Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

SECURING THE STATE, DEFENDING THE RELIGION: An Analysis of Boelan Sabit Newspaper Publications (December 1945-January 1946) Muhammad Yuanda Zara
JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN ISLAM Vol 13, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : State Islamic University (UIN) of Sunan Ampel Surabaya

This article discusses how the narration of Islamic-ness and Indonesian-ness in the midst of the war of independence was represented in an Islamic newspaper called Boelan Sabit. The period under study is a month (December 15, 1945-January 14, 1946). Using the historical method, the research findings revealed that Boelan Sabit newspaper incessantly called for Indonesian Muslims to defend Indonesian independence from Dutch colonialism and British occupation based on both Islam and nationalism. The newspaper ensured its Muslim readers that the period of independence was a time to strengthen the two identities inherent in them, namely a son of Indonesia and a Muslim. In this regard, this newspaper took the legitimacy and inspiration in maintaining Indonesian independence from the Quran and other resources of Islamic teachings. In addition, Boelan Sabit newspaper encouraged Muslim readers to have broad knowledge concerning on affairs of state through publishing articles about modern state-related concepts, including deliberation, sovereignty, democracy, and dominion status. Further, this newspaper had a role in helping Indonesian Muslims to understand and accept their new identity after the second world war as a patriotic Indonesian citizen as well as a pious Muslim.

THE REFUSAL AGAINST 1925 TEACHER ORDINANCE IN WEST SUMATRA: ITS CONDITIONS, COURSE, AND AFTERMATH Muhammad Yuanda Zara
Mozaik: Kajian Ilmu Sejarah Vol 9, No 1 (2018): MOZAIK
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Worried with the rise of modernist Muslim movement coming from the Middle East, in 1925 Netherlands Indies Government issued and applied Teacher Ordinance (Goeroe Ordonnantie) in several regions in Netherlands Indies. It stipulated, among others, that every Muslim teacher must report himself to district head so that the district head could immediately issue a letter of identification, that Islamic teachers must keep the list of their students and religious subjects given to them, and the situation in which the right of teaching would be canceled, for example if the Islamic teachers provoke their students to condemn the Government. The Ordinance had been successfully applied and the Government planned to extend it to other regions, including West Sumatra. Yet, the majority of Islamic teachers throughout West Sumatra refused the plan. The refusal against 1925 Teacher Ordinance, in the form of mass demonstration and negotiation, influenced almost all of Islamic teachers in West Sumatra and reduced existing social and religious gaps in Minangkabau society due to the same feeling of dissatisfaction. Eventually, the Government canceled the application plan of the Ordinance in West Sumatra, showing the effectiveness of the social movement organized by Islamic teachers in West Sumatra. Keywords: Teacher Ordinance, social movement, Islamic teachers, West Sumatera, Islam and colonialism

Muhammadiyah’s Views and Actions on the Protection of Civilians during the Japanese Invasion of the Netherlands Indies, 1941-1942 Muhammad Yuanda Zara
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 60, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2022.601.91-130

