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All Journal Journal of Civil Engineering Journal of Advanced Civil and Environmental Engineering Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum
How Teck Sia
University of Technology Sarawak
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

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Experimental Study of RC Hollow Beams with Embedded PVC Pipes Jen Hua Ling; Joseph Toh Sheng Ngu; Yong Tat Lim; Wen Kam Leong; How Teck Sia
JACEE (Journal of Advanced Civil and Environmental Engineering) Vol 5, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jacee.5.1.11-23

Abstract

This study investigated the behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) hollow beams under incremental static loads. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes were used to create longitudinal voids in hollow beams. The parameters studied included the size (25 mm, 50 mm and 75 mm diameter) and location (39 mm and 139 mm from beam soffit) of the PVC pipes in the beam. Nine specimens were tested under the four-point load test setup. The loads were progressively increased until the specimens failed. The specimens were analysed based on the failure modes, load-displacement responses and mechanical properties. The hollow beams gave a 2% to 36% lower strength than the solid beams. In terms of the strength per unit concrete, the hollow beams were less efficient than the solid beams. The efficiency ratio of hollow beams ranged from 0.67 to 1.0. For that, none of the proposed hollow beams was recommended.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch on Bricks and Mortar Jen Hua Ling; Yong Tat Lim; Wen Kam Leong; How Teck Sia
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 8 No. 2 (May 2022)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.236 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.3762

Abstract

Palm oil has a great commercial value in the global vegetable oil market, due to having several beneficial uniqueness such as significant profits and high yields for farmers, as well as effective and efficient land use. As the second-largest producer of palm oil in the world, Malaysia produces an enormous amount of empty fruit bunch (EFB) as biomass waste, whose proper and improper disposal incurs costs and environmental problems, respectively. This EFB fibre is also used to produce bricks and mortar for building construction, due to being a sustainable solution to environmental problems. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the existing literature related to the application of EFB in the civil engineering field. This focused on the properties of the fibre and its effects on bricks and mortar, to gauge the challenges and prospects of EFB products in the local industry. EFB fibre is a porous voluminous cellulose structure, whose properties vary among each other due to diverse origins, species, and biological growth conditions. This is useful in reducing the weight and thermal conductivity of bricks, as well as slightly increasing their tensile and flexural strengths. However, some disadvantages were observed for the EFB bricks, with the workability and compressive strength being lower. The water absorption of this product was also higher than normal bricks. This confirmed that EFB fibre should be minimally used in bricks and mortar. As a natural fibre, concerns are often observed on inconsistent quality, poor fire resistance, and decay risk, which need to be solved before the use of bricks in the construction industry. This study recommends several patterns of improving the strength, quality, and consistency of EFB bricks, such as the alkaline treatment, which roughens the surface area of the product to enhance the fibre- atrix adhesion.
CONCRETE-FILLED TUBULAR COLUMN MADE OF VARIOUS TYPES OF MATERIAL Jen Hua Ling; Yong Tat Lim; Wen Kam Leong; How Teck Sia
Journal of Civil Engineering Vol 38, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j20861206.v38i1.15455

Abstract

Concrete-filled tubes (CFT) are gaining popularity due to their excellent performance under compression. Various materials have been used to produce CFTs. Their behaviour varied significantly due to the properties of the materials. In this study, numerous articles related to CFT were reviewed. The effects of carbon steel, stainless steel, fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP), plastic materials, and various kinds of concrete on CFT were observed. The fundamental principles governing the behaviour of CFT were then determined. The confinement effect of the tube was the key to the outstanding performance of CFT. CFT performed well when the tube had high compressive strength, elastic modulus, tensile strength, ultimate strain, and corrosion resistance. The concrete with high compressive strength and ultimate strain, as well as low elastic modulus and shrinkage, experienced greater strength enhancement under confinement. Nevertheless, confinement effectiveness was greatly affected by the slenderness ratio. Short CFT subjected primarily to axial loads was preferred.
Co-Authors Jen Hua Ling Joseph Toh Sheng Ngu Wen Kam Leong Yong Tat Lim