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Ina Winarni
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Hasil Hutan
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SIFAT FISIS DAN KIMIA BRIKET ARANG CAMPURAN LIMBAH KAYU GERGAJIAN DAN SABETAN KAYU Djeni Hendra; Ina Winarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 3 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.3.211-226

Abstract

Briquetted charcoal was experimentally manufactured using the mixture of sawdust and woody slab wastes as the main materials. At first, sawdust wastes were carbonized in a semi-continuous kiln into the sawdust charcoal. Meanwhile, carbonized on woody slab wastes was conducted in a drum kiln yielding the slab charcoal. Further, the resulting sawdust charcoal and slab charcoal were mixed in varying respective portion, i.e. consecutively : (80% and 20%; 60% and 40%; 50% and 50%; 40% and 60%). The mixture was subsequently added with tapioca flour as binding agent at 5 percent, then molded, and compressed under 30-ton hydraulic pressure into the briquetted charcoal. In addition, the briquetted charcoal was also correspondingly prepared from I 00 percent sawdust, and regarded as with 0-percent woody slabs (i.e.100% and 0%). Such mixture in varying portions was further asserted as treatment. The resulting briquette charcoal was subsequently examined of its physical and chemical properties, i.e. moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, density, compressive strenght, and caloric values.The result revealed that the recovery/yield sawdust charcoal was about 24.57-29.16 percent, while that of slab charcoal was 25.26-39.20 percent. Further, the mixture of sawdust charcoal and slabs charcoal at 40% : 60% portion brounght out the briquetted charcoal with the most satisfactory physical and chemical properties i.e. the moisture content of the briquette charcoal was in the range of 2.50-4.12 percent, ash content 13.22-21.41 percent, volatile matter 20.22-21.94 percent, fixed carbon content 56.65-66.36 percent, density 0.412-0.487 gram per cm3, compressive strenght 16.43-38.13kg per cm2, and caloric value 4515-5834 cal per gram.
PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU DAN PERUBAHAN SULFIDITAS PROSES SULFAT TERHADAP SIFAT PENGOLAHAN DAN KUALITAS PULP KAYU KARET Ridwan A; Pasaribu Pasaribu; Dendi Setyawan; Ina Winarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 1 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.1.31-44

Abstract

One of the plant species which can be cultivated  and enables the industrial plantation forest to be established  for its  timber/wood  utilization  is rubber  trees. In dealing with  rubber  wood for pulp/paper processing, the residual latexes, despite in small amount, can bring about some nuisances, i.e. the troubles during the cooking, washing, and bleaching, and the appearance of dark pitch­spots on the surface of the resulting  pulp/paper sheet.Inherent wich  such, the main aim of this research was to remove or reduce to  some effective degrees  the  residual  latexes from  rubber  wood pulp  cooked  using   kraft  (sulphate) process  by regulating the sulfidity of the cooking liquor (20,25,30%), and by mixing rubber wood with four other wood species, i.e. sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), jabon  (Anthocephalus cadamba), tusam (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vries), and ekaliptus (Eucalyptus   sp.)  each with their specific gravity of 0.63, 0.30, 0.52, and 0. 78, respectively.Changes in suljidity from 20 to 30 percent brought about significant decrease in the number of pitch­spots, caused by  the  residual  latexes, on  the  surface of  the  resulting  kraft pulp  sheet. Meanwhile,  changes  in mixture between rubber wood and four  other wood species  with relative proportion  (oven­dry weight)  from  100:0 to  50:50,  and finally  to 25:75 brought about also the decrease in the number of pitch­spots.In  the same  occasion, changing the  suljidity from 20  to 25 percent  caused  the increase  in breaking­length from 3170 m to 3615  m (increasing by 14.04  percent); tear factor from 97. 776 to 111.100 (increasing by 13.63 percent); and burst factor from 42.913 to 53.623  (increasing by 24.96 percent).  However,  further  changes in sulfidity from 25 percent  to 30 percent brought  about the decrease in breaking length  and burst factor to  3232 m (decreasing  by 10.59  percent) and 48.631 (decreasing by 9.31 percent), respectively. In another case,  changes in relative  proportion  of mixture between  rubber wood  and four  other  wood  species from  100:0 to 25:75  induced the significant increase in burst factor and folding endurance from 44.163 to 54.357 (increasing by 23.08  percent) and from 39.47  to 83.93  (increasing  by112.64  percent).
SIFAT FISIS DAN KIMIA BRIKET ARANG CAMPURAN LIMBAH KAYU GERGAJIAN DAN SABETAN KAYU Djeni Hendra; Ina Winarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 3 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9332.325 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.3.211-226

