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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
Nanda Ayu Puspita
Nanda Ayu Puspita Adalah Dosen Bagian Biokimia Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Syiah Kuala
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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KEMOPREVENSI UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KANKER : FAKTA ATAU MITOS? Nanda Ayu Puspita
Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala Vol 16, No 2 (2016): Volume 16 Nomor 2 Agustus 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Abstrak.Kemoprevensimasihmenjadiberdebatan dalam dunia kedokteran. Seperti halnya pencegahan penyakit pada umumnya, kemoprevensi diarahkan untuk menghambat atau memutarbalikkan proses perubahan sel-sel normal menjadi sel-sel ganas (karsinogenesis), dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan tentang patogenesis kanker, tahapan perkembangan sel kanker, dan penemuan biomarker sebagai penanda kanker. Berbagai uji klinis telah menunjukkan hasil negative maupun hasil positif kemoprevensi, untuk pencegahan kanker payudara, kanker kolon,kanker prostat, dan berbagai macam kanker lainnya. Akan tetapi, sampai saat ini kemoprevensi masih belum bisa diterima secara luas, bukan hanya karena hasil akhirnya yang masih menjadi tanda tanya, namun juga perlu mempertimbangkan keuntungan dan kerugian pemberian kemoprevensi yang notabene akan diberikan pada populasi yang tergolong sehat. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini akan mengupas kedua sisi kemoprevensi, untuk dapat memberikan gambaran dibalik pro dan kontra pencegahan kanker. (JKS 2016; 2: 112-119) Kata kunci : Kemoprevensi, kanker.Abstract. The experts are still debating about cancer chemoprevention. With regards to the prevention of disease, the aim of chemoprevention is to inhibit or reverse the development of cancerous cells from healthy and normal cells (carcinogenesis), by exploiting the advance knowledge of cancer pathogenesis, cancer cell development, and the discovery of cancer biomarkers. A vast number of clinical trials have reported both side of negative and positive results from chemoprevention, for reducing the incidence of breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and many more. Nevertheless, chemoprevention is not widely accepted, attributed to the big question of the endpoint to demonstrate the meaningful preventive effect, and the risk-and-benefit of chemoprevention, as the intervention is given to relatively healthy population. Accordingly, this review will expose both aspects of chemoprevention, in order to provide a wider picture behind the controversial of cancer chemoprevention. (JKS 2016; 2: 112-119)Keywords : Chemoprevention, cancer.
The effect of Phyllanthus niruri L extracts on human leukemic cell proliferation and apoptosis induction Nanda Ayu Puspita; Hasen Alhebshi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 30 No 4, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm30iss4pp241

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of Phyllanthus niruri Linn (Euphorbiaceae) in the proliferation of human leukemic cells (MOLT-4 and K562).Methods: Phyllanthus niruri L (P.niruri) was macerated by using various solvents to obtain the crude extracts. Cytotoxicity of the extracts against MOLT-4 and K562 cells was tested using MTT assay to find the IC50 value. To analyse cell cycle progression, cellular DNA was measured using propidium iodide (PI) staining. Apoptosis induction was evaluated using Annexin V-FITC and PI staining and analysed using FACSVerse flow cytometry. Finally, the expression of p53 on MOLT-4 and K562 cell lysate was measured by western blotting, to identify the possible mode of action of the anticancer activity.Results: P. niruri crude extracts demonstrated a potential anti-cancer effect towards MOLT-4 cells (IC50 range was 42.21 ± 4.98 to 97.06 ± 18.29 µg/ml). However, against K562 cells, P.niruri extracts exhibited a lower inhibitory potency (the IC50 was 120.19 ± 8.48 to 256.55 ± 26.22 µg/ml). The results showed the selectivity of the toxic effect of the extracts against MOLT-4 and K562.  To evaluate the possible mechanism of action the anticancer effect, we evaluated P. niruri extract action in apoptosis induction and p53 expression. The results showed that methanol and hexane extract inhibited MOLT-4 cell progression from G1 to S-phase, indicating G1 cell arrest. Moreover, apoptotic cell population following treatment of MOLT-4 and K562 cells with methanol extract was markedly increased, showing morphological signs of apoptosis including membrane degradation and chromatin condensation. Furthermore, we found that there was an increase in p53 expression following MOLT-4 treatment with methanol extract, suggesting that p53 induction may be involved in cell apoptosis.Conclusions: The results indicated the involvement of p53 pathway in the mechanism of anti-cancer activity exerted by P. niruri extract on MOLT-4 cells. However, for cancer cells lacking P53 expression, such as K562 cells, apoptosis might take place via other pathways.
Co-Authors Hasen Alhebshi