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Pengembangan Sistem Kontrol Traksi Mobil Elektrik Berbasis Rekonstruksi Keadaan Kecepatan Model Roda Pratikto Pratikto; Yul Yunazid Nazaruddin; Edi Leksono; Zainal Abidin
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power and Vehicular Technology Vol 1, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

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Abstract

In  this  paper  the  development  of  electric  vehicle  traction  control  based  on  state  of  speed  reconstruction  of vehicle model that has the same acceleration condition between tire and chassis is studied. Vehicle is accelerated if the friction force takes place between tire and road. However, the traction force decreases even tends to zero on slippery road and torque input produces a large slip. Evidently, tire slip can be reduced by decreasing the applied torque to the tire. So the basic principle of the proposed method here compares the real vehicle tire speed condition with the model to determine the torque in order to reduce the slip. Tire speed is controlled in order to follow the reference value that is calculated from the model. Tire torque input then can be controlled by applying the feedback that is obtained from the difference value of speed between model and real tire. Implementation of this method on a real vehicle shows that the control method effectively controls the tire speed of vehicle to follow the reference and reducing the slip. From the experiment the control  system performance in reducing slip has the result  of 9.8% for maximum overshoot, 3.1 second for rise time, and 8 second for settling time. 
IMU Application in Measurement of Vehicle Position and Orientation for Controlling a Pan-Tilt Mechanism Hendri Maja Saputra; Zainal Abidin; Estiko Rijanto
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power and Vehicular Technology Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/j.mev.2013.v4.41-50

Abstract

This paper describes a modeling and designing of inertial sensor using Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to measure the position and orientation of a vehicle motion. Sensor modeling is used to derive the vehicle attitude models where the sensor is attached while the sensor design is used to obtain the data as the input to control the angles of a pan-tilt mechanism with 2 degrees of freedom. Inertial sensor Phidget Spatial 3/3/3, which is a combination of 3-axis gyroscope, 3-axis accelerometer and 3-axis magnetometer, is used as the research object. Software for reading the sensor was made by using Matlab™. The result shows that the software can be applied to the sensor in the real-time reading process. The sensor readings should consider several things i.e. (a) sampling time should not be less than 32 ms and (b) deviation ratio between measurement noise (r) and process noise (q) for the parameters of Kalman filter is 1:5 (i.e. r = 0.08 and q = 0.4).
Pemodelan, Pengujian, dan Analisis Getaran Torsional dari Perangkat Uji Sistem Poros-Rotor Zainal Abidin; Haleyna Arstianti
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2008): OCTOBER 2008
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Vibrations of rotating machinary can be classified as translational and rotational. The vibrations occurred in rotational direction are commonly classified as torsional vibration. Torsional vibration can cause fatigue damage of shaft, coupling, or gear. In this paper, a method for measuring torsional vibration is proposed. This method uses two incremental encoders and an algorithm to process the data. To show its effectiveness, the method was implemented to measure torsional vibration of a rotor shaft system. The paper also shows the torsional vibration characteristics of of the system. To predict the torsional natural frequencies of the system, a finite elemen model was developed using Ansys Workbench 11 and the results was validite using a torsional FRF test. The measurement was performed a range of rotational speed to enable a spectral map can be constructed. There were two types of flexible couplings used in this work, a hose coupling and a rubber jaw coupling. The results of the experiment show that the proposed method can be implemented very well to measure the torsional vibration of the rotor shaft-system. In addition, the torsional vibration of the rotor shaft system has a similar characteristics to that of translational vibration, in which vibration signal is dominated by component with frequency of 1xRPM. The results also show that the level of torsional vibration depends on the type of flexible coupling being used. Due to low torsional stiffness, hose coupling produce low natural frequencies than those of jaw coupling. As a consequence, hose coupling are liable to higher vibration than jaw coupling. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia: Getaran yang terjadi pada mesin dapat berupa getaran translasi maupun rotasi. Getaran yang terjadi dalam arah rotasi sering disebut sebagai getaran torsional. Getaran torsional dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya gagal lelah pada poros, kopling, maupun roda gigi. Dalam makalah ini, diusulkan sebuah metode pengukuran getaran torsional dengan dua buah enkoder. Untuk menunjukkan kemampuannya, metode ini diterapkan untuk mengukur getaran torsional pada sebuah perangkat uji sistem poros rotor. Selain itu juga akan ditunjukkan perilaku getaran torsional yang terjadi. Untuk mengetahui frekuensi pribadi torsional obyek uji, dilakukan pemodelan metoda elemen hingga dengan perangkat lunak Ansys Workbench 11, sedangkan untuk memvalidasinya dilakukan pengujian FRF (Fungsi Respon Frekuensi) torsional. Di sini, pengujian getaran torsional dilakukan pada beberapa kecepatan putar sehingga dapat diperoleh grafik spektral map. Dalam pengujian ini digunakan dua jenis kopling fleksibel, yaitu kopling selang dan kopling cakar. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode pengukuran getaran torsional yang diusulkan dapat diterapkan dengan baik pada sistem poros rotor. Selain itu, juga terungkap bahwa karakteristik getaran torsional mirip dengan getaran translasi, dimana getaran didominasi oleh komponen sinyal 1xRPM. Hasil yang diperoleh juga menunjukkan bahwa level getaran torsional yang terjadi dipengaruhi oleh jenis kopling yang digunakan. Karena kekakuannya lebih rendah, kopling selang menghasilkan frekuensi pribadi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kopling cakar. Akibatnya, level getaran torsional yang terjadi pada kopling selang cenderung lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan kopling cakar. Kata kunci: Pemodelan, getaran torsional, sistem poros rotor.