Studies on Muhammadiyah largely ignore Muhammadiyah’s perceptions of war. This study explores Muhammadiyah’s thoughts and practices on the protection of civilians in a so far neglected war, namely Japanese invasion of the Netherlands Indies in 1941-1942. Using historical research method, this study scrutinizes previously unexamined primary sources, the weekly magazine Adil, which was published by Surakarta branch of Muhammadiyah, in editions between 1941-1942. By examining edicts from the Central Board of Muhammadiyah as well as the writings of individuals affiliated with Muhammadiyah published by Adil, this study argues that Muhammadiyah was highly attentive to efforts to protect the civilians in times of war, by basing its thoughts on the interplay between Islamic principles and modern ideas about the rights of non-combatants in battle. Muhammadiyah strongly emphasized that during the war the civilians must be protected by the state. It moreover advised people to build spiritual and mental strength so that they can survive the war and advocated a self-protection of civilians by encouraging every resident of the Indies to help each other during the war. It campaigned for the protection of civilians with various methods and by establishing a special agency to organize the protection efforts. This study elucidates the role of Muhammadiyah in providing information, religious guidance and practical supports to its members and the Indonesian people in general regarding the protection of civilians in a war that finally overthrew European colonial powers in Southeast Asia.Studi-studi tentang Muhammadiyah masih mengabaikan tema persepsi Muhammadiyah tentang perang. Kajian ini mengeksplor pandangan dan tindakan Muhammadiyah terkait perlindungan warga sipil di masa perang, dalam konteks yang selama ini terabaikan, yaitu invasi Jepang ke Hindia Belanda pada 1941-1942. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah, studi ini mengkaji sumber-sumber primer yang belum pernah diteliti sebelumnya, yaitu majalah mingguan Adil yang diterbitkan oleh Muhammadiyah cabang Surakarta, di edisi antara tahun 1941-1942. Dengan menelaah maklumat-maklumat Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah serta tulisan individu-individu yang berafiliasi dengan Muhammadiyah yang diterbitkan oleh Adil, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa Muhammadiyah menaruh perhatian besar pada upaya melindungi warga sipil di masa perang, dengan mendasarkan pemikirannya pada saling interaksi antara prinsip-prinsip Islam dan ide-ide modern tentang hak-hak non-kombatan dalam pertempuran. Muhammadiyah sangat menekankan bahwa selama perang warga sipil harus dilindungi oleh negara. Selain itu, Muhammadiyah mengajak masyarakat untuk membangun kekuatan spiritual dan mental sehingga mereka dapat bertahan dari perang dan menganjurkan agar warga sipil berupaya melindungi diri mereka sendiri dengan mendorong setiap penduduk Hindia untuk saling membantu selama perang. Muhammadiyah mengkampanyekan perlindungan warga sipil dengan berbagai metode dan dengan membentuk badan khusus untuk menyelenggarakan upaya perlindungan. Kajian ini menjelaskan peran Muhammadiyah dalam memberikan informasi, panduan keagamaan, dan dukungan praktis kepada anggotanya dan masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnya mengenai perlindungan warga sipil dalam perang yang akhirnya menggulingkan kekuatan kolonial Eropa di Asia Tenggara.]

Syuhada Mosque and its Community in Changing Yogyakarta, 1950s-1980s Muhammad Yuanda Zara
Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities Vol 6, No 2 (2016): General Issue: Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities
Publisher : Deputy of Social Sciences and Humanities, the Indonesia Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jissh.v6i2.37

One of Yogyakarta citys symbols of colonialism is the Kotabaru region, which during the colonial period was a housing complex for Dutch ofcials and a handful of Indonesian elite. The Japanese took over the area during their Occupation. Following Indonesian independence, Indonesians seized the area for the interests of the newly born Republic of Indonesia. Syuhada Mosque, the frst modern mosque in post-independence Indonesia, was then built there, representing both Islam and Indonesian nationalism, as the mosques name and location suggest. Unlike most Indonesian mosques at the time, which were established primarily as a place for worship, Syuhada brought social and political missions. The activities of its community encompassed religious practices (such as fve obligatory daily prayers and recital of Koranic verses), handling social matters (education for children, youth and women, debate on Islam and modernity, and counter-Christianization activities), as well as responding to national politics (such as the anti-Communist movement in 1960s). Its community mostly lived outside the immediate environment of the mosque, yet Syuhada managed to present itself not just as a mosque for a small community, but for a city, even for the Indonesian nation-state. Given its four decades of overarching religious and sociopolitical functions, the mosque is deliberately aimed at a new generation of Indonesian Muslims: middle class, urban, educated, and open-minded Muslims, and serves as a role model for later mosques and religious institutions.

