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All Journal Spektrum Hukum Notaire ADIL : Jurnal Hukum Hang Tuah Law Journal Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan
Christiani Widowati
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga Surabaya
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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MODEL KONSTRUKSI HUKUM YURISPRUDENSI BAKU PIARA SEBAGAI PERKAWINAN ADAT MASYARAKAT MINAHASA Christiani Widowati
Jurnal Spektrum Hukum PMIH UNTAG Semarang Vol 13, No 2 (2016): Jurnal SPEKTRUM HUKUM
Publisher : PMIH Untag Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (240.159 KB) | DOI: 10.35973/sh.v13i2.1084

Abstract

Hakim memiliki andil yang besar dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia melalui yurisprudensi yang dihasilkannya.Yurisprudensi merupakan salah satu sumber hukum dalam sistem hukum Indonesia yang menganut civil law system,meskipun yang menjadi prioritas utama sumber hukum adalah peraturan perundang-undangan, namun tidak dapat dipungkiri banyak dijumpai ketidak lengkapan peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada, sedangkan dinamika masyarakat terus berjalan dan di sisi lain adanya kewajiban hakim untuk memeriksa, mengadili, dan memutus perkara yang ada dihadapannya tanpa boleh menolak mengadili sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman. Andil yurispnidensi ini akan semakin terlihat dalam perkara hukum waris adat', dimana pengaturan hukum waris adat bersum berlangsung dari nilai-nilai yang hidup di masyarakat sebagai living law yang tidak tertuang dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Untuk lebih fokus dalam telaah artikel ini maka akan dibatasi kajian ini pada metode yang digunakan hakim dalam mengkonstniksikan hukum sehingga melahirkan putusan yurispnidensi atas perkara tentang hukum waris adat Minahasa-Manado yang telah diputus oleh Mahkamah Agung dengan nomor putusan 3199K/Pdt/1986 terkait dengan adanya hubungan Baku Piara yang diakui sebagai lembaga perkawinan adat Minahasa. Tentunya ketika memutus perkara yang belum ada pengaturannya, hakim senantiasa mengindahkan nilai-nilai yang hidup di masyarakat agar putusan tersebut dapat memenuhi rasa keadilan masyarakat pada umumnya.
HUKUM SEBAGAI NORMA SOSIAL MEMILIKI SIFAT MEWAJIBKAN Christiani Widowati
Jurnal ADIL Vol 4, No 1 (2013): ADIL : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 4 No.1
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (259.813 KB) | DOI: 10.33476/ajl.v4i1.31

Abstract

AbstractNaturally, human beings are social creatures; they are unable to live alone and therefore need to socialize to fulfill their needs and meet their interest. The presence of law as social norm serves as a regulating tool in social life. Law is a legal reference of how social members should behave to establish social justice and—ultimately—to sustain social life. Principally, law gains its effectiveness when it is accepted by the society. Such acceptance may refer to either external or internal acceptance. External acceptance merely emphasizes on the formal aspects, meaning that the law and its compulsory power to give sanctions are inseparable. In this perspective, law is perceived to be compulsory. Internal acceptance, on the other hand, emphasizes more on substantial aspects, which are indeed projected to uphold social justice. Such acceptance is obligatory in nature. This kind of acceptance which is self-internalized and self-evaluated by each community member is the ideal form of acceptance.Keywords: society, social creature, internal social acceptance, compulsory, evaluative, internalizationAbstrakSecara alamiah, manusia adalah makhluk sosial yang tidak bisa hidup sendiri sehingga setiap manusia selalu hidup bermasyarakat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan kepentingannya. Keberadaan hukum sebagai norma sosial, adalah untuk mengatur kehidupan bermasyarakat. Hukum sebagai tatanan atau pedoman dalam bertingkah laku ditujukan untuk mengatur tingkah laku manusia dalam hidup bermasyarakat dalam rangka melindungi kehidupan bermasyarakat dan lebih lanjut untuk mempertahankan kehidupan bermasyarakat. Pada prinsipnya, hukum barulah mendapatkan keberlakuannya ketika masyarakat menerimanya. Penerimaan ini baru bisa bermakna penerimaan secara eksternal maupun internal. Penerimaan secara eksternal hanyalah memberikan perhatian terhadap sisi formalitas atau bentuk hukum tersebut yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan daya paksa yang melekat pada hukum berupa sanksi bagi yang melanggarnya, maka hukum dimaknai sebagai suatu paksaan. Namun di sisi lain penerimaan secara internal lebih kepada penerimaan hukum yang tidak hanya secara formalitas tapi lebih kepada sisi substansial. Sehingga hukum secara substansial, memanglah bertujuan untuk melindungi kepentingan masyarakat yang dengan demikian hukum memiliki sifat mewajibkan. Proses penerimaan melalui internalisasi yang bersifat evaluatif terhadap hukum inilah yang hendaknya dimiliki oleh setiap anggota masyarakat.  Kata kunci: masyarakat, makhluk sosial, penerimaan hukum secara internal, kewajiban, evaluatif-internalisasi
The Law of Judiciary Power Synergizing the Positivism and Historicism Christiani Widowati; Indira Retno Aryatie
Hang Tuah Law Journal VOLUME 2 ISSUE 1, APRIL 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Hang Tuah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30649/htlj.v2i1.179

