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I Nyoman Widiarta
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan Jl. Merdeka 147, Bogor, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT

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Genetic Diversity and Virulences of Tungro Viruses on Rice in Indonesia R. Heru Praptana; I Nyoman Widiarta
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Tungro virus disease is endemic in some rice-producing areas in Indonesia. The disease is caused by two different types of viruses, RTBV and RTSV, both are transmitted by green leafhopper. Genetic diversity and degree of virulences of the tungro viruses occur in the endemic areas of geographically diverse environments. Genetic diversity of the viruses do not correlate with their virulences. The virulence of tungro viruses was determined by specific interaction of the two types of tungro viruses, the vectors of the viruses and the resistance type of varieties. Informations on the genetic diversity and virulence of the tungro viruses from various endemic areas are needed to determine the disease control strategy and to apply more appropriate recommendation of resistant varieties. The information is also useful for disease epidemic monitoring and early detection of the presence of tungro viruses, and to be used as a basis in breeding for tungro virus resistant varieties, using conventional or genetic engineering techniques.
Perbaikan Ketahanan Tanaman Padi terhadap Penyakit Tungro Ahmad Muliadi; I Nyoman Widiarta
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Tungro is an important rice disease caused by virus which is transmitted by green leafhopper (Nephotettix spp.) in semipersisten way. Resistant variety when available is considered as an effective control technique and is more environmental friendly. Rice breeding program to overcome the disease initially was aimed to produce green leafhopper resistant varieties. But a few years after releasing the resistant variety, it became susceptible because the green leafhopper could easily adapt to resistant varieties. There was an indication that the virus strains vary greatly. Broadening the genetic background of resistant varieties to green leafhopper and tungro viruses could be an alternative to build more durable resistance varieties. Rice breeding activities for resistance to tungro disease were to be continued to obtain more durable tungro resistant lines. Conventional breeding activities was considered justified, including the selection of tungro resistant lines applying pedigree or backcross methods, followed by observation of resistance genotypes to several strains of virus inoculums and to green leafhoppers. Selected resistant lines from the observation nurseries were followed by yield trials. Resistant lines that showed good yielding potential and good agronomic character would be proposed to be named as new tungro resistant varieties or as sources of tungro resistant genes. Varieties or genotypes that had been produced need to be tested for their resistance to green leafhopper colonies and to some virus strains from source of inoculum derived from endemic areas, to obtain resistance genotypes to be assembled as tungro resistant varieties, to be planted in the virus endemic areas.
Co-Authors Ahmad Muliadi R. Heru Praptana