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STRATEGI ADAPTASI NELAYAN PANTAI SIBOLGA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN WILAYAH PESISIR KOTA SIBOLGA, SUMATERA UTARA Daud Daniel Hutapea; Yayat Dhahiyat; Sunardi Sunardi
Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7008.973 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/.v4i2.16801

Abstract

Adaptation strategies are responses from fishermen and fishing methods undertaken to obtain better results in fisheries activities. This strategy is believed to be a way to survive and can compete with other fishermen. On fishing communities, patterns of adaptation to adjust to the physical environment of marine ecosystems and the surrounding social environment. For people who work in the middle of the ocean, the ocean is the physical environment hazards. In many ways working in the marine environment laden with risk. Because fishermen are hunting for fish work, the results can not be determined certainty, everything is almost completely speculative. This study uses a mix of qualitative predominantly and quantitative less dominant. Qualitative methods are used to obtain in-depth information and coastal environmental change adaptation strategies Sibolga shore fishermen. Quantitative methods are used to obtain information characteristics of respondents fishing with size 87 samples taken from 65 households fisherman outboard motor boats and 22 fishing boats without motors households. Quantitative methods are also used to obtain data on changes in coastal environments. The analysis in the combined analysis methods using triangulation. Coastal environmental changes that occur are physical changes due to coastal Sibolga hoarding, residential additions and construction of buildings that affect the marine ecosystem fisheries; extent of decline of coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass beds caused, and a decline in quality of sea water in the surrounding waters Sibolga. Adaptation strategies Sibolga shore fishing can be divided into three aspects, namely social, economic and fishing techniques. Social adaptation strategy consists of social networks, mobilizing role of family members, changes in fishing group. Economic adaptation strategy consists of adding new gear, diversification of employment and capital management fishing. Adaptation strategies fishing technique consists of raising engine capacity ships, the use of technology, further the fishing area, adding to sea long, deepening the depth of fishing and the use of fishing tools.Keywords : Adaptation strategies fishermen, environmental change, coastal .
DAYA DUKUNG DAN PEMANFAATAN PERAIRAN DANAU TELUK KOTA JAMBI UNTUK BUDIDAYA IKAN DI KARAMBA JARING APUNG (KJA) BERBASIS MASYARAKAT - Carrying Capacity and Utilization of Teluk Lake, Jambi City for Community-based Fish Culture on Floating Net Cage Janu Dwi Kristianto; Sunardi Sunardi; Johan Iskandar
Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10293.006 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/ijas.v4i1.16683