Abstract

Judiciary Power. Indonesia applies Civil Law System; that considers legislation as the primary legal source. Preferring legislation as a legal source is one characteristic of positivism. The Civil Law System, however, mentions that judges are obligated to see the values in society if the legislation does not set for that. It implicitly refers to societal law, including common Law. Taking the common law as a legal source is the characteristic of historicism as well; mentioning that the soul of a nation (volkgeist) derives from the values living in society. Basically, these two schools are contradictory to one another in their perspective of law. Positivism sees that state-made law is the only applied law. The law of Judiciary Power synergies between these two schools and takes a common low as a legal source for judges to make a decision.
NALAR MAZHAB SOSIOLOGIS DALAM PENEMUAN HUKUM YANG BERKEADILAN OLEH HAKIM Widowati, Christiani; Herliana, Herliana
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The issue of justice is a philosophical and contemporary issue. As a philosophical study, justice is examined from several schools of thoughts within the philosophy of law. This study focuses on the sociological jurisprudence discipline which basically states that law as a social norm which is inseparable from the values prevailing in a society because there is a close correlation between law and society. In relation to judicial authority, the denotation of justice in the judge's decision is that it should be in accordance with the law prevailing in the community. This research was conducted through the statute approach method by collecting and analyzing laws and regulations related to the focus of this study, complemented by a conceptual approach based on the legal principles found in the laws and regulations and legal doctrines. Thus, it is perceivable that the sociological jurisprudence is the synthesis of the dialectical studies between normative and positivist views on the legal findings made by judges by interpreting justice as an accord between judges' decisions and legal values living in the society.
Case Law and the Principle of Freedom of Judicial Power in the Law Finding by Judges Widowati, Christiani
Notaire Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): NOTAIRE
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ntr.v7i3.62117

Abstract

Case law is a complementary source of law for law finding carried out by judges. The tendency of judges to refer to case law is intended so that judges’ decisions have a predictable nature and eliminate disparities in judges’ decisions. On the other hand, the principle of freedom of judicial power is a condition sine qua non for law enforcement and justice through judges’ law finding as the implementation of judicial power. The position of case law is a manifestation of legal certainty for judges’ decisions and a denial of judges’ freedom when deciding cases. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the position of case law as a source of law for judges to use in law finding. The statute approach method by examining laws and regulations and judges’ decisions related to the focus of this study, then complemented by a conceptual approach by moving on to legal principles that can be found in laws and regulations, judges’ decisions, and legal doctrines, it is understood that judges’ law finding are essentially aimed at upholding justice so that judges are not fixated on the provisions of laws and regulations or case law. Justice is the starting point for judges’ law finding; then judges construct legal norms that are stated into their decisions.
Co-Authors Herliana Herliana Indira Retno Aryatie