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DAMPAK AKTIVITAS PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR DI DESA NAGA TIMBUL, KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG Sari Anggraini; Sandra Cecilia Natasha Lombogia; Bayu Pratomo; Suratni Afrianti; Husnin Nahry Yarza
Agros Journal of Agriculture Science Vol 25, No 3 (2023): edisi Juli
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Janabadra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37159/jpa.v25i3.3256

The expansion of palm plantations led to soil removal from forests into plantations, resulting in biophobic damage to the environment. Over time the environment naturally becomes polluted, as water is caused by human activity. This is seen from the growing area of palm oil plantations in both rural areas and District, one of which is correlated to the Naga Timbul village. Environmental pollutants can cause a variety of impact on water environments such as industrial waste or in the process of agriculture, so to know the quality of the water used by communities should be known to affect the quality of palm plantations in Naga Timbul village, District Deli Serdang. The water quality assessment in Naga Timbul village is adjusted according to government rule number 82 on water quality management and water pollution control. As for the results of a test, the ph of the homes of citizens close to the plantation of palm oil was 6,3, Bod 2 mg/ L, Cod 8mg/ L, Do 6,7 mg/ L, Ammonium 0.3 mg/L, NO3 as n 1,15, the sample had no distinct color and potentially no scent. The impact of coal- palm plantation activity on the quality of the water far from the plantations (cities) and upstream, central, downstream rivers has been found.INTISARIPerluasan perkebunan kelapa sawit mengakibatkan pemindahan lahan dari hutan menjadi perkebunan, sehingga mengakibatkan rusaknya lingkungan secara biofisik. Seiring berjalannya waktu lingkungan secara alami mengalami pencemaran seperti air yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia. Hal ini dilihat dari semakin luasnya perkebunan kelapa sawit pada wilayah antar desa dan Kecamatan di Kabupaten deli Serdang salah satu nya pada Desa Naga Timbul. Pencemaran lingkungan dapat menyebabkan berbagai pengaruh pada lingkungan perairan misalnya limbah industri pangan ataupun dalam proses perkebunan, oleh karena itu untuk mengetahui kualitas air yang digunakan oleh masyarakat perlu diketahui dampak aktivitas perkebunan kelapa sawit terhadap kualitas air di Desa Naga Timbul, kabupaten Deli Serdang. Penilaian kualitas air di desa nagatimbul disesuaikan berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air. Adapun hasil pengujian nya yaitu pH pada sampel rumah warga yang dekat dengan perkebunam kelapa sawit adalah 6,3, BOD 2 mg/L, COD 8mg/L, DO 6,7 mg/L, Amoniak 0,3, NO3 sebagai N 1,15, Sampel tidak memiliki warna yang khas dan berpotensi racun serta tidak memiliki bau. Oleh karena itu ditemukan adanya dampak dari aktivitas perkebunan kelapa sawit terhadap kualitas air dengan pembanding air yang jauh dari perkebunan (kota) dan air sungai bagian hulu, tengah, hilir.

Analisis Sifat Fisik Tanah Gambut pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PTPN 4 Ajamu II Perk. Meranti Paham: Analysis of Physical Properties of Peat Soil on Palm Oil Plantation PTPN 4 Ajamu II Meranti Paham Suratni Afrianti; Rian Gordon Sitorus; Edwina Zainal
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 11 No. 3 (2023): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v11i3.2807

