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I Made Tasma
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar 3A, Bogor 16111 Indonesia Telp. (0251) 8337975; Faks. (0251) 8338820
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Gen dan QTL Pengendali Toleransi Tanaman terhadap Keracunan Aluminium dan Aplikasinya untuk Pemuliaan Tanaman di Indonesia I Made Tasma
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 11, No 3 (2015): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v11n3.2015.p111-124

Abstract

Genetic knowledge of loci controlling Al toxicity tolerance is the key for a successful breeding program in developing Altolerant cultivars. Tolerance level of crop plants to Al toxicity is genetically controlled. The gene inheritance pattern is mainlyresulted from intensive studies of cereal crops, such as wheat, sorghum, maize, and rice. The trait can be controlled by asingle dominant gene, a single dominant gene with many alleles, a pair of dominant genes, or by many genes (QTL). Themajority of the Al tolerance genes identified so far belongs to two independent groups of gene families, i.e. aluminumactivatedmalate transporter (ALMT) and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), both encoding transport proteinsinvolved in Al-activated organic acid release, mainly citrate and malate. The variations in Al toxicity tolerance phenotypes arestrongly correlated with the expressions of such genes in the root apical cells. Many Al tolerance QTLs have been mapped inthe genomes of various crop species and were found to be colocated with the ALMT and MATE genes. The genetic maps ofthe Al tolerance genes and QTLs facilitate breeding programs for developing Al-tolerant cultivars through marker-assistedbreeding methods. Al tolerance genes that have been isolated from genetically unrelated species can be used in genetictransformation studies of crop genotypes sexually incompatible to the gene source genotypes. The application of thesemolecular breeding methods expedites breeding programs to develop crop cultivars tolerance to Al toxicity and acid soils.Genomic technologies by using next-generation sequencing and high-throughput genotyping system accelerate Al toxicitytolerance gene and QTL discoveries of various crop species. The modern genomic technologies also facilitate morecomprehensive PGR characterization and utilization to accelerate identification and isolation of the Al tolerance genes andQTLs to be used in a more comprehensive breeding program to support national food self sufficiency and food securityprograms.
Pembentukan Pustaka Genom, Resekuensing, dan Identifikasi SNP Berdasarkan Sekuen Genom Total Genotipe Kedelai Indonesia I Made Tasma; Dani Satyawan; Habib Rijzaani
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 11, No 1 (2015): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v11n1.2015.p7-16

Abstract

Resequencing of the soybean genome facilitates SNP marker discoveries useful for supporting the national soybean breedingprograms. The objectives of the present study were to construct soybean genomic libraries, to resequence the whole genome offive Indonesian soybean genotypes, and to identify SNPs based on the resequence data. The studies consisted of genomiclibrary construction and quality analysis, resequencing the whole-genome of five soybean genotypes, and genome-wide SNPidentification based on alignment of the resequence data with reference sequence, Williams 82. The five Indonesian soybeangenotypes were Tambora, Grobogan, B3293, Malabar, and Davros. The results showed that soybean genomic library wassuccessfully constructed having the size of 400 bp with library concentrations range from 21.2–64.5 ng/μl. Resequencing of thelibraries resulted in 50.1 x 109 bp total genomic sequence. The quality of genomic library and sequence data resulted from thisstudy was high as indicated by Q score of 88.6% with low sequencing error of only 0.97%. Bioinformatic analysis resulted in atotal of 2,597,286 SNPs, 257,598 insertions, and 202,157 deletions. Of the total SNPs identified, only 95,207 SNPs (2.15%) werelocated within exons. Among those, 49,926 SNPs caused missense mutation and 1,535 SNPs caused nonsense mutation. SNPsresulted from this study upon verification will be very useful for genome-wide SNP chip development of the soybean genome toaccelerate breeding program of the soybean.
Co-Authors Dani Satyawan Habib Rijzaani