<![CDATA[Fauzi Hestia Prayitno, Dr. Adi Kusumaningrum, S.H., M.S., Dony Aditya Prasetyo, S.H., M.H Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya Email : fauzihestiap@gmail.com  Abstrak Kegiatan eksplorasi ruang angkasa dari masa ke masa mengalami banyak perkembangan seiring dengan peningkatan ekonomi dan teknologi serta ilmu pengetahuan. Perkembangan ini mendorong masyarakat internasional untuk ikut serta dalam kegiatan eksplorasi ruang angkasa serta menjadi dasar pembentukan peraturan mengenai kegiatan luar angkasa, yaitu Treaty On Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty) tahun 1967, disusul oleh beberapa peraturan salah satunya adalah Liability Convention 1972 mengenai tanggungjawab serta ganti rugi jika terjadi kecelakan dalam kegiatan eksplorasi ruang angkasa yang menimbulkan kerugian pada pihak-pihak tertentu dan Registration Convention 1976 yang mengatur mengenai kewajiban Negara untuk melakukan pendaftaran terhadap benda-benda angkasa yang mereka luncurkan keluar angkasa. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, eksplorasi ruang angkasa menimbulkan suatu masalah ketika melaksanakan In-Orbit Transfer of Ownership terhadap benda angkasa yang mereka luncurkan. Kegiatan In-Orbit Transfer of Ownership merupakan kegiatan pemindahan kepemilikan suatu benda angkasa dari Negara peluncur ke sesama peluncur atau dari Negara peluncur ke negara yang bukan negara peluncur. Masalah yang dimaksud hanya terjadi ketika kegiatan In-Orbit Transfer of Ownership yang melibatkan negara peluncur dengan negara yang bukan negara peluncur, masalah yang terjadi adalah kegiatan tersebut melibatkan subjek baru dan mempengaruhi jalannya pertanggungjawaban serta kewajiban yang khususnya di atur dalam Liability Convention dan Registration Convention yang dimana didalam peraturan tersebut hanya mengenal subjek Launching State yang dibebankan untuk melaksanakan kewajiban melakukan ganti rugi jika terjadi kerugian-kerugian yang menimpa pihak lain serta kewajiban untuk memenuhi prosedur pendaftaran untuk menjadi State of Registry. Kata kunci: Negara, Tanggung Jawab, In-Orbit Transfer of Ownership, Satelit  Abstract The outer space exploration activity from time to time had been improving in many ways, following the growth of economy, technology, as well as science. This improvement had led the international community to be involved in outer space exploration activity, and later became the main background of regulation forming regarding such exploration, known as Treaty On Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty) of 1967. This event then followed with the issuance of other related regulations, including the Liability Convention of 1972 on responsibilities and compensations of damages caused by the launched space object in outer space for the affected parties, and Registration Convention 1976 on the obligation of states to regist every launched space object in outer space. However in the implementation of those treaty and conventions, the issue emerged regarding In-Orbit Transfer of Ownership activity. This activity known as a transferring activity of a launched space object between launching parties, as well as parties outside the joint launching states. The issue appeared when the transferree was not a Launching State, affecting the liability and registration concept ruled in Liability Convention and Registration Convention which only recognized Launching State to be charged with the liability of compensations and the obligation of being a State of Registry. Keywords: State, Responsibility, In-Orbit Transfer of Ownership, Satellite]]>