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan beberapa sifat fisik tanah gambut antara tanah yang belum ditanami kelapa sawit, tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 1999, dan tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 2009. Penelitian dilaksanakan di perkebunan PTPN 4 Ajamu II Perkebunan Meranti Paham, Kecamatan Panai Hulu, Kabupaten Labuhan Batu, Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada bulan Maret 2023. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode observasi. Titik pengambilan sampel ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Sampel tanah diambil menggunakan bor belgi dengan kedalaman 20 cm - 40 cm, kemudian dilakukan analisis di laboratorium. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai bulk density tanah yang belum ditanami kelapa sawit adalah 0,15025 g/cm³, yang termasuk dalam kategori kepadatan rendah. Sementara itu, rata-rata nilai bulk density pada tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 2009 adalah 0,17575 g/cm³, juga termasuk dalam kategori kepadatan rendah, dan rata-rata nilai bulk density pada tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 1999 adalah 0,12625 g/cm³, yang juga termasuk dalam kategori kepadatan rendah. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil pengukuran porositas, tanah yang belum ditanami kelapa sawit memiliki nilai porositas sebesar 79,375%, tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 2009 memiliki nilai porositas sebesar 76,5425%, dan tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 1999 memiliki nilai porositas sebesar 74,3%. Penelitian ini juga mengukur partikel density, dengan nilai rata-rata partikel density untuk tanah yang belum ditanami kelapa sawit sebesar 0,7425 g/cm³, nilai rata-rata partikel density untuk tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 2009 sebesar 0,79 g/cm³, dan nilai rata-rata partikel density untuk tanah dengan usia tanam tahun 1999 sebesar 0,517 g/cm³. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan pada partikel density dan porositas tanah pada perkebunan kelapa sawit. Nilai porositas tanah gambut yang diperoleh termasuk dalam kriteria yang sangat baik. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang karakteristik lahan dan tanah, yang dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengelolaan yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan di perkebunan kelapa sawit. This research aims to analyze the differences in several physical properties of peat soil between unplanted soil, soil with oil palm planting in 1999, and soil with oil palm planting in 2009. The study was conducted in the PTPN 4 Ajamu II Meranti Paham Plantation, Panai Hulu Sub-district, Labuhan Batu Regency, North Sumatra Province on March 2023. The research method used was descriptive research with an observational approach. The sampling points were determined using purposive random sampling method. Soil samples were taken using a belgian auger with a depth of 20 cm - 40 cm, and then analyzed in the laboratory. The analysis results showed that the average bulk density value of unplanted soil was 0.15025 g/cm³, which falls under the category of low density. Meanwhile, the average bulk density value of soil with oil palm planting in 2009 was 0.17575 g/cm³, also falling under the category of low density, and the average bulk density value of soil with oil palm planting in 1999 was 0.12625 g/cm³, also falling under the category of low density. Furthermore, based on the porosity measurements, the unplanted soil had a porosity value of 79.375%, the soil with oil palm planting in 2009 had a porosity value of 76.5425%, and the soil with oil palm planting in 1999 had a porosity value of 74.3%. This research also measured particle density, with an average particle density value of 0.7425 g/cm³ for unplanted soil, 0.79 g/cm³ for soil with oil palm planting in 2009, and 0.517 g/cm³ for soil with oil palm planting in 1999. The results showed a decrease in particle density and soil porosity in the oil palm plantation. The obtained values of peat soil porosity fall within the criteria of excellent quality. This research provides a deeper understanding of land and soil characteristics, which can serve as a basis for more effective and sustainable management in oil palm plantations.

Pengaruh Formulasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Metharizium anisopliae(Metchnikoff) Sorokin dan Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv.) Vuill terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Daya Tahan Hama Penyakit pada Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Pre nursery) Gunawan, Juan Felix; Sat Rahayuwati; Bayu Pratomo; Suratni Afrianti
Agroprimatech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Agroprimatech
Publisher : Prodi Agroteknologi Fakultas Agro Teknologi Universitas Prima Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/agroprimatech.v8i2.5409

Entomopathogenic fungi are fungi that can cause death to insect pests. Some reports state that entomopathogenic fungi are endophytic or can grow in plant tissue and are positive for plant growth and produce phenol substances that insects do not like. The study aims to determine whether the formulation of entomopathogenic fungi Metharizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill given to pre-nursery oil palm seedlings can help increase growth and resistance to pests and plant diseases. The study used factorial RAK with 3 replications and 2 factors, namely M. anisopliae fungus (M) with 4 levels: M0 = 0 g (control), M1 = 5g, M2 = 10g, and M3 = 40g, and B. bassiana fungus (B) with 4 levels namely: B0 = 0g (control), B1 = 5g, B2 = 10g, and B3 = 40g. The research resultsshowed that sprouts could grow into seedlings well, with an average third leaves appearing at week 12 after planting. The results of ANOVA analysis showed that the treatment factor of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana fungus gave an effect that was not significantly different on the parameters of the number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, number of leaf spots, leaf spot area, number of insect bites, insect bite area, plant length, crown wet weight, crown dry weight, root wet weight, root dry weight and root crown ratio. In other words, adding various doses of mixed formulation of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana did not provide a response to trigger plant growth and prevent the undesirable effects of insects. There are suggested that the two fungi are already in the oil palm seedling tissue as endophytes but until the 12th week, they have not shown any effect as a growth promotor or preventive effect the seddling tissue not liked by insects.

