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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Sri Hartati
Sebelas Maret University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Morphological characteristics of Phalaenopsis hybrids treated with 1500 ppm colchicine Samanhudi Samanhudi; Sri Hartati; Ida Rumia Manurung; Ayu Lestari
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i3.64689

Abstract

The increasing number of Phalaenopsis sp. enthusiasts needs to be balanced with the availability of good-quality cultivars, one of which can be achieved by improving flower morphological characteristics through colchicine induction. Colchicine-induced plants often exhibit superior traits such as larger, thicker, and more durable flowers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 1500 ppm colchicine concentration on the floral morphological characteristics of the Phalaenopsis sp., with a particular focus on flower size, petal thickness, and sepal morphology. This research provides genetic diversity information on Phalaenopsis sp., which can serve as a basis for future breeding programs and as a reference material for orchid growers and researchers. The materials used were flower buds of three Phalaenopsis varieties: Phalaenopsis Fuller’s Sunset, Phalaenopsis Golden Tree, and Phalaenopsis OX X-Ray. Each treatment was replicated three times. Morphological data were analyzed qualitatively through scoring and converted into binary data according to the Guide Book of Orchid Plant Characterization by the Ornamental Plant Research Center (2007). The results showed that 1500 ppm colchicine affects Phalaenopsis Fullers Sunset in the form of rhombus-shaped petals, and on Phalaenopsis Golden Tree in the form of pointed lateral sepal tips, concave transverse and longitudinal cross-sections of petals, and on Phalaenopsis OX X-Ray in the form of split dorsal sepal edges, and open petal arrangement. Overall, colchicine treatment also induced apparent enlargement of flowers in all three Phalaenopsis hybrids. Keywords: chromosome; flower morphology; mutagenesis; ornamental plant; polyploidy
In vitro growth of Coelogyne hybrid (Coelogyne pandurata x Coelogyne rumphii) on medium 2.4D and BAP Ahmad Yunus; Sri Hartati; Samanhudi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i3.66556

Abstract

Coelogyne is a genus of ornamental orchids renowned for its distinctive floral characteristics and high conservation and economic value, particularly Coelogyne pandurata, which is commonly referred to as a black orchid. Efforts in cultivating black orchids in vitro require media modification with the addition of growth regulators to optimize plant development. Growth regulators that can be used include auxins and cytokinins. This study evaluates the effects of 2.4D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ) and BAP on the in vitro growth and shoot proliferation of Coelogyne pandurata X Coelogyne rumphii hybrid seedlings. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two factors: 2,4-D and BAP, each with four concentration levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 ppm), resulting in 16 treatment combinations. The variables observed were the percentage of callus formation, callus color, shoot number, root number, leaf number, and plant length. The results showed that the optimal callus growth was achieved with a combination of 2,4-D at 0.5 ppm and BAP at 0.5 ppm, resulting in 100% callus formation. The 2,4-D treatment yields the optimum results in terms of leaf numbers (23.56) and plant height (2.15 cm), while the 1.5 ppm BAP treatment achieves the optimum results in terms of leaf numbers (31) and shoot numbers (22.39). Keywords: auxin; black orchid; callus; cytokinin; plant growth regulator
Co-Authors Ahmad Yunus Ayu Lestari Ida Rumia Manurung Purwanto Purwanto Retno Rosariastuti Samanhudi Samanhudi Samanhudi Selly Maisyarah Siti Istiqomah Sudadi Sudadi