Islamic Patriotism in General Sudirman Comic Strips of Suara Muhammadijah Magazine (1966-1967) Muhammad Yuanda Zara
Studia Islamika Vol 29, No 2 (2022): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36712/sdi.v29i2.19588

This paper examines 29 editions of comic serials portraying the struggle of one of the most influential military commanders in modern Indonesian history, General Sudirman, published from 1966-67 by the official magazine of Muhammadiyah, Suara Muhammadijah. By using a historical and comic studies approach, this research reveals that the comic aimed to arouse a feeling of Islamic patriotism among readers of the magazine. The still-ill Sudirman was visually depicted as a devout Muslim, whose patriotism and survival ability in guerrilla operations deep in Java’s forests during the Dutch-Indonesian war were illustrated as being rooted in his Islamic faith and his experience as a young member of Hizbul Wathan, Muhammadiyah’s boy scout group. This study sheds light on comics, a neglected product of Indonesian Islamic cultural history, which sought to renegotiate the important place of Islam during the Dutch-Indonesian war (1945-1949), amid the new opportunities presented by the political turmoil that occurred during the final phase of President Sukarno’s rule, when this comic was published.

Loving nature, praising the creator; The visualizations of the natural world in the Islamic magazine <i>Pandji Masjarakat</i> Zara, Muhammad Yuanda
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 23, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study examines previously unexplored visual representations of the natural world published in Pandji Masjarakat magazine in 1960. Known at the time as the most popular Islamic magazine in Indonesia, this publication not only discussed Islamic teachings as hitherto understood, but also provided ample space for the publication of drawings, paintings, and photographs of the natural world. This study argues that the visualizations of the natural world in Pandji Masjarakat were aimed at providing its Muslim readers all over Indonesia and in the wider Malay world with guidance on how to see the natural world and people’s place in it in proper perspective, namely beautiful nature is Allah’s creation and people are welcome to use it taking full responsibility and expressing proper gratitude for it. This study sheds light on the changing attitude of Muslims to the portrayal of living things by presenting how progressive Muslims represented the natural world visually amid the throes of the rapid physical development in increasingly modernized Indonesia.

Wandering through the exotic battle zone; American journalists’ travel accounts of Indonesia during the Dutch-Indonesian war Zara, Muhammad Yuanda
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 25, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study analyses rarely examined English-language reportage and travel accounts on Indonesia created by two American journalists, Johnny Florea (Life) and Robert Sherrod (Time), after their visits to Indonesia between late-1945 and early-1946. The study finds that the travel accounts deliver a commentary on the course of the Dutch-Indonesian war and reveal the journalists’ fascination with Indonesian society and nature as well as their sympathy with Indonesians’ struggle for independence. However, the accounts also show that, as Westerners, they are guilty of various inaccuracies, a lack of knowledge, and cultural judgements rooted in the colonial past. It contributes to a new perspective on travel writing on Indonesia: war-zone travel writing, by explaining how foreign journalists’ travel accounts to war-torn Indonesia played a role as channels for foreigners, especially Americans, to understand Indonesia as a recently born alien “Other” in the midst of the raging war and binary division of West and East.

DARI ANAK PANTAI PARIAMAN MENJADI SAUDAGAR BESAR SUMATERA Zara, Muhammad Yuanda
Patra Widya: Seri Penerbitan Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya. Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Balai Pelestarian Kebudayaan Wilayah X

GALLANT BRITISH-INDIANS, VIOLENT INDONESIANS: BRITISHINDONESIAN CONFLICT IN TWO BRITISH NEWSPAPERS, THE FIGHTING COCK AND EVENING NEWS (1945-1946) Zara, Muhammad Yuanda
Patra Widya: Seri Penerbitan Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya. Vol. 16 No. 4 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Pelestarian Kebudayaan Wilayah X

