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Journal : Research Horizon

Internal Control as a Mediator in the Quality of Financial Information at Education Foundations Safa Azora, Aura; Hendra Hertanto, Ronny; Poernamawatie, Fahmi; Made, Anwar; Saharana, Anindya
Research Horizon Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Research Horizon - August 2025
Publisher : LifeSciFi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54518/rh.5.4.2025.761

Abstract

The preparation of quality financial reports is essential for ensuring accountability and transparency in educational institutions. This study aims to empirically test whether internal control can mediate the effects of financial accounting literacy and human resource competence on the quality of financial information. The research was conducted in 48 educational foundations overseeing at least two schools, from elementary to high school. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the SEM-PLS method with Smart PLS 4 software, covering descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, R-Square, path coefficients, and hypothesis testing. Results show that accounting literacy significantly improves the quality of financial information, and internal control mediates the relationship between accounting literacy and financial statement quality. However, internal control does not mediate the effect of human resource competence, which also shows no significant direct impact. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening accounting literacy and internal control systems to enhance the reliability and accountability of financial reports in educational foundations.
The Moderating Role of Profitability in the Effect of Independent Commissioners and Capital Structure on Firm Value Ariska, Widi Dwi; Aprilia, Mitha Endah; Poernamawatie, Fahmi; Hastuti, Sri; Rahayu, Laras Puji
Research Horizon Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Research Horizon - October 2025
Publisher : LifeSciFi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54518/rh.5.5.2025.822

Abstract

The value of a company is a crucial indicator for investors as it reflects management’s effectiveness and future growth prospects. In Indonesia’s manufacturing sector, fluctuations in company value often arise from both governance and financial decisions, making it important to explore internal determinants. This study aims to empirically test whether profitability can moderate the influence of independent commissioners and capital structure on company value. This study uses secondary data from financial reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021-2023. There were 84 populations in this study, then based on the criteria, 33 samples were obtained with a research period of 3 years, resulting in 99 samples. The results of this study indicate that profitability can moderate the effect of independent commissioners on company value, but profitability is less able to moderate the effect of capital structure on company value. The results reveal that independent commissioners and capital structure significantly affect company value. Profitability strengthens the effect of independent commissioners but does not moderate the impact of capital structure. These findings highlight the importance of governance effectiveness and financial strategies in enhancing firm value while emphasizing profitability as a catalyst for governance effectiveness.
The Impact of Individual Performance and Network Dynamics on Bonus Income in Multi-Level Marketing in Malang City Hertanto, Ronny Hendra; Sastra , Firda Aprilia Dewi; Poernamawatie, Fahmi; Ariyani
Research Horizon Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): Research Horizon - December 2025
Publisher : LifeSciFi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54518/rh.5.6.2025.871

Abstract

Bonuses in the Multi-Level Marketing (MLM) system represent the income earned by each distributor. The purpose of providing bonuses by MLM companies is to show appreciation for each member who is able to expand their network and market products. This form of appreciation is why each distributor’s income varies, as it is based on performance, achievements, profits generated, education, and closing points, which differ for each distributor. Bonus income is measured through distributor performance, including the sales amount and inviting new distributors to join Tiens. The aim of this research is to determine the factors that influence the bonus income of Tiens distributors in Malang City. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. Data were analyzed using  Structural  Equation  Modeling  (SEM)  with SmartPLS. The results show that the variables of sales performance, network/team, and understanding of the marketing plan influence the intervening variable, which is closing points, and the dependent variable, bonus income. This research has implications for the Tiens or MLM company policy in determining bonus calculations for distributors, and also measuring bonus income as a target for distributor achievement.