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DURABILTY OF 25 LOCAL SPECIFIC WOOD SPECIES FROM JAVA PRESERVED WITH CCB AGAINST MARINE BORERS ATTACK Mohammad Muslich; Sri Rulliaty
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 7, No 2 (2010): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Agency for Standardization of Environment and Forestry Instruments

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2010.7.2.144-154

This study was conducted to provide basis information of the 25 local specific wood species indigenous from Java treated by copper bichromated boron (CCB). The full-cell process for 2 hours and 150 psi during the pressure-keeping period was employed. The IUFRO method was applied for the determination of wood treatability class. The treated and untreated wood specimens were tied together using plastic cord, arranged into a raft like assembly, and then exposed for 3, 6, and 12 months to the brackish water situated at Rambut Island’s coastal area. The Nordic Wood Preservation Council (NWPC) standard No.1.4.2.2/75 was used to determine the intensity of marine borer infestation. The results revealed that 19 out of those 25 species were classified as easy to be preser ved, four species as moderate, and the remaining two were difficult to be preser ved. Those 19 species, i.e. Tamarindus indica L., Diplodiscus sp., Ficus variegate R .Br., Ehretia acuminata R .Br., Meliocope lunu-ankenda (Gaertn) T.G. Hartley, Colona javanica B.L., Pouteria duclitanBachni., Stercularia oblongata R .Br., Ficus vasculosa Wall ex Miq., Callophyllum grandiflorum JJS., Turpinia sphaerocarpa Hassk., Neolitsea triplinervia Merr., Acer niveum Bl., Sloanea sigun Szysz., Castanopsis acuminatissima A.DC., Cinnamomum iners Reinw. Ex Blume., Litsea angulata Bl., Ficus nervosa Heyne., and Horsfieldia glabra Warb. were more permeable implying that the CCB retention and penetration were greater and deeper. Hymeneaecarboril.L., LitseaodoriferaVal., Gironniera subasqualisPlanch., and LinderapolyanthaBoerl. were moderately permeable. Castanopsis tunggurut A.DC. and Azadirachta indica Juss. were the least permeable judging that the CCB retention and penetration were lowest and shallowest. The treated wood specimens in this regard were able to prevent marine borers attack. Meanwhile, the untreated specimens were susceptible to marine borers attack, except Azadirachta indica. The attacking borers consecutively are MartesiastriataLinne that belongs to the Pholadidae family ; and Teredo bartschi Clapp., Dicyathifer manni Wright., and Bankia cieba Clench. to the Terdinidae family.

KEAWETAN LIMA PULUH JENIS KAYU TERHADAP UJI KUBURAN DAN UJI DI LAUT Mohammad Muslich; Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 4 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.4.250-257

Fifty wood species collected from Indonesian forest regions were tested according to graveyard test standard and sea water exposure. Wood samples with dimensions of 60 x 5 x 5 em were prepared for graveyard test in Cikampek and 30 x 5 x 2.5 cm for sea water exposure in Rambut Island test area. The results show that in general wood species tested are susceptible to termite attack. Forty seven wood species out of 50 species tested (94%) were positively attacked by termites. Twenty eight species (56%) are classified into natural durability class V, 15 species (14%) are classified into natural durability class IV and 7 species are classified into natural durability class III. One species, Blumeodendron tundifolium was attacked not only bry termite but also suffers by decaying fungi. Another 5 species: Erythrina fusca, Litsea roxburghii, Myristica subaculata, Stercularia oblongata and Trichodenia phillipinensis were also attacked by termites and fungus simultaneously. Sea water exposure test shows that almost all wood species tested were attacked by marine borers. Four wood species (8%) are moderately resistant and classified as natural durability class II, and 12 species (24%) are not resistant and classified as natural durability class IV, while 50 wood species (64%) are classified as perishable and classified as durability class V against marine borers. Only two wood species: Azadirachta indica and Parinari corymbosa arv dassified as durability class II. Marine borers attacked the wood samples include: Martesia striata (Pholadidar family). Teredo bartschi. Dicyathifer manni and Bankia ceba (Teedinidae family).