Abstract

AbstrakDanau merupakan salah satu bentuk ekosistem yang menempati daerah yang relatif kecil pada permukaan bumi dibandingkan dengan habitat laut dan daratan. Bagi manusia kepentingannya jauh lebih berarti dibandingkan dengan luas daerahnya. Sejak tahun 1985 Danau Teluk di Kota Jambi mulai digunakan sebagai lokasi budidaya ikan dengan karamba jaring apung (KJA) dengan jumlah KJA yang beroperasi pada tahun 2012 mencapai + 878 unit dari 64 pembudidaya ikan dan akan meningkat terkait penetapan Propinsi Jambi sebagai salah satu kawasan minapolitan perikanan budidaya guna peningkatan produksi perikanan. Pemanfaatan Danau Teluk sebagai media untuk budidaya ikan di KJA diperlukan upaya untuk mendorong pengelolaan terhadap sumberdaya milik umum ini agar terus bekelanjutan. Kajian mengenai dukung perairan dan pemanfaatan daya Danau Teluk Kota Jambi untuk budidaya ikan sistem KJA bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya dukung Danau Teluk yang digunakan untuk kegiatan budidaya ikan di KJA, bagaimana deskripsi pemanfaatan danau untuk budidaya ikan di KJAyang selama ini dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat sekitar dan merumuskan pola pemanfaatan Danau Teluk untuk budidaya ikan di KJA yang berbasis masyarakat secara berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa  daya dukung perairan Danau Teluk Kota Jambi untuk budidaya ikan di KJA adalah sebesar 517,617 ton ikan  per tahun dengan estimasi jumlah pakan di KJA yang diberikan pada ikan sebanyak 931,710 ton pakan ikan per tahun dengan asumsi kadar total P yang masuk ke perairan danau melalui limbah ikan sebanyak 20 kg P/ ton ikan. Jumlah ideal unit KJA yang seharusnya beroperasi di Danau Teluk berdasarkan penghitungan daya dukung danau sebanyak 862, 695 unit ~ 862 unit. Saat ini jumlah KJA yang beroperasi adalah sebanyak 878 unit sehingga perlu dilakukan pengurangan jumlah sebanyak 16 unit. Pemanfaatan Danau Teluk untuk budidaya ikan oleh masyarakat dilakukan secara sederhana dan jumlah KJA yang terdapat ternyata sudah sedikit melebihi daya dukung perairan jika dilihat dari konsentasi Total P yang ada di perairan. Peningkatan jumlah KJA yang ada di danau perlu mendapat perhatian dari pemerintah dan masyarakat setempat. Pola pemanfaatan danau untuk budidaya ikan berbasis masyarakat yang direkomendasikan adalah dengan mengeluarkan ijin usaha budidaya ikan agar kegiatan budidaya ikan dapat terkendali dan tidak merusak lingkungan, menggunakan pola pemeliharaan ikan dengan jaring ganda sehingga biaya operasional lebih efisien dan produksi ikan dapat ditingkatkan, membuat manajemen pakan dalam penerapan budidaya ikan dalam KJA, meningkatkan SDM pembudidaya ikan dan mengaktifkan kembali kelompok pembudidaya ikan sehingga koordinasi antar pembudidaya, pemerintah dan stakeholder terkait dapat terjalin serta pengaturan tata ruang KJA.Kata Kunci : pemanfaatan danau, daya dukung, Danau Teluk, budidaya ikan KJA, berbasis masyarakatAbstracLake is one of ecosytem form than occupies a relative small area on the surface of the earth as compared to sea and land habitats. For humans, utilization  is more important than the expanse of lands. Since 1985, Teluk Lake began to be used as the location of fish cultivation with floating net cage culture (FNCC). The number of FNCC in 2012 reached ± 878 unit of 64 fish farmers and it will increase related to determination of Jambi Province as one of Minapolitan fishery cultivation in order to increase fish production. Utilization of Teluk Lake as media for fish cultivation on floating cage is necessary to encourage the management of common resources is to be kept sustainable.  Studies on carrying capacity and utilization of Teluk Lake Jambi City for community-based fish cultivation on FNCC aims to know how the use of this lake that have been implemented by the local community and to find out patterns of Teluk Lake utilization to fish culture in floating cage sustainable community-based  and to find out how the carrying capacity Teluk lake that used to fish farming activities in floating cage. Methods used in this study is qualitative and quantitative methods with a descriptive approach. 1Result showed that carrying capacity of Teluk lake for fish farming in FNCC is equal  517,617 tons of  fish per year with estimate amount of feed given to fish in floating cage is as many as  931,710 ton per year assuming total P were entered into the lake through fish waste as much 20 k P/ton of fish. Ideal number of floating cage based on lake  carrying capacity accounting should be 862,695 unit ~ 862 unit. Operating floating cage currently  is  878 unit so that it is necessary reduction in the amount of 16 unit and if they want to add a new one, it should be an improvement or replacement of existing floating cage at lake. Utilization of Teluk Lake for fish farming is done simple by local communities and number of existing floating cage already slightly exceed the carrying capacity of lake if related from existing concentration of total P in water. The increasing amount of floating cages in lake should be attend from goverment and local communities, so it is necessary to manage the use of lake for fish cultivation. Pattern of lake utilization for fish farming  based- community ist recommended to issue a business licence, in order to control fish farming activity, and not damage the environment, using growt out pattern by double nets so that more efficient operating cost and fish production can be increased, making management of feed in fish farming at floating cage, develop capability of human resouces, activate again POKDAKAN so coordination between farmers, goverment and stakeholder can be build and layout arrangement FNCC. Keywords : Lake utilization, carrying capacity,Teluk Lake, fish culture on floating cage,community based
RENCANA PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI PERAIRAN DAERAH UNTUK MENJAGA KELESTARIAN EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS: KAB. BELITUNG TIMUR - KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG) LANTIP WRATSANGKA; YAYAT DHAHIYAT; Sunardi Sunardi
Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8220.383 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/.v4i2.16804

