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All Journal WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
N L P I Dharmayanti
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Veterinary

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Viral Arthtritis in Chicken: Problems and its Control Dharmayanti, N L P I
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 2 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (392.971 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v9i2.722

Abstract

Viral arthritis in chicken is caused by avian reovirus infection. The infection readily occurs via the egg when the breeder hens go through a viraemia resulting in the virus being transmitted to the progeny. Horizontal transmission occurs through the direct contact. This disease causes leg weakness, swelling the hock joint, lameness, gastrocnemius tendon rupture and femoral head necrosis. Affected birds are reluctant to move, unable to seek food or water and rapidly become dehydrated and die. Economic losses may be due to mortality or culling, reduce growth or egg production on to down to carcass downgrading. Demonstration of Reovirus in the tendon sheath by fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) or isolation in chicken embryo liver (CELi). Group of specific antigens are demonstrable by the agar gel precipitin test (AGPT). Reovirus grows readily in the embryonating chicken egg following inoculation via the  yolk sac, chorio allantoic membrane (CAM) or allantoic cavity. Vaccination to induce maternal antibody can be done with inactivated or active vaccines or combinations of both. For prevention of vertical transmission, egg for hatching should be come only from flock known to be free from reovirus infection.   Key words : Viral arthritis, lameness, vaccination
Viral Arthtritis in Chicken: Problems and its Control N L P I Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 2 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (392.971 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v9i2.722

Abstract

Viral arthritis in chicken is caused by avian reovirus infection. The infection readily occurs via the egg when the breeder hens go through a viraemia resulting in the virus being transmitted to the progeny. Horizontal transmission occurs through the direct contact. This disease causes leg weakness, swelling the hock joint, lameness, gastrocnemius tendon rupture and femoral head necrosis. Affected birds are reluctant to move, unable to seek food or water and rapidly become dehydrated and die. Economic losses may be due to mortality or culling, reduce growth or egg production on to down to carcass downgrading. Demonstration of Reovirus in the tendon sheath by fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) or isolation in chicken embryo liver (CELi). Group of specific antigens are demonstrable by the agar gel precipitin test (AGPT). Reovirus grows readily in the embryonating chicken egg following inoculation via the  yolk sac, chorio allantoic membrane (CAM) or allantoic cavity. Vaccination to induce maternal antibody can be done with inactivated or active vaccines or combinations of both. For prevention of vertical transmission, egg for hatching should be come only from flock known to be free from reovirus infection.   Key words : Viral arthritis, lameness, vaccination
Biological Characteristics of West Nile Virus and Its Correlation with the Development of Antiviral Drugs and Vaccines Diana Nurjanah; N L P I Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.292 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i3.1993

Abstract

West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic RNA virus. Its genome encodes 3 structural and 7 non-structural proteins. Mutations can occur in both structural and non-structural proteins of the virus. Mutations can enhance the pathogenicity and virulence, but some mutations are beneficial for the development of vaccines. Licensed vaccines are only available for horses, while vaccines for humans are still under development. In Indonesia, WNV infection was detected in 2014 in West and East Java, but vaccines and antiviral drugs in both animals and humans are not yet available. This review describe the characteristic of structural and non-structural proteins of WNV and its correlation with mutations and the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. Molecular identification and further research is needed to predict, prevent and control WNV infections in vectors, susceptible animals and humans.
Co-Authors Diana Nurjanah Nurjanah, Diana