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URGENSI PENGATURAN HAKIM PEMERIKSA PENDAHULUAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENJAMINAN TERPENUHINYA HAK-HAK TERSANGKA DALAM PROSES PERKARA PIDANA Kartika Aji
Kumpulan Jurnal Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Sarjana Ilmu Hukum, Mei 2021
Publisher : Kumpulan Jurnal Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum

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Abstract

Kartika Aji, Prija Djatmika. Solehuddin Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang e-mail: kartikaaji13@gmail.com ABSTRAKPada penulisan skripsi ini, penulis mengangkat suatu topik berkaitan dengan kedudukan Hakim pemeriksa pendahuluan di dalam sistem hukum pidana di Indonesia. penelitian ini dilator belakangi oleh banyaknya kasus akan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dari para penegak hukum didalam berjalannya suatu proses perkara pidana. Padahal sebagaimana diketahui bahwa Indonesia merupakan sebuah Negara hukum yang oleh sebab itu pengakuan dan perlindungan akan hak asasi manusia harus menjadi porsi utama didalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara di Indonesia. Hal ini dipertegas didalam konstitusi pasal 28D ayat (1) yang memberikan jaminan, perlindungan, dan kepastian hukum yang adil dan penerapan asas persamaan dimata hukum. Disisi lain, Lembaga praperadilan dianggap tidak mampu mengakomodir kebutuhan keadilan dari masyarakat, terkesan hanya mengedepankan kebenaran formil dibandingkan materiil dan juga sifatnya yang post factum sehingga terkesan represif dibandingkan preventif.Penelitian kali ini merupakan suatu penelitian Normatif dengan tujuan menggali ide-ide pada suatu norma. Hakim pemeriksa pendahuluan diatur pada RUU KUHAP tahun 2012 pada pasal 111 hingga pasal 122. Hakim pemeriksa pendahuluan akan menjadi suatu Lembaga yang berada di tahap awal proses pidana dengan kewenangan diantara menetapkan sah atau tidaknya penangkapan, penahanan, penggeledahan, penyitaan, atau penyadapan. Keberadaan hakim pemeriksa pendahuluan menjadi penting di karenakan prinsip perlindungan hak asasi manusia merupakan tujuan utama dari suatu negara hukum. Selain itu Indonesia juga memiliki tanggung jawab untuk mengakmodir norma dari konvensi-konvensi yang telah diratifikasinya. Guna mendapat gambaran yang jelas maka patutlah untuk melihat negara-negara yang telah menerapkan lemabga serupa. Dalam penelitian kali ini penulis memilih Lembaga Rechter commissaris di Belanda dan Judge d’ Instruction di Perancis. Kedua Lembaga tersebut sangatlah layak dijadikan percontohan yang tentu dengan penyesuaian terhadap kultur dan budaya hukum di Indonesia. Beranjak dari keinginan masyarakat akan proses penegakan hukum dan aparat penegak hukum yang berkeadilan, maka otoritas legislative patutlah untuk dengan segera melakukan kajian akan hakim pemeriksa pendahuluan. dan sebagai bahan pertimbangan patutlah jika kita melihat negara-negara yang telah sukses dalam menjalankan Lembaga serupa. Kata Kunci: Hakim Pemeriksa Pendahuluan, Hak Tersangka ABSTRACTThis research studies the position of a judge in a preliminary investigation in the system of criminal law in Indonesia. Several cases indicating the violation of human rights committed by law enforcers in the process of a criminal case are getting more obvious, while it is commonly known that Indonesia is a state of law, and the recognition and protection of human rights must receive ample attention in the state. This is asserted in the Constitution Article 28D paragraph (1), ensuring just guarantee, protection, and legal certainty and equality before law. On the other hand, judicial body is deemed incapable of accommodating justice in the society, and it is seemingly believed to only prioritize procedural appropriateness over substantial one. Its post factum seems to be more repressive rather than preventive. This research was conducted based on normative method aiming to discover ideas of a norm. Judges responsibility in a preliminary investigation is governed in the bill of Criminal Code Procedure of 2012, Article 111 to Article 122. The judges assigned to preliminary investigation serve in the preliminary criminal case process at which they are authorised to decide whether arrests, detentions, search, seizure, or interception are licit. The existence of the judges at preliminary investigation is considered vital since the principle of human rights protection is the main objective of a state of law. Moreover, Indonesia also has the responsibility to accommodate the norms of the conventions it has ratified. To obtain a clear description, it is essential that the country refer to others that also implement the same judicial system. This research refers to Rechter commissaris in the Netherlands and Judge de Instruction in France, both of which are highly suitable for comparison under the condition that adjustment to the culture of Indonesia is also taken into account. Departing from the expectation of the people regarding law enforcement process and just law enforcers, it is recommended that legislative authority immediately conduct studies on judges of preliminary investigation by comparing the system to other countries successfully conducting a similar process. Keywords: Judges, Defendant rights
PENGARUH INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM (Studi Pada perusahaan food and Beverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia) Kartika Aji; Nur Khusniyah I
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB Vol 3, No 2: Semester Genap 2014/2015
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Investment is the number of funds or other resources  were done at this time, with the goal of obtaining a number of advantages  in the future. Basically the purpose of investors to invest is to get a return.  One alternative  investments can be made in the stock market. Stock returns  are  influenced by the rate  of growth and the company's  capital  structure policy. This study aims to determine the effect of investment opportunity set and capital structure to stock return, and the effect of investment opportunity set to capital structure. The population  used in this study are all food and beverages  company listed on the Indonesia   Stock  Exchange   during   the  period   2009-2014.   Sampling  with  purposive sampling method of determining  the sample with the criteria  that have been established and obtained a sample of 8 companies. The data analysis technique used is using partial least square method. The results  showed that the investment opportunity  set does not have a significant effect on stock returns,  while the capital  structure  does not have a significant  effect on stock returns  and  investment opportunity  set does not have a  significant  effect on the capital structure.   Keywords : stock return, investment opportunity set, capital structure