No longer after Sukarno proclaimed Indonesian independence, British and Indian troops were deployed in Indonesia to disarm Japanese troops and evacuate prisoners of war and internees. British arrival was initially welcomed by nationalist Indonesians. Yet, clashes with armed Indonesians occured when the British were considered by nationalist Indonesians as supporting the restoration of Dutch colonial power. In order to campaign their policies, British military in Jakarta published two English languange newspapers, The Fighting Cock dan Evening News. This article analyzes how both newspapers were run and how they reported political and military developments in Indonesia. The main themes I explore are reports about the newspapers justification on British presence in Indonesia, violence committed by Indonesians, British and Indian troops' heroism, and the British troops' victories.Tidak lama setelah Sukarno memproklamasikan kemerdekaan Indonesia, pasukan Inggris dan India dikirim ke Indonesia untuk melucuti pasukan Jepang dan menyelamatkan tawanan perang dan interniran. Awalnya kedatangan Inggris disambut baik oleh golongan nasionalis Indonesia. Namun, pertempuran dengan pihak Indonesia mulai terjadi saat Inggris dianggap mendukung kembalinya kolonialisme Belanda. Dalam rangka mengkampanyekan kebijakan-kebijakannya, militer Inggris di Jakarta menerbitkan dua surat kabar, yakni The Fighting Cock dan Evening News. Tulisan ini menganalisa bagaimana kedua surat kabar tersebut dikelola dan bagaimana mereka melaporkan berbagai perkembangan politik dan militer di Indonesia. Tema utama yang dibahas adalah bagaimana laporan mereka menjustifikasi kehadiran Inggris di Indonesia, kekerasan yang dilakukan pihak Indonesia, heroisme pasukan Inggris dan India, dan kemenangan yang diraih pasukan Inggris.

TUAN RUMAH YANG RAMAH, PESERTA YANG BERPRESTASI: IMEJ INDONESIA DI ASIAN GAMES 1962 DI SURAT KABAR KEDAULATAN RAKJAT Zara, Muhammad Yuanda
Patra Widya: Seri Penerbitan Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya. Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Pelestarian Kebudayaan Wilayah X

Indonesia menjadi tuan rumah Asian Games ke-IV pada tahun 1962. Beberapa kajian telah mengungkapkan tentang upaya Indonesia untuk mengampanyekan ke dunia luar bahwa Asian Games 1962 adalah bukti Indonesia sebagai kekuatan besar baru di dunia. Namun, belum banyak dibahas soal bagaimana representasi Asian Games 1962 sendiri di dalam negeri, khususnya di ruang publik lokal. Di dalam tulisan ini dibahas bagaimana sebuah surat kabar di Yogyakarta, Kedaulatan Rakjat, selama sekitar sebulan (1 Agustus-5 September 1962) menggambarkan perhelatan Asian Games 1962 kepada pembacanya. Representasi Indonesia dan Asian Games di Kedaulatan Rakjat ada di berbagai halaman dan kolom, mulai dari berita utama (headline), tajuk rencana, halaman olahraga, hingga halaman advertensi. Ditemukan bahwa laporan dan pandangan yang disajikan Kedaulatan Rakjat setidaknya fokus pada dua aspek. Pertama, Indonesia adalah tuan rumah yang baik karena telah berusaha keras mempersiapkan Asian Games 1962 dengan serius, cermat, dan menyeluruh. Kedua, Indonesia adalah peserta Asian Games yang penuh prestasi, berlawanan dengan pandangan umum bahwa Indonesia adalah “anak bawang”. Temuan lain adalah bahwa berbeda dari kampanye resmi negara yang senantiasa menekankan keberhasilan-keberhasilan Indonesia di Asian Games, Kedaulatan Rakjat melalui kritik-kritiknya memperlihatkan bahwa sebagai tuan rumah Indonesia sebenarnya masih banyak memiliki kekurangan.____________________________________________________________In 1962 Indonesia hosted the Fourth Asian Games. Some studies have revealed Indonesia’s attempts to promote itself as a rising world power via the games. However, representation of the Fourth Asian Games within Indonesian society is still unknown. This study examines how a newspaper in Yogyakarta, Kedaulatan Rakjat, depicted the Fourth Asian Games to its readers in about a month (1 August-5 September 1062). Representations of Indonesia and Asian Games in Kedaulatan Rakjat appeared in various pages and columns, including headline, editorial, sport page, and advertisement page. Kedaulatan Rakjat reports mainly focused on two elements. Firstly, Indonesia is a good host nation given the facts that she had done her best to prepare the games. Secondly, as a participant, Indonesia could achieve success, in contrast to general view which underestimating the country. Moreover, different to official campaign of the games which primarily underline Indonesia’s achievements through the games, Kedaulatan Rakjat, via its criticisms, showed that some flaws remaining despite Indonesia’s hard effort to organize the games.

Title

Found 12 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 12 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 12 Documents
Search