Analisis Sifat Kimia dan Fisik pada Media Tanam Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Cocopeat: Analysis of Chemical and Physical Properties of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Cocopeat Planting Media Maruli Sirait; Rendi Sinaga; Lubis, Habilla; Nove Halawa; Suratni Afrianti
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v13i2.6356

Ketersediaan media tanam yang ramah lingkungan dan berbasis limbah organik menjadi isu penting dalam mendukung praktik pertanian berkelanjutan di tengah menurunnya kualitas tanah dan meningkatnya penggunaan bahan kimia dalam budidaya pertanian. Salah satu upaya yang dapat diflakukan adalah memanfaatkan limbah pertanian dan perkebunan sebagai media tanam alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat kimia dan fisik dari dua jenis bahan organik, yaitu tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan cocopeat, untuk mengetahui kelayakannya sebagai media tanam alternatif. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis laboratorium terhadap parameter kimia seperti kandungan karbon organik (C-organik), nitrogen total (N-total), fosfat (P₂O₅), kalium (K₂O), kalsium oksida (CaO), magnesium oksida (MgO), serta unsur mikro seperti seng (Zn) dan tembaga (Cu). Selain itu, dilakukan pengujian parameter fisik seperti kadar air dan porositas, serta kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) untuk menilai aspek keamanan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TKKS memiliki kandungan unsur hara makro yang tinggi, yaitu C-organik 28,47%, N-total 1,52%, P₂O₅ 1,49%, dan K₂O 10,90%, yang sangat potensial dalam mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman. Di sisi lain, cocopeat memiliki keunggulan pada karakteristik fisik, seperti kadar air dan porositas yang tinggi, serta kandungan C-organik sebesar 24,55% dan N-total 0,63%. Analisis logam berat menunjukkan bahwa kedua media tidak mengandung Pb sehingga aman digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, TKKS dan cocopeat dapat direkomendasikan sebagai media tanam alternatif yang tidak hanya bernilai agronomis, tetapi juga berkontribusi dalam pengurangan limbah organik dan pencemaran lingkungan, sekaligus mendukung pembangunan pertanian yang berkelanjutan. The availability of environmentally friendly growing media based on organic waste has become a critical issue in supporting sustainable agricultural practices, especially amid declining soil quality and increasing use of chemical inputs in crop cultivation. One potential strategy to address this challenge is the utilization of agricultural and plantation waste as an alternative growing medium. This study aims to analyze the chemical and physical properties of two types of organic materials—oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and cocopeat—to evaluate their suitability as alternative growing media. The method employed includes laboratory analysis of chemical parameters such as organic carbon (C-organic), total nitrogen (N-total), phosphate (P₂O₅), potassium (K₂O), calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and micronutrients such as zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). In addition, physical parameters such as moisture content and porosity, as well as the presence of heavy metal lead (Pb), were examined to assess environmental safety. The results showed that EFB contains high levels of macronutrients, with 28.47% C-organic, 1.52% N-total, 1.49% P₂O₅, and 10.90% K₂O, indicating its strong potential to support plant growth. On the other hand, cocopeat exhibited superior physical properties, including high moisture content and porosity, along with 24.55% C-organic and 0.63% N-total. Heavy metal analysis revealed that both media were free from Pb contamination, making them safe for use. Based on these findings, EFB and cocopeat are recommended as alternative growing media that are not only agronomically beneficial but also contribute to reducing organic waste and environmental pollution, thereby supporting the advancement of sustainable agriculture.

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