STRUKTUR ANATOMI DAN KUALITAS SERAT LIMA JENIS KAYU ANDALAN SETEMPAT ASAL CARITA BANTEN Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 4 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.4.283-294

Recently, the supply of commercial wood species was decreased significantly. The utilization of lesser known wood species is one of possible solution to improve log supply. This paper studies the anatomical properties and its fiber quality of five locally potential wood species from Carita, Banten, for utilization purposes. The anatomical properties were examined according to the IAWAI ist of microscopic features, while fiber qualities were examined based on its quality for pulp and paper. The main anatomical characteristics are: pangsor (Ficus fistulosa Reinn.) heartwood is white-straw to pale yellow, parenchyma bands and prismatics crystals present in upright cells and chambered axial parenchyma cells; jengkol (Pithecellobium rosulatum Kosterm) heartwood is creamy with parenchyma vascicentric; petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk.) beartwood is yellow whitish, parenchyma are vascicentric, aliform, and confluen; manii (Maesopsis emini Engl) heartwood is yellow brownish, parenchymas are scanty paratracheal to confluen; balsa (Ochroma pyramidale (Cavex. I amk) Urban) heartwood is creamy whitish with axial parenchyma apotrachea diffuse. Fibre quality of those five wood species are classified into quality class 1. Based on the fibre quality and for other alternative uses, the five locally potential wood are highly recommended for its intensive cultivation.

KETAHANAN 45 JENIS KAYU INDONESIA TERHADAP RAYAP KAYU KERING DAN RAYAP TANAH Mohammad Muslich; Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.1.51-59

Natural durability of forty five wood species collected from several forest regions in Indonesia was tested against drywood termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light.) and subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgreen). Natural durability tests against dry-wood termites and subterranean termites were conducted based on Indonesian standard SNI 7207:2014. Results show that six wood species are classified as very durable wood (class I), eleven wood species are durable (class II), and 28 species belong to the low durability classes (class III, IV and V) against dry wood termites (C. cynocephalus Light.). Similar tests against substeranean termites (C. curvignathus Holmgreen) reveal that seven wood species are classified into highly resistant (durable class I), 14 wood species are resistant (durable class II), and the remaining 24 wood species belong to durability class of III, IV, and V. The testing results indicate that wood with high natural durability against dry wood termites is not necessarily resistant to subterranean termites and vice versa.

STRUKTUR ANATOMI, SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS KAYU KAMBELU (Buxus rolfie Vidal.) DAN KANDURUAN (Phoebe cuneata Blume) ASAL HUTAN ALAM DI SULAWESI BARAT Mody Lempang; Muhammad Asdar; Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.27-35

This paper excamined the anatomical and physical properties of two wood species from West Sulawesi's natural forest, i.e. kambelu (Baccus rolfir Vidal.) and kanduruan (Phoebe cuneata Blurne). The results show that the major anatomical structure of kambelu are reddish brown beurtunod, pink greyish sapwood (2-3 cm in thickness), distinct growth rings, bard, interlocked fiber, moderately fine texture and medium lustrous surface. Wbile, kanduruan anatomical properties includes brawn greyish beartwood, light brown sapwood with 5-7 cm thickness, moderately fine and uneven texture. interlocked fiber and medium lustrous surfaces, slightly slippery, hard, no specific wood pattern and odoserless. The fiber of both wood species are classified long while the cell wall thickness are medium. Both are classified as quality 1 class for pulp and paper. Kambelu and kunduruan wood densities are 0.62 and 0,63 respectively and grouped into strength class of III-1. Shrinkage percentage of kambelu is less than kanduruan wood.

KETAHANAN 20 JENIS KAYU TERHADAP SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) dan RAYAP KAYU KERING (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) Jasni; Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 33 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2015.33.2.125-133

This study aims to determine the resistance of 20 wood species against subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) and dry wood termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light). The test method of subterranean and dry wood termites refers to the SNI 01-7207-2006. Parameters observed for determining resistance class to subterranean and dry wood termites are the percentage of wood weight loss and the survival percentage of termites. Besides that, a subjective observation an severity of subterranean and dry wood termites attacks were also conducted. Results show that the resistance of 20 wood species against subterranean termites are as follow: class II (3 wood species), class III (2 wood species), class IV (13 wood species) and class V (2 wood species). The resistance to dry wood termites of the 20 wood studied species can be grouped as follow: class I (4 wood species), class II (5 wood species), class III (8 wood species) and classIV (3 wood species).