Abstract

Briquetted charcoal was experimentally manufactured using the mixture of sawdust and woody slab wastes as the main materials. At first, sawdust wastes were carbonized in a semi-continuous kiln into the sawdust charcoal. Meanwhile, carbonized on woody slab wastes was conducted in a drum kiln yielding the slab charcoal. Further, the resulting sawdust charcoal and slab charcoal were mixed in varying respective portion, i.e. consecutively : (80% and 20%; 60% and 40%; 50% and 50%; 40% and 60%). The mixture was subsequently added with tapioca flour as binding agent at 5 percent, then molded, and compressed under 30-ton hydraulic pressure into the briquetted charcoal. In addition, the briquetted charcoal was also correspondingly prepared from I 00 percent sawdust, and regarded as with 0-percent woody slabs (i.e.100% and 0%). Such mixture in varying portions was further asserted as treatment. The resulting briquette charcoal was subsequently examined of its physical and chemical properties, i.e. moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, density, compressive strenght, and caloric values.The result revealed that the recovery/yield sawdust charcoal was about 24.57-29.16 percent, while that of slab charcoal was 25.26-39.20 percent. Further, the mixture of sawdust charcoal and slabs charcoal at 40% : 60% portion brounght out the briquetted charcoal with the most satisfactory physical and chemical properties i.e. the moisture content of the briquette charcoal was in the range of 2.50-4.12 percent, ash content 13.22-21.41 percent, volatile matter 20.22-21.94 percent, fixed carbon content 56.65-66.36 percent, density 0.412-0.487 gram per cm3, compressive strenght 16.43-38.13kg per cm2, and caloric value 4515-5834 cal per gram.
PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU DAN PERUBAHAN SULFIDITAS PROSES SULFAT TERHADAP SIFAT PENGOLAHAN DAN KUALITAS PULP KAYU KARET Ridwan A; Pasaribu Pasaribu; Dendi Setyawan; Ina Winarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 1 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.1.31-44

Abstract

One of the plant species which can be cultivated  and enables the industrial plantation forest to be established  for its  timber/wood  utilization  is rubber  trees. In dealing with  rubber  wood for pulp/paper processing, the residual latexes, despite in small amount, can bring about some nuisances, i.e. the troubles during the cooking, washing, and bleaching, and the appearance of dark pitch­spots on the surface of the resulting  pulp/paper sheet.Inherent wich  such, the main aim of this research was to remove or reduce to  some effective degrees  the  residual  latexes from  rubber  wood pulp  cooked  using   kraft  (sulphate) process  by regulating the sulfidity of the cooking liquor (20,25,30%), and by mixing rubber wood with four other wood species, i.e. sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), jabon  (Anthocephalus cadamba), tusam (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vries), and ekaliptus (Eucalyptus   sp.)  each with their specific gravity of 0.63, 0.30, 0.52, and 0. 78, respectively.Changes in suljidity from 20 to 30 percent brought about significant decrease in the number of pitch­spots, caused by  the  residual  latexes, on  the  surface of  the  resulting  kraft pulp  sheet. Meanwhile,  changes  in mixture between rubber wood and four  other wood species  with relative proportion  (oven­dry weight)  from  100:0 to  50:50,  and finally  to 25:75 brought about also the decrease in the number of pitch­spots.In  the same  occasion, changing the  suljidity from 20  to 25 percent  caused  the increase  in breaking­length from 3170 m to 3615  m (increasing by 14.04  percent); tear factor from 97. 776 to 111.100 (increasing by 13.63 percent); and burst factor from 42.913 to 53.623  (increasing by 24.96 percent).  However,  further  changes in sulfidity from 25 percent  to 30 percent brought  about the decrease in breaking length  and burst factor to  3232 m (decreasing  by 10.59  percent) and 48.631 (decreasing by 9.31 percent), respectively. In another case,  changes in relative  proportion  of mixture between  rubber wood  and four  other  wood  species from  100:0 to 25:75  induced the significant increase in burst factor and folding endurance from 44.163 to 54.357 (increasing by 23.08  percent) and from 39.47  to 83.93  (increasing  by112.64  percent).
Co-Authors Dendi Setyawan Djeni Hendra Pasaribu Pasaribu Ridwan A