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Buang Abdullah
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Peningkatan Kadar Antosianin Beras Merah Dan Beras Hitam Melalui Biofortifikasi Buang Abdullah
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 36, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v36n2.2017.p91-98

Abstract

improving nutritional status of human health. Rice as a staple food for Indonesian community is potential to be increased its nutritional content to produce rice with high vitamin, mineral and/or antioxidant (anthocyanin) which is benefit for human health. Anthocyanin is a compound that produced by plants. Biofortification of rice for high content of anthocyanin was carried out through development of red and black rice through conventional breeding. Bio-fortification is more effective than fortification to combat generative diseases. Two red improved rice varieties were released with high anthocyanin content were released by IAARD, namely Inpari 24 Gabusan as a red rice variety with anthocyanin content of 8 ug/100g and Inpari 25 Opak Jaya as a waxy red rice variety with anthocyanin content of 11 ug/100g. Red rice varieties produced from biofortification are rapidly adopted by farmers and stake-holders. Several number of red and black rice advanced lines having higher anthocyanin content are being tested in the field for their yield trial. These lines could be released as red and black rice varieties that better than the existing varieties. In order to overcome degenerative diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and high blood consuming functional food from bio-fortification would be more efficient than that from fortification, because the important compound which added through bio-fortification is derivative and eternal.Keywords: Red and black rice, anthocyanin, bio-fortification AbstrakBiofortifikasi adalah paradigma baru di dunia pertanian dan merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam meningkatkan gizi masyarakat. Beras yang merupakan makanan pokok di Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan kandungan gizinya melalui program pemuliaan tanaman guna menghasilkan varietas padi yang berasnya mengandung vitamin, mineral, dan/atau senyawa lain seperti antosianin yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Antosianin dapat dihasilkan oleh tanaman secara alami. Biofortifikasi beras yang mengandung antosianin tinggi telah dilakukan melalui program perakitan varietas padi beras merah dan beras hitam dengan prosedur pemuliaan konvensional. Dua varietas unggul padi fungsional yang mengandung antosianin tinggi telah dilepas yaitu Inpari-24 Gabusan sebagai varietas unggul padi beras merah dengan kandungan antosianin 8 ug/100g dan Inpari-25 Opak Jaya sebagai varietas ketan merah dengan kandungan antosianin 11 ug/100g. Varietas unggul padi beras merah hasil biofortikasi telah berkembang luas di beberapa daerah karena disukai konsumen dan menguntungkan petani. Beberapa galur harapan padi beras merah dan beras hitam yang mengandung antosianin lebih tinggi masih dalam tahap pengujian daya hasil dan multilokasi. Beberapa di antara galur tersebut diharapkan dapat dilepas sebagai varietas unggul padi beras merah dan beras hitam yang lebih baik dari varietas yang sudah ada. Untuk mengatasi penyakit degeneratif seperti kanker, diabetes, dan hipertensi, dengan mengonsumsi pangan fungsional hasil biofortikasi lebih efisien dan lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan pangan hasil fortifikasi karena senyawa penting yang ditambahkan melalui biofortifikasi bersifat diwariskan dan langgeng. Kata kunci: Padi, beras merah, beras hitam, antosianin, biofortifikasi
PERKEMBANGAN DAN PROSPEK PERAKITAN PADI TIPE BARU DI INDONESIA Buang Abdullah; Soewito Tjokrowidjojo; Sularjo Sularjo
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 27, No 1 (2008): Maret, 2008
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v27n1.2008.p1-9

Abstract

Development and prospect of new plant type of rice in IndonesiaNew plant type of rice (NPT) has higher yield potential than that of existing high-yielding varieties. Therefore, it is urgent to develop rice varieties having high yield potential to increase rice yield and production. Development of NPT in Indonesia has been started in 1995. Four NPT varieties were released, namely Cimelati (2001) , Gilirang (2002) , Ciapus (2003) , and Fatmawati (2003) . However, those varieties still have disadvantages, such as few tillers and high sterility, and consequently their yield potential are not as high as proposed. NPT which is suitable to Indonesia as a tropical country and pest and disease are still major problem, should have short and sturdy stems(80-100 cm), 12–18 tillers, 150–250 grains/panicle, 85–95% filled grain, weight of 1,000 grains 25-26 g, early maturity (110–120 days) , erect, thick, dark green and have V form leaves, 2-3 leaves stay-green at filing grain stage, long-deep root system, resistant to major pests and diseases, slender grains, and good grain and cooking quality. NPT having those characters could yield 9–13 t/ha and more stable in productivity. In 2001, the NPT development has being intensified by utilizing various gene sources from indica, japonica, and wild species of rice. A number of advanced lines have been produced having better characters than that of NPT varieties released such as better grain filling and resistance against major insects and diseases. Since 2004, recurrent selection and anther culture methods have been implemented to harness NPT development. Elit lines having high yield potential have been produced by using these methods.Keywords: Rice, selection, yield, anther culture, double haploid
Co-Authors Soewito Tjokrowidjojo Sularjo Sularjo