Abstract

The Dynamic of Blue-Green Algae (Cyanobacteria) in Eutrophic Tropical Waters, The Cirata Reservoir Fariha Luthfiani; Sunardi Sunardi; Hikmat Kasmara
Indonesian Journal of Limnology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Limnology
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Limnology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (289.123 KB) | DOI: 10.51264/inajl.v1i1.4

Abstract

The quality of reservoir waters depends on changes in their physical, chemical, and biological components. Changes in these parameters lead to the emerging of many problems in the reservoir, such as eutrophication and changes in the composition of the phytoplankton community in the reservoir ecosystem. This eutrophication impact can trigger an explosion of dangerous phytoplankton population, such as blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria). Research on the relationship between water quality and the community structure of Cyanobacteria has been carried out. This study used secondary data from the water monitoring report of the Cirata Reservoir from 2013-2017. This study aimed to obtain information on the community structure of Cyanobacteria and environmental parameters that affected the abundance of Cyanobacteria in the reservoir. Species abundance, diversity index, and dominance index were analyzed to determine changes in the community structure of Cyanobacteria in each of the years. Cyanobacteria abundances were classified using cluster analysis. Water quality parameters such as temperature, transparency, pH, carbon dioxide, nitrate, nitrite, and zooplankton abundance as independent variables, and levels of Cyanobacteria abundances as the dependent variable was analyzed using discriminant analysis. This study showed that the abundance of Cyanobacteria in the Cirata Reservoir is dominated by the Stanieria (a genus of the Pleurocapsales order) every year and the parameter that significantly affects the level of Cyanobacteria abundance was nitrate (NO3-N).
Effect of Drying Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Binderless Fiberboard from Bagasse: Study of Flexural and Tensile Strength Numan Luthfi; Xiulun Wang; Koji Kito; Sunardi Sunardi
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (487.032 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v4i2.28412

Abstract

Sugarcane remains to be one of the largest cash crops in the world. Despite its economic benefits, a large amount of bagasse generated from extraction processing ends up as an environmental issue. The utilization of bagasse as fiberboard is introduced as an alternative waste management. However, nowadays, fiberboard is commonly produced by adding chemical adhesive, such as Urea-formaldehyde resin, which is harmful to living things. The current research was conducted to study and produce environmentally friendly fiberboard by relying only on lignocellulose due to hydrogen bond formation. The methods used consisted of cutting, soaking, refining, concentration determination, and forming with various drying temperatures of 110ºC, 130ºC, 150ºC, 170ºC, and 190ºC. Characterizations of flexural and tensile strength were carried out to investigate the feasibility of fiberboard based on the standard of JIS A 5905 (2003). The calculations show that the increase in drying temperature from 110ºC to 190ºC increased the flexural and tensile fracture stress by 24.12-36.87 MPa and 12.89-19.77 MPa respectively with both maximum values obtained by fiberboard 190ºC. By considering the density and moisture content of fiberboards which ranged from 1.0210-1.0164 g/cm3 and 6.19-4.19% respectively, the results indicate that only fiberboard 110ºC, 130ºC, and 150ºC meet the standard of JIS A 5905 (2003) for high-density fiberboard (HDF) with type of S20 and S25. HDF has applications for exterior siding, interior wall, paneling, and household furniture.