Danar Dono
Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Toxicity of four kind plant extracts (Ageratum conyzoides L., Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz., Melia azedarach L., Tephrosia vogelii Hook F.) against brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens STAL.) Giannisa Febritami; N Usyati; Danar Dono
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (517.611 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/cs.v1i1.16970

Abstract

One of the main pests that attack rice plants is the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens. Awareness of the negative effects of synthetic insecticides that have been used to control BPH has encouraged the use of natural resources for crop protection. The plant is one of natural source that can be used in the crop protection. Some plant species that have been known to have insecticidal activities include Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae), Barringtonia asiatica (Lechytidaceae), Melia azedarach (Meliaceae) and Tephrosia vogelii (Fabaceae). In this study toxicity test of the plant extracts was carried out on BPH, and its phytotoxicity was observed in rice plants. In the toxicity test of the plant extracts against N. lugens and the phytotoxicity test on rice plants used 2 concentrations namely 0.1% and 0.5% from each plant extract, while the antioviposition test used a concentration of 0.5%. The results showed that the methanolic extract of T. vogelii with a concentration of 0.5% caused the highest mortality of brown plant hopper nymphs of 42.5% and at concentration of 0.5% the four plant extracts did not inhibit oviposition activity of N. lugens female and did not phytotoxic on rice plants.Keywords: Toxicity, anti oviposition, plant extract, brown planthopper
Reproduksi, Fekunditas dan Lama Hidup Tiap Fase Perkembangan Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera : Ypnomeutidae) pada Beberapa Jenis Tumbuhan Cruciferae Nenet Susniahti; Tarkus Suganda; Sudarjat Sudarjat; Danar Dono; Andhita Nadhirah
Agrikultura Vol 28, No 1 (2017): April, 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (467.102 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v28i1.12296

Abstract

ABSTRACTReproduction, fecundity and period of each growth phase of Plutella xylostella on some species of crucifersPlutella xylostella L. is one of major pests of cabbage (Brassica oleracea). P. xylostella, also known as diamondback moth, is an oligophagous with limited host only a crucifers. The pest often causes damage on the plant in the low to high altitude of the land. It is able to attack cabbage leaf from seedling to harvesting. An alternative controlling method that can be done is by using potential parasitoid, Diadegma semiclausum. Its application can be done using conservation technique through environment modification such as planting ornamental plants as parasitoid food source and alternative host for P. xylostella. The research aimed to find alternative host for P. xylostella. Experiment was conducted at greenhouse of Department Plant Pests and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. Experiment was carried out by observation method using Randomized Blocked Design consisted of five treatments and four replications. The result demonstrated that Rorippa indica and Cardamine hirsuta were alternative host for P. xylostella. The average number of eggs laid on R. indica and C. hirsuta were 226.75 and 216.25 eggs, respectively. Survival rate of P. xylostella infested on R. indica was 32.50% whereas the survival rate of P. xylostella infested on C. hirsute was 28.75%. It can be concluded that P. xylostella was able to spend its whole life cycle on both plants.Keywords: Crucifers, Fecundity, Growth phase, P. xylostella, ReproductionABSTRAKPlutella xylostella L. merupakan salah satu hama utama kubis (Brassica oleracea). P. xylostella, juga dikenal sebagai Diamondback moth, yang bersifat oligofag dengan inang terbatas hanya pada tanaman kubis-kubisan. Hama ini sering menyebabkan kerusakan tanaman pada dataran rendah dan tinggi. Hama ini dapat menyerang pertanaman kubis pada saat bibit sampai panen. Sebuah metode pengendalian alternatif yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan parasitoid, Diadegma semiclausum. Penerapannya dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik konservasi melalui modifikasi lingkungan seperti menanam tanaman hias sebagai sumber pakan untuk parasitoid dan inang alternatif untuk P. xylostella. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan inang alternative dari P. xylostella. Percobaan dilakukan di rumah kaca Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Percobaan ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi menggunakan RancanganAcak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rorippa indica dan Cardamine hirsuta merupakan inang alternatif bagi P. xylostella. Rata-rata jumlah telur yang diletakan pada R. indica dan C. hirsuta adalah 226, 75 dan 216,25 butir. Kelulusan hidup P.xylostella yang di-infestasikan pada R. indica adalah 32,50% dan pada C. hirsuta adalah 28,75%. serta pada kedua jenis tanaman tersebut, P.xylostella dapat menyelesaikan seluruh siklus hidupnya.Kata Kunci : Cruciferae, Fase perkembangan, Fekunditas, P. xylostella, Reproduksi
Populasi Serangga Penyerbuk Kelapa Sawit Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Nilai Fruit Set pada Tanah Berliat, Berpasir dan Gambut di Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia Fizrul Indra Lubis; Sudarjat Sudarjat; Danar Dono
Agrikultura Vol 28, No 1 (2017): April, 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (425.442 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v28i1.13056

Abstract

ABSTRACTPopulation of soil palm weevil pollinator Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST and its impact on fruit setvalue at clay, sandy and peat soil types in central Kalimantan, di IndonesiaOil palm weevil pollinator Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust plays an important role in the increasing oilpalm fruit set value. Along with the development of oil palm, fruit set problems occurred in recentdecades in some parts of Indonesia. An experiment was carried out on a seven years old oil palmplantation located at Selangkun Estate, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia to find outthe influence of population E. kamerunicus on pollination efficiency at clay, sandy and peat soil types.Relative to other soil types, a high weevil population on male (50,811 weevils/ha ; 72 weevils/spikelet)and female (219 weevils) inflorescences had been recorded at clay soil. Fruit set value on clay soil 58.9%and significantly different with sandy soil of 49.8% and peat soil of 46.4%. Population E. kamerunicusper ha influenced fruit set value at clay, sandy and peat soil types. Number of E. kamerunicus visitedfemale inflorescences did not influenced fruit set value at clay, sandy and peat soil types.Keywords: Clay soil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus, fruit set, peat soil, population, sandy soil ABSTRAKSerangga penyerbuk kelapa sawit Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST berperan penting dalam peningkatannilai fruit set kelapa sawit. Seiring dengan perkembangan kelapa sawit, adanya permasalahan nilai fruitset telah terjadi dalam beberapa kurun waktu di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan diperkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah berumur tujuh tahun, berlokasi di Selangkung, Kotawaringin Barat,Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh populasi E. Kamerunicusterhadap efisiensi penyerbukan pada tipe tanah liat, pasir dan gambut. Berdasarkan tipe tanahdilaporkan bahwa tingginya populasi kumbang pada bunga jantan yaitu (50.811 kumbang/ha; 72kumbang/spikelet) dan bunga betina yang sedang mekar (219 kumbang) pada tipe tanah berliat.Adapun, nilai fruit set pada tanah liat sebesar 58,9% dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan tanahberpasir (49,8%) dan gambut (46,4%). Populasi E. kamerunicus per ha berpengaruh terhadap nilai fruitset pada tipe tanah liat, pasir dan gambut. Namun, jumlah E. kamerunicus yang mengunjungi bungabetina yang sedang mekar tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai fruit set pada tipe tanah liat, pasir dangambut.Kata Kunci : Elaeidobius kamerunicus, Fruit set , Populasi, Tanah Gambut, Tanah liat, Tanah Pasir