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All Journal Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Mohammed Mehdi Saleh
University of Anbar
Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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5G cognitive radio system design with new algorithm asynchronous spectrum sensing Mohammed Mehdi Saleh; Ahmed A. Abbas; Ahmed Hammoodi
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 4: August 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i4.2839

Abstract

Due to the rapid increase in wireless applications and the number of users, spectrum scarcity, energy consumption and latency issues will emerge, notably in the fifth generation (5G) system. Cognitive radio (CR) has emerged as the primary technology to address these challenges, allowing opportunist spectrum access as well as the ability to analyze, observe, and learn how to respond to environmental 5G conditions. The CR has the ability to sense the spectrum and detect empty bands in order to use underutilized frequency bands without causing unwanted interference with legacy networks. In this paper, we presented a spectrum sensing algorithm based on energy detection that allows secondary user SU to transmit asynchronously with primary user PU without causing harmful interference. This algorithm reduced the sensing time required to scan the whole frequency band by dividing it into n sub-bands that are all scanned at the same time. Also, this algorithm allows cognitive radio networks (CRN) nodes to select their operating band without requiring cooperation with licensed users. According to the BER, secondary users have better performance compared with primary users.
Energy‑harvesting and energy aware routing algorithm for heterogeneous energy WSNs Mohammed Mehdi Saleh; Ruslan Saad Abdulrahman; Aymen Jaber Salman
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 24, No 2: November 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i2.pp910-920

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks are regarded as the most essential components of contemporary technologies since they are in charge of sensing and monitoring processes, which are the primary functions of these technologies. Because these nodes rely on an unchangeable battery and are randomly deployed in the environment, node energy management is the most essential issue to consider when designing algorithms to enhance the network's life. Clustering is a wireless sensor network (WSN) routing technique that has been implemented in order to extend network lifetime. Also, it is trendy to increase the energy levels of the node battery by utilizing various energy harvesting techniques in order to extend the network lifetime. In this paper, a new energy-aware clustering algorithm (EHEARA) has been proposed. The proposed algorithm is based on a dynamic clustering function and adopts a solar energy harvesting scheme in order to improve network lifetime. Furthermore, the active-sleep mechanism was used to distribute node activity and balance communication among nodes within clusters and cluster heads with the base station. The proposed algorithm is simulated using matrix laboratory (MATLAB), and the results show that it outperforms the low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), distributed energy efficient clustering (DEEC), and stable election protocol (SEP) algorithms in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, and network throughput.
Co-Authors Ahmed A. Abbas Ahmed Hammoodi Aymen Jaber Salman Ruslan Saad Abdulrahman