Faiq Tobroni
Fakultas Syari’ah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Kalijaga

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AGAMA DAN HAK MILIK SEBAGAI SPIRIT PERLAWANAN RAKYAT SEMESTA DALAM PERANG DIPONEGORO Faiq Tobroni; Fatma Amilia
Dinamika Penelitian: Media Komunikasi Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan Vol 19 No 2 (2019): Dinamika Penelitian
Publisher : LP2M IAIN Tulungagung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21274/dinamika.2019.19.2.326-348

Abstract

The causes of the Diponegoro War or the Java War often get a disproportionate reading. Amongs are the assumptions that interpret the war as Diponegoro's struggle to protect his personal interests (land security) or also the presumption that saw the war to establish an Islamic state. This assumption turned out to be very contradictory to the process of the war. In the war that occurred for five years (1825-1830 AD), it turned out that the backbone of the Diponegoro army was ordinary people (not the army of the Ngayogyakarta Palace). This fact suggests that the war was a universal people's defense consisting of several layers of society (santri, jawara, nobility, etc.). This fact undermines the assumption that the cause of war is religious exclusivism and the interests of Diponegoro's personal priperty. By conducting library research through reading the Volume 1-4 of the Diponegoro Chronicle of Manado and other relevant main works, the researcher found that the causes of the war included the struggle to defend the honor of religion and the state which was symbolized in the public interest. The religious aspect is aimed at the spirit of sub-fertilizing religious elements in the form of resistance to tyrannical actions and the practice of immorality. The public interest is addressed by the spirit of struggle for the property right that is transformed into a spirit of resistance to extortion with an offer of prosperity. The land conflict and the demolition of Diponegoro's residence in Tegalrejo became a symbol of the seizure of property rights which had actually been in the form of extortion to the people in the name of taxes. The feeling of the same boat aroused awareness of ordinary people, santri, jawara and Diponegoro supporters to fight together (universal people's struggle). Keywords: Diponegoro War, Religion, Property Rights, Universal People's Struggle.
ASAS PROPORSIONALITAS SEBAGAI MODERASI PANDANGAN HUKUM DIAMETRAL Faiq Tobroni
Jurnal Yudisial Vol 11, No 3 (2018): PARI PASSU
Publisher : Komisi Yudisial RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29123/jy.v11i3.313

Abstract

ABSTRAKAdanya pandangan hukum diametral tidak bisa dihindari dalam penegakan hukum. Sebagai contoh terdapat dalam Putusan Nomor 0156/Pdt.P/2013/PA.JS. Kasus ini dianalisis dengan mempertimbangkan pandangan hukum diametral. Penelitian ini mempunyai rumusan masalah apakah asas hukum yang terefleksikan dari pertimbangan hukum yang dikonstruksikan hakim untuk menyikapi hak keperdataan anak hasil hubungan gelap, serta bagaimana kasus tersebut ditinjau dari asas tersebut? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normative. Pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Nomor 0156/Pdt.P/2013/PA.JS menunjukkan adanya penerapan asas proporsionalitas. Penerapan asas tersebut direfleksikan dari pertimbangan hukum yang mengkompromikan semangat liberalisasi dan pembatasan hak keperdataan. Semangat liberