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KONSERVASI DAN PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA GENETIK KACANG HIJAU Lukman Hakim
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 27, No 1 (2008): Maret, 2008
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v27n1.2008.p16-23

Conservation and utilization of mungbean genetic resourcesCurrently 1,024 mungbean germplasm accessions consisted of 142 local and 833 introduced varieties, 32 promising lines, and 17 commercial varieties are being maintained in the National Genebank at Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. The seeds of mungbean germplasm are preserved in two types of invironment. The active collections are maintained at 15–18 C as short-term storage, while the base collections are kept at -5 C as mid-term storage. A wide range of variability was observed for all the agronomic characters studied, especially for days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, and seed size. Germplasm evaluation has identified several resistance sources. One accession ( V4281 ) was resistant to beanflies, three accessions were resistant to cercospora leaf spot, and six accessions were resistant to powdery mildew. The variation for protein content of germplasm was not very broad. Two accessions ( VR290 and VR194 ) had the highest protein content of 30%, respectively. Germplasm evaluation also obtained four accessions which had largest seed size and good seed quality. Utilization of mungbean genetic resources has made a significant contribution on mungbean breeding program. Several accessions had been officially released as new cultivars, and a number of accessions have been used as sources of resistance on hybridization program. Currently 19 commercial mungbean varieties have been officially released in the country. oKeywords: Mungbean, genetic resources, conservation, utilization

Pengelolaan Lahan Sawah dan Reorientasi Target Alih Teknologi Usahatani Padi di Jawa Sumarno Sumarno; U. G. Kartasasmita; Lukman Hakim
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 5, No 2 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Pemilik lahan tidak selalu harus melakukan pengelolaan usahatani padi sendiri, apabila memiliki kesempatan usaha di luar pertanian. Untuk memperoleh informasi perubahan status penguasaan lahan dan pengelolaan usahatani padi sawah di sentra produksi padi di Jawa dilakukan penelitian di Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Timur, pada tahun 2009, masing-masing mengambil sampel dua kabupaten sentra produksi padi sawah, di ketiga provinsi tersebut, yakni Karawang dan Subang di Jawa Barat, Klaten dan Boyolali di Jawa Tengah, dan Ngawi dan Pasuruan di Jawa Timur. Setiap kabupaten diwakili oleh dua kecamatan, dan di setiap kecamatan diwawancarai minimal dua kelompok tani responden. Luas pemilikan lahan sawah dari 70% petani responden di tiga provinsi tersebut berkisar antara 0,2-0,4 ha/RTP (rumah tangga petani), yang mengindikasikan kecilnya skala usahatani sebagian besar petani padi di Jawa. Sebanyak 45% petani pemilik lahan menyakapkan lahan sawahnya, dan 55% pemilik lahan berfungsi sebagai petani operator. Tingkat penyakapan lebih dari 50% pemilik lahan terdapat di Klaten dan Boyolali, tetapi hanya 15% di Subang. Di Karawang, Ngawi, dan Pasuruan, penyakapan lahan mencapai 40-48%. Alasan utama pemilik lahan menyakapkan lahan adalah kecilnya pendapatan usahatani padi yang diperoleh dari lahan sempit, sehingga petani pemilik lahan memilih usaha di bidang nonpertanian. Penyakap adalah petani penggarap tanpa lahan, yang memperoleh bagian 25-35% dari hasil panen bersih. Penguasaan teknologi oleh petani penyakap pada umumnya masih rendah, rata-rata 63%. Intensitas kontak antara petani penyakap dengan penyuluh pertanian pada umumnya rendah, informasi teknologi lebih sering diperoleh dari petugas sales atau petani tetangga. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan perlu lebih memprioritaskan kepada petani penyakap dan petani yang memiliki lahan sempit, kurang dari 0,34 ha/RTP, yang merupakan bagian terbesar dari pelaku usahatani padi di Jawa. Masih rendahnya penguasaan teknologi oleh petani memberikan implikasi perlunya peningkatan penguasaan teknologi oleh penyuluh pertanian, dengan meningkatkan hubungan kerja fungsional yang lebih intensif antara penyuluh dengan peneliti. Penyakapan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat porsinya karena banyaknya petani yang tidak mempunyai lahan. Diperlukan ketentuan baku pembagian hasil panen yang saling menguntungkan antara pemilik lahan dan petani penyakap, dan secara keseluruhan perlu dibangun sistem insentif ekonomi bagi petani padi dalam sistem produksi pangan nasional.

