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All Journal Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Amera Kamal Mohammed
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Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Study of Biological Indicators and Biochemical Changes Related to Gallstones Formation in Patients in Kirkuk City Chrow Ahmed Khurshid; Amera Kamal Mohammed
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15643

Abstract

The study included (29) patients with gallstones who were visiting the New Kirkuk Hospital and whose condition was confirmed by conducting pathological examinations and ultrasound examination (sonar) in comparison to (29) healthy subjects.This study aimed on estimating of some chemical variables in blood serum, including measurement of total Bilirubin, direct and indirect Bilirubin. In addition, measuring the activities of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT), blood sugar, in relation to the percentage of patients consuming soft drinks, and the state of intestines and stool samples in both male and female for different age groups.A comparison was made between patients with gallstones and was confirmed to have jaundice and patients with gallstones who did not develop jaundice. A significant increase in blood sugar, the levels of total Bilirubin, direct and indirect Bilirubin, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) was observed regardless to the patient’s gender, rate of soft drink consumption, and the bowel condition didn’t have effect in forming gallstone in comparison to healthy subjects.Comparison between patients with gallstones and healthy people has revealed the presence of significant differences in the bowel condition between two groups. Very high levels of total Bilirubin, direct and indirect Bilirubin, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) in patients with lethargy of the intestine and indigestion. However, there were no significant differences in the percentage of blood sugar or the amount of soft drinks consumed between two groups. Gender has no effect on the results obtained.
Genotyping of Cryptosporidium Parvum by PCR-Sequencing Analysis for The 70 Heat Shock Protein (HSP70) Gene and Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) Gene Sarmad Jassem Mohammed; Noora Amir Al-Watifi; Zahraa Isam Jameel; Amera Kamal Mohammed; Yusor Fadhil Alasadi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16246

Abstract

Cryptosporidium is an apicomplexan parasite that is increasingly recognized among immunocompetent hostsas a leading cause of childhood diarrhea in lower source settings and of waterborne diarrheal outbreaks inhigh income countries. C. parvum, which infects bovines, wild animals and humans, account for the majorityof human infections. Cryptosporidium oocysts are transmitted via the fecal oral route, including by person toperson spread, from contaminated food or water, or from contact with infected animals. 300 Stool sampleswere collected from patients in Hilla city from different hospitals. DNA extracted from stool samples, PCRamplification of DNA. Genotyping of HSP70 gene and DHFR Gene was performed using a polymerasechain reaction technique, followed by DNA sequencing. Accordingly, these DNA polymorphisms wereconfirmed using DNA sequencing. The sequencing results showed the presence of many SNPs determinedin the HSP70 gene and DHFR gene.
Estimation of Some Immunological and Physiological Parameters for Obese Human Amera Kamal Mohammed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 9 Issue 10
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Adipose tissue expansion during obesity is associated with inducing Proinflammatory and inflammatory cytokine responses, decreasing insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to determine some humeral immune levels including, serum IL-1βand C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as blood glucose and lipid profile as physiological criteria. Blood samples were collected after  an overnight fast from a group of obese (n = 48)and none- obese (41) as a control group depending on BMI withwaist circumference with age ranged between (20-40 year).The results  revealed that significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in mean of BMI(Kg/M2) ,WC (cm), CRP (ng/mL), FBG (mmol/L), total cholesterol(mmol/L)and , low density lipoprotein (mmol/L), while there is no significant difference  in the levels of IL-1β (pg/mL), triglyceride(mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) and very low density lipoprotein (mmol/L) among obese individuals  compared with control group , and depending  on the sex of the study groups the results showed that significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in means of BMI(Kg/M2) , WC (cm), IL-1β (pg/mL), FBG (mmol/L) ,while there is no significant difference  in means of CRP (ng/mL), TC(mmol/L) , LDL(mmol/L), TG(mmol/L), HDL(mmol/L) and VLDL(mmol/L). The data demonstrated that the three classes of obesity had higher significant differences (P≤ 0.05) in means of BMI (Kg/M2), WC (cm), and CRP (ng/mL), FBG (mmol/L), TC (mmol/L) and, LDL (mmol/L).Keywords: Obesity, Type 2 diabetes, Insulin resistance, Immunity, Inflammation.
Co-Authors Chrow Ahmed Khurshid Noora Amir Al-Watifi Sarmad Jassem Mohammed Yusor Fadhil Alasadi Zahraa Isam Jameel