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Investigation of the Relationship Between Economic Growth and use of Fossil and Hydroelectric Energy Resources by ARDL Boundary Test: 1971-2018 Iraq Case Rogash Younis Masiha; Sadeq Taha Abdulazeez; Dindar Saeed Saeed
Jurnal Matematika MANTIK Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mantik.2021.7.2.155-164

Abstract

Energy is an important input for economies. In this context, many countries have conducted studies to examine how energy affects their economies. In addition, the relationship between energy and economic growth is an important indicator in guiding economic policies. In this study, the effect of Energy Production from Fossil Sources (EPFS) and Energy Production from Hydroelectric Sources (EPHS) on Economic Growth (GDP) for Iraq was analyzed with the ARDL Cointegration test. The data of Iraq used in the study were taken from the official web address of the World Bank and covers the years between 1971-2018. A significant and positive relationship has been found between the energy resources discussed in the study and economic growth. In addition, according to the Toda-Yamamoto causality analysis, a causality relationship from the use of fossil energy resources to economic growth was found. Likewise, a causality relationship has been found from the use of hydroelectric energy resources to economic growth.
A Hybrid Semi-Analytical Technique for the Homogeneous Space Fractional Damped Wave Equation with Gaussian White Noise Sadeq Taha Abdulazeez; Şakir İşleyen; Hasan Hazim Jameel
JURNAL DIFERENSIAL Vol 8 No 2 (2026): November 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Matematika, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jd.v8i2.27486

Abstract

This paper addresses the severely ill-posed final value problem for the homogeneous space fractional damped wave equation subject to Gaussian white noise. Unlike the well-posed forward problem, recovering the initial state from noisy final data is unstable, as high-frequency noise components are amplified exponentially. We propose the Laplace-Residual Power Series Method (LRPSM), a semi-analytical iterative technique, to solve this problem. By transforming the backward problem into a time-reversed initial value problem, we construct a series solution in the Laplace domain. We provide a rigorous theorem and proof regarding the convergence of the method for exact data and discuss its regularizing properties via series truncation for noisy data. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the accuracy and stability of the proposed method compared to standard Fourier truncation techniques.