KORELASI ANTAR-KARAKTER DAN SIDIK LINTAS ANTARA KOMPONEN HASIL DENGAN HASIL BIJI KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek) Lukman Hakim; Suyamto Suyamto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.504

A total of 10 mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) genotipes including check variety (Vima) were evaluated on rainfed after rice at Ngale Experimental Farm, Ngawi, East Java during early dry season of 2010. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Plot size was 4 m x 5 m, plant spacing was 40 cm x 20 cm, each hill contained two plants. A correlated and path coefficient analyses were used in order to determine the association among characters and quantify the direct and indirect effects of agronomy traits on seed yield. The study has identified 2 promising lines, i.e. MMC342d-3-4 and MMC342d-kp-3-3 produced the highest yield of 2.2 t and 2.0 t/ha respectively and had good adaptation on rainfed. Two varieties (Kutilang and Kenari) having large seed size (>7.5g/100 seed). Therefore, these varieties can be used as source of parents on breeding program. Among the agronomic characters, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and seed size were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield. The direct effect of number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod and seed size to grain yield as indicated by path coefficient were the highest, while other causal effects to grain yield were small or negative. Based on both analyses, mungbean genotipes with high grain yield should have high number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and large seed size. Therefore, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and seed size can be suggested for selection criteria in selecting high yield mungbean genotipes on rainfed.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK, HERTTABILITAS DAN KORELASI BEBERAPA KARAKTER AGRONOMI PADA GALUR F2 HASIL PERSILANGAN KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Lukman Hakim
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v10i1.2047

The F2 progenies of two crosses among three mungbean varieties were evaluated with their parents (Varsha, Park it and Local Belu)at Muara Experimental Station, Bogor during dry season of 2007. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The seed of each F2 progenies and parents were planted in four rows of four meters long.Plant spacing was 40 x 20 cm, each will contained one plant. Among the character studies, days to maturity, seed yield per plant and plant height had the highest coefficient of variability, with the mean of 51.3%, 49.8%, and 49.2% respectively.Number of branches, pod length and number of seed per pod had the lowest coefficient of variability, and the mean were 19.1%, 18.8%, and 17.6%.The heritability estimates of nine agronomic characters studied ranged from IS.6 to 65.2%. Plant height and number of pods per planthad the highest heritability estimates with mean of 65.2% and 58.6% respectively for the two crosses. The mean heritabilityestimate for seeds yield per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod were the lowest of 19.4%, 18.3% and 15.6% respectively. Based on the F2 data, selection of plant height and days to maturity had the highest expected genetic advance of 45.8 and 41.0%.The mean expected genetic advance for pod length and number of seeds per pod were the lowest of 19.4 and 17.4%.Correlation coefficient between grain yield with plant height, number of pods per plant and seed size were positively significant (r = 0.404, 0.613 and 0.422 respectively). Correlation coefficient between grain yield with other agronomic characters were small or negative. Therefore, plant height, number of pods per plant and seed size can be used as the selection criteria in selecting mungbean genotypes for high yield.

KORELASIANTAR-KARAKTER DAN SIDIK LINTAS ANTARA KARAKTER AGRONOMIDENGAN HASIL KEDELAI {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} Lukman Hakim
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 6 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v10i6.1936

A total of 27 soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} genotypes including check variety (Kawi) were evaluated on dry land at Ngale Experimental Farm, Ngawi, East Java during early rainy season of 2009/2010. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plot size was 4 m x 5 m, plant spacing was 40cmx20cm, each hill contained two plants. A correlation and path coefficient analyses were used in order to determine the association among characters and quantify the direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits on seed yield. The study has identified 3 varieties, i.e. Kaba, Wilis and Tanggamus produced the highest yield (>1.6 t/ha) and had good adaptation on dry land. Two varieties (Grobogan and Argomulyo) having large seed size (>15 g/100 seeds), and four varieties,i.e. Tidar, Grobogan, Gepak Ijo and SHR-W60 had early maturity (81days). Therefore, these varieties can be used as source of parents on breeding program. Among the agronomic characters, plant height, number of pods per plant and harvest index were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield. The direct effect of plant height, number of pods per plant and harvest index to grain yield as indicated by path coefficient were the highest, while other causal effects to grain yield were small or negative. Based on both analyses, soybean genotypes with high grain yield should have sufficient plant height, high number of pods per plant and high harvest index. Therefore, plant height, number of pods per plant and harvest index can be suggested for selection criteria in selecting high yield soybean genotypes on dry land.

KONSERVASI DAN PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA GENETIK KACANG HIJAU Lukman Hakim
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 27, No 1 (2008): Maret, 2008
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v27n1.2008.p16-23

Conservation and utilization of mungbean genetic resourcesCurrently 1,024 mungbean germplasm accessions consisted of 142 local and 833 introduced varieties, 32 promising lines, and 17 commercial varieties are being maintained in the National Genebank at Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. The seeds of mungbean germplasm are preserved in two types of invironment. The active collections are maintained at 15–18 C as short-term storage, while the base collections are kept at -5 C as mid-term storage. A wide range of variability was observed for all the agronomic characters studied, especially for days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, and seed size. Germplasm evaluation has identified several resistance sources. One accession ( V4281 ) was resistant to beanflies, three accessions were resistant to cercospora leaf spot, and six accessions were resistant to powdery mildew. The variation for protein content of germplasm was not very broad. Two accessions ( VR290 and VR194 ) had the highest protein content of 30%, respectively. Germplasm evaluation also obtained four accessions which had largest seed size and good seed quality. Utilization of mungbean genetic resources has made a significant contribution on mungbean breeding program. Several accessions had been officially released as new cultivars, and a number of accessions have been used as sources of resistance on hybridization program. Currently 19 commercial mungbean varieties have been officially released in the country. oKeywords: Mungbean, genetic resources, conservation, utilization

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