Evgen Kharytonov
National University “Odesa Law Academy” (Ukraine)

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Derechos humanos, sociedad civil, derecho privado: problemas de correlación Evgen Kharytonov; Olena Kharytonova
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 8 (2019)
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v8i0.222

Abstract

The category of “human rights and freedoms”, the problems of protection and protection of such rights have repeatedly been the subject of research, but the question of their correlation with concepts such as “civil society”, “private law” has not been studied yet. This circumstance determines the expediency of a special study of this issue. Several methodological techniques have been used in the process of exploring issues related to this article. The main ones were civilization and conceptual methods. With the help of the “civilization” method, we explored “law” as a category inseparably related to civilization. The “concept” method helps to consider law in general, and private law as a concept (conceptus from the Latin: thought, representation, concept), that is, as a set of verbal expressions of a social phenomenon denoted by a particular term. In the conclusion, the authors state that there is a conflict in the field of human rights and the conflict of interests of members of civil society, the state resorts to a positive legal regulation of human behavior (taking into account the national mentality and influencing the formation and transformation of justice in the desired direction). The study reveals that there are no grounds for excessive concern about the “infinity” of human rights. This boundary is usually defined naturally, in the face of the rights and interests of other members of civil society.
La pandemia del Covid-19 y los derechos de la persona en términos de derecho público y privado Evgen Kharytonov; Olena Kharytonova; Denis Kolodin; Maxym Tkalych
Ius Humani. Jornal do direito Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Ius Humani. Law Journal
Publisher : Universidad Hemisferios

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31207/ih.v9i2.253

Abstract

The principles of adjusting the regulation of civil relations in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic are analyzed. The admissibility of restricting human rights in the context of the conflict of private and public interests are researched. Besides, the authors tried to determine the optimal algorithm of government actions aimed at preventing the spread of the epidemic. The main approach to the understanding of human rights in the article is based on Dworkin's concept of “rights as trumps”. A system of such categories as “a man”, “a private person”, “natural private rights”, “private law” and “national civil law” is analyzed. The conclusion is that the importance of the category of “natural” human rights is underestimated, which exacerbates the problem of ensuring human rights in a pandemic, when the state actively uses public law to cope with the crisis. As a result, there is a conflict of basic principles of private and public law: “everything is allowed except what is prohibited by law” vs. “only what is allowed by law is possible”. It is proposed to assume that the usual way of the legal existence of a person is that he/she acts as a participant in civil relations of a private type, even in a pandemic. Private relations, which arise during the quarantine period, are proposed to be regulated mainly by private law methods, limiting the influence of the state. This will allow us to reach a compromise of private and public interests, without restricting the rights of individuals voluntarily.