SIFAT ANATOMI DAN KUALITAS SERAT JENIS KAYU SANGAT KURANG DIKENAL: SUKU CAPPARIDACEAE, CAPRIFOLIACEAE, CHLORANTHACEAE DAN COMPOSITAE Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 4 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.4.341-354

From the total of 34,410 wood samples collection of Xylarium Bogorienses 1915, there are about 800 species (251 genera of 77 tribes) which their anatomical properties have not been studied adequately. These wood species were grouped into “The Least Known Wood Species”. This paper studies anatomical properties and fiber quality of five wood species of “The Least Known Wood Species”. The studied species include Crataeva sp., Crataeva membranifolia Miq.,(Capparidaceae), Viburnum sambucinum Bl. (Caprifoliaceae), Ascarina sp. (Chloranthaceae) and Olearia sp. (Compositae). Samples were extracted from Xylarium Bogoriense 1915 collection. The anatomical properties were examined through sectioned samples based on the IAWA list of wood identification and fiber dimensions were observed from macerated samples. Results show that anatomical properties of the studied species are distinctive for identification purposes, such as Ascarina sp. and Olearia sp. which characterized with wide ray structures. Aggregate rays were present in Crataeva membranifolia and Ascarina sp. The heartwood of Crataeva membranifolia are yellowish in colour and has straight grain which can be used for substitution of ramin wood. Fiber quality of all the studied species are classified into class quality I for pulp and paper except Olearia sp. wood species which falls into class quality II.

KETAHANAN BAMBU PETUNG (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) YANG DIAWETKAN DENGAN CCB TERHADAP SERANGAN PENGGEREK DI LAUT Mohammad Muslich; Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.3.199-208

Bamboo is a lignocellulosic material that susceptible to insect attack including marine borers. This paper studies the CCB treated bamboo petung (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) against marine borers in open water environment. Fifteen of four meters long bamboo were selected and divided into three height positions: base, mid and top. From each position, fifteen specimens of 30 cm length and 5 cm width were prepared as untreated samples and another fifteen samples were treated with 3% CCB using modified Boucherie proses for seven days. Preservative retention and penetration were recorded prior to open sea water exposure for six months. The results shows that all samples were attacked by marine borers in various level. CCB treated samples were classified as mild attack, while untreated samples were heavily attacked by marine borers. Anatomical properties of petung bamboo has a network of vascular bundles consisting of phloem metaxilem and large diameter, severely preserved. The average of CCB retention of samples taken from the base is 13.62 kg/m³, while the middle and top obtained retention of 11.47 kg/m³ and 9.12 kg/m³ respectively. Modified Boucherie process achieved 100% penetration to all samples observed. Marine borers identified namely Teredo sp. and Martesia striata.

IDENTIFIKASI DAN KUALITAS SERAT LIMA JENIS KAYU ANDALAN SETEMPAT ASAL JAWA BARAT DAN BANTEN Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 4 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.4.297-312

General characteristics, anatomical properties and fiber quality of five locally potential wood species from West Java and Banten, have been examined for wood identification purposes. The main characteristics of those five wood species based on IAWA List of Microscopic Features for Hardwood Identifications were described in the following : Pisonia umbelliflora (Forst) Seem (ki cau) has heartwood dry straw colored to yellow pale in distinctly demarcated from its sapwood, rather hard, grain interlocked, vessels clustered, parenchyma vasicentric and in narrow band or lines up to three cells wide, rays exclusively uniseriate, fibres with simple to minutely bordered pits, crystals raphides type in procumbent ray cells present; Litsea monopetala Pers. (huru manuk) has heartwood white cream-colored indistinctly demarcated from sapwood, rather hard, grain straight, vessels exclusively solitary, parenchyma vasicentric, all ray cells procumbent and has oil cells associated with axial parenchyma; Buchanania arborescens Blume (ki renggas) heartwood white pinkish clearly differentiated from sapwood, hard, patterned on radial section, grain interlocked, vessels in radial multiples, parenchyma diffuse, rays larger commonly up to 6 seriate, prismatic crystals present in upright ray cells and chambered axial parenchyma cells; Crypteronia paniculata Blume (ki banen) heartwood brownish to yellow slightly deep brown, grain straight slightly interlocked sometime twisted, vessel diffuse, parenchyma diffuse in aggregate, rays 1-3 seriate, fibers thin to thick, prismatic crystal in procumbent cell; Ficus ampelas Burm. f. (ki hampelas) has heartwood white creamy pinkish colored clearly differentiated from the sapwood, grain straight slightly interlocked, vessel exclusively solitary, tyloses common, parenchyma banded 2-8 cells wide, rays larger commonly not 9 to 5 seriate, sheath cells present, fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits. Fibre quality of those five woods could be classified into quality class I. Further study regarding their processing for pulp and paper is preferable.

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