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. Djumali
Jln. Raya Karangploso km 4, Kotak Pos 199, Malang 65152, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Tanggapan Fisiologi Tanaman Tembakau Temanggung terhadap Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen serta Kaitannya dengan Hasil dan Mutu Rajangan . Djumali
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 4, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v4n1.2012.10-20

Abstract

Tembakau temanggung merupakan tembakau lokal yang berkadar nikotin tinggi. Ketersediaan hara N dalam tanah dapat mempengaruhi hasil dan kandungan nikotin rajangan kering. Percobaan dilakukan di rumah ka-ca Balittas Malang selama Maret–Agustus 2009. Perlakuan terdiri atas 6 dosis pupuk N (0; 1,62; 3,64; 4,86; 6,48; dan 8,10 g N/tanaman) disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap perlakuan dalam satu ulangan terdiri atas 4 pot dan setiap pot diberi pupuk dasar 2,70 g P2O5 + 1,35 kg pupuk kandang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peubah fisiologi tanaman (kandungan N-daun, klorofil, bobot spesifik daun, laju fotosintesis, respirasi, efisiensi cahaya mereduksi CO2 (EF0), dan koefisien respirasi pemeliharaan daun (KRPD)), hasil rajangan kering, dan kandungan nikotin tembakau temanggung dipengaruhi oleh dosis pu-puk N dengan membentuk kurva kuadratik tertutup, dosis maksimum masing-masing sebesar 7,89; 7,89; 54,75; 9,50; 26,25; 21,50; 10,00; 6,08; dan 6,86 g N/tanaman. Peubah fisiologi tanaman yang paling menen-tukan hasil rajangan kering berturut-turut adalah klorofil, N-daun, laju respirasi, dan bobot spesifik daun. Adapun peubah fisiologi tanaman yang paling menentukan kandungan nikotin berturut-turut adalah fotosin-tesis, KRPD, respirasi, dan kandungan klorofil.   Physiological Responses of Temanggung Tobacco to Dose of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Relationship with Dry Slice Yield and Nicotine Content  ABSTRACT Temanggung tobacco is a local tobacco, with high nicotine content. Nitrogen available in soil affects dry sliced yield and nicotine content. The experiment was conducted in glasshouse of IToFCRI Malang from March–August 2009. The treatment consist of six levels of N fertilizer (0, 1.62, 3.64, 4.86, 6.48, and 8.10 g N/plant), were arranged in randomized block design with three replications. Every threatment in one repli-cation received 2.70 g P2O5 + 1.35 kg manure. The results showed that physiological plant parameters (N-leaf, chlorophyll content, specific leaf weight, photosynthesis rate, respiration rate, light efficiency to CO2 re-duction (EF0), and coefficient of leaf maintenance respiration (CLMR)), dry slice yield, and nicotine content were affected by N rates. The response of these parameters on N fertilizer were expressed by closed qua-dratic curves, which maximum rate of N fertilizer were 7.89, 7.89, 54.75, 9.50, 26.25, 21.50, 10.00, 6.08, and 6.86 g N/plant respectively.  Dry sliced yield were affected by chlorophyll content, respiration rate, and specific leaf weight. Nicotine content were affected by photosynthesis rate, CLMR, respiration rate, and chlo-rophyll content.  
Keragaman Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Populasi Tanaman Jarak Pagar IP-3A Elda Nurnasari; . Djumali
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 4, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v4n1.2012.1-9

Abstract

ABSTRAK Potensi produksi jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) provenan Improved Population (IP) merupakan hasil pre-diksi dari produksi individu tanaman terbaik pada umur satu tahun dari suatu populasi tanaman. Sampai saat ini produksi jarak pagar secara aktual masih jauh lebih rendah dari potensinya. Keragaman tanaman diduga menjadi salah satu penyebab kesenjangan tersebut. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kera-gaman pertanaman IP-3A dilakukan pada Agustus–Desember 2010 di Kebun Percobaan Asembagus, Situ-bondo. Pertanaman IP-3A berumur 2 tahun, baik yang berasal dari benih maupun setek diambil 75 contoh ta-naman untuk diamati pertumbuhan dan produksinya. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis keragamannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi biji per tanaman jarak pagar IP-3A, baik yang berasal dari benih maupun setek, sangat beragam. Koefisien keragaman pertumbuhan tanaman yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter kanopi, diameter batang, dan panjang per ruas batang lebih kecil dari 20%, sedangkan jumlah daun, diameter batang utama, panjang batang, volume batang, jumlah ruas ba-tang, dan volume per ruas batang berkisar 20–50%. Koefisien keragaman komponen produksi yaitu jumlah tandan berbuah, jumlah buah per tandan, dan jumlah buah per tanaman berkisar 50−160%. Koefisien kera-gaman produksi biji berkisar 98−160% dengan produksi maksimum sebesar 4,30−8,55 kali produksi rerata-nya. Keragaman produksi biji yang tinggi menyebabkan adanya kesenjangan antara potensi produksi dengan aktualnya. Growth And Yield Variability of Jatropha IP-3A Plant Population ABSTRACT Potential yield of Improved Population (IP) provenances were predicted from the best yield of individual plants in one year old population. In the field, actual yield of jatropha is lower than its potency. The high va-riability in plant population may cause the divergence of the yields. A research to find out production varia-bility of IP-3A was conducted from August to December 2010 at Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbon-do. Seventy five sample plants were taken from IP-3A plantation aged 2 years from seedling and stem cutting. The sample plants were observed for their growth and yield. Variability analysis was used in this research. The result showed that plant growth and yield of jatropha IP-3A plantation, both from seedling and stem cutting were varied. Coefficient variability of plant growth including plant height, canopy diameter, stem diameter, and stem length per internode was less than 20%, whereas those of number of leaves, main stem diameter, stem length, stem volume, number of stem internodes, and volume of stem internodes ranged from 20−50%. The coefficient variability of yield components, including number of fruit bunches, the number of fruits per bunch, and number of fruit per plant ranged from 50−160%. The coefficient variability of yield ranged from 98–160%, which is 4.30 to 8.55 times of the average yields. The high variability of yield may explain the jatropha yield gap between its potency and actual.  
Tanggapan Fisiologi Tanaman Tembakau Temanggung terhadap Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen serta Kaitannya dengan Hasil dan Mutu Rajangan . Djumali
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 4, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.235 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v4n1.2012.10-20

Abstract

Tembakau temanggung merupakan tembakau lokal yang berkadar nikotin tinggi. Ketersediaan hara N dalam tanah dapat mempengaruhi hasil dan kandungan nikotin rajangan kering. Percobaan dilakukan di rumah ka-ca Balittas Malang selama Maret–Agustus 2009. Perlakuan terdiri atas 6 dosis pupuk N (0; 1,62; 3,64; 4,86; 6,48; dan 8,10 g N/tanaman) disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap perlakuan dalam satu ulangan terdiri atas 4 pot dan setiap pot diberi pupuk dasar 2,70 g P2O5 + 1,35 kg pupuk kandang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peubah fisiologi tanaman (kandungan N-daun, klorofil, bobot spesifik daun, laju fotosintesis, respirasi, efisiensi cahaya mereduksi CO2 (EF0), dan koefisien respirasi pemeliharaan daun (KRPD)), hasil rajangan kering, dan kandungan nikotin tembakau temanggung dipengaruhi oleh dosis pu-puk N dengan membentuk kurva kuadratik tertutup, dosis maksimum masing-masing sebesar 7,89; 7,89; 54,75; 9,50; 26,25; 21,50; 10,00; 6,08; dan 6,86 g N/tanaman. Peubah fisiologi tanaman yang paling menen-tukan hasil rajangan kering berturut-turut adalah klorofil, N-daun, laju respirasi, dan bobot spesifik daun. Adapun peubah fisiologi tanaman yang paling menentukan kandungan nikotin berturut-turut adalah fotosin-tesis, KRPD, respirasi, dan kandungan klorofil.   Physiological Responses of Temanggung Tobacco to Dose of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Relationship with Dry Slice Yield and Nicotine Content  ABSTRACT Temanggung tobacco is a local tobacco, with high nicotine content. Nitrogen available in soil affects dry sliced yield and nicotine content. The experiment was conducted in glasshouse of IToFCRI Malang from March–August 2009. The treatment consist of six levels of N fertilizer (0, 1.62, 3.64, 4.86, 6.48, and 8.10 g N/plant), were arranged in randomized block design with three replications. Every threatment in one repli-cation received 2.70 g P2O5 + 1.35 kg manure. The results showed that physiological plant parameters (N-leaf, chlorophyll content, specific leaf weight, photosynthesis rate, respiration rate, light efficiency to CO2 re-duction (EF0), and coefficient of leaf maintenance respiration (CLMR)), dry slice yield, and nicotine content were affected by N rates. The response of these parameters on N fertilizer were expressed by closed qua-dratic curves, which maximum rate of N fertilizer were 7.89, 7.89, 54.75, 9.50, 26.25, 21.50, 10.00, 6.08, and 6.86 g N/plant respectively.  Dry sliced yield were affected by chlorophyll content, respiration rate, and specific leaf weight. Nicotine content were affected by photosynthesis rate, CLMR, respiration rate, and chlo-rophyll content.  
Keragaman Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Populasi Tanaman Jarak Pagar IP-3A Elda Nurnasari; . Djumali
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 4, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (445.727 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v4n1.2012.1-9

Abstract

ABSTRAK Potensi produksi jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) provenan Improved Population (IP) merupakan hasil pre-diksi dari produksi individu tanaman terbaik pada umur satu tahun dari suatu populasi tanaman. Sampai saat ini produksi jarak pagar secara aktual masih jauh lebih rendah dari potensinya. Keragaman tanaman diduga menjadi salah satu penyebab kesenjangan tersebut. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kera-gaman pertanaman IP-3A dilakukan pada Agustus–Desember 2010 di Kebun Percobaan Asembagus, Situ-bondo. Pertanaman IP-3A berumur 2 tahun, baik yang berasal dari benih maupun setek diambil 75 contoh ta-naman untuk diamati pertumbuhan dan produksinya. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis keragamannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi biji per tanaman jarak pagar IP-3A, baik yang berasal dari benih maupun setek, sangat beragam. Koefisien keragaman pertumbuhan tanaman yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter kanopi, diameter batang, dan panjang per ruas batang lebih kecil dari 20%, sedangkan jumlah daun, diameter batang utama, panjang batang, volume batang, jumlah ruas ba-tang, dan volume per ruas batang berkisar 20–50%. Koefisien keragaman komponen produksi yaitu jumlah tandan berbuah, jumlah buah per tandan, dan jumlah buah per tanaman berkisar 50−160%. Koefisien kera-gaman produksi biji berkisar 98−160% dengan produksi maksimum sebesar 4,30−8,55 kali produksi rerata-nya. Keragaman produksi biji yang tinggi menyebabkan adanya kesenjangan antara potensi produksi dengan aktualnya. Growth And Yield Variability of Jatropha IP-3A Plant Population ABSTRACT Potential yield of Improved Population (IP) provenances were predicted from the best yield of individual plants in one year old population. In the field, actual yield of jatropha is lower than its potency. The high va-riability in plant population may cause the divergence of the yields. A research to find out production varia-bility of IP-3A was conducted from August to December 2010 at Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbon-do. Seventy five sample plants were taken from IP-3A plantation aged 2 years from seedling and stem cutting. The sample plants were observed for their growth and yield. Variability analysis was used in this research. The result showed that plant growth and yield of jatropha IP-3A plantation, both from seedling and stem cutting were varied. Coefficient variability of plant growth including plant height, canopy diameter, stem diameter, and stem length per internode was less than 20%, whereas those of number of leaves, main stem diameter, stem length, stem volume, number of stem internodes, and volume of stem internodes ranged from 20−50%. The coefficient variability of yield components, including number of fruit bunches, the number of fruits per bunch, and number of fruit per plant ranged from 50−160%. The coefficient variability of yield ranged from 98–160%, which is 4.30 to 8.55 times of the average yields. The high variability of yield may explain the jatropha yield gap between its potency and actual.  
Co-Authors Elda Nurnasari