro
Indonesian Working Group on Designation of the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes Passage.

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RETHINKING NUSANTARA INDONESIA: LEGAL APPROACH Buntoro, Kresno
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

As one of the proponents of the archipelagic State concept, Indonesia considers the archipelagic State regime as Nusantara. Indonesia believes that the waters surrounding the islands considered an integral part of the island and part of its State territory. However, Indonesia seem to realize that Nusantara has to adopt the international community interest such as providing sea lanes of communication and addressing the challenges ensuing from conducting activities within its waters and surrounding. These balances of interest stipulated in the provision of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (LOSC). Indonesia seems very satisfied when the archipelagic state concept has been adopted in the LOSC, but there are many issues exist when discussing the implementation of the Nusantara.
Perspectives on Enhancing Safety and Security in Indonesian Waters Buntoro, Kresno
Indonesian Journal of International Law
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Abstract

The Indonesian waters are for world seaborne trade, naval movement, and other maritime interests. So it has a strategic value for maintaining economic security, peace, and stability in the region. Indonesia has the responsibility to address the challenges presented by activities conducted in its waters, such as marine pollution, depletion of marine resources and criminal activities at sea. These challenges also arise out of the fact that there are only a few provisions in the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention which regulate the obligations of ships or user states to share the burden faced by states which possess sea lanes of communication. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of maritime security challenges within Indonesia in light of its obligations to ensure safety of navigation and security. A number of recommendations are brought up to show efforts have been made by Indonesia in maintaining the safety and security in its waters.
Legal and Technical Issues on Designating Archipelagic Sea Lanes Passage: Indonesia Experience Buntoro, Kresno
Indonesian Journal of International Law
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Abstract

The archipelagic sea lanes passage is a new regime of navigation. There is no much provision in the LOSC2, international law, or guidance from the international organization in how to designate an archipelagic sea lanes passage. Indonesia experienced that there are many issues left in designating the passage such as what constitute normal routes, how to apply the ten per cent rule, how to depict the axis lines, how to treat the non designated routes, what constitute ‘normal mode’. The issues also reflected in the provisions of the Indonesian Government Regulation. Although the precise form of this new navigation system has not been fully worked out, the designation of the Indonesian archipelagic sea lanes passage brings Indonesia one step closer to implementing its right over and accepting its responsibilities for its archipelagic waters. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the legal and technical issues in designation of archipelagic sea lanes passage based on the Indonesia experience.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PROMPT RELEASE PROCEDURE DALAM MENANGANI TINDAK PIDANA PERIKANAN DI ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF INDONESIA Haridus, Haridus; Sudardi, Sudardi; Buntoro, Kresno
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan Vol. 50, No. 2
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Article 292 UNCLOS is a novel provision, both in the law of the sea and in general international law, as no such provision existed before the Convention was adopted. The purpose of procedure is to reconcile the interests of the detaining State in its measures against the flag State. Generally, the flag State wishes its vessel and its crew released promptly while the interest of the detaining State to secure the court appearance of the Master and the payment of penalties. Under Indonesian law, the procedure regarding prompt release is regulated in the provisions of Article 104 of Law Number 45 of 2009. The earlier study stated Article 292 UNCLOS empowers ITLOS to order the release of vessels, which have been detained by a coastal State for violations committed by the vessels in the its EEZ which have not been set free upon the posting of a reasonable bond. This article highlights how international and national law that regulate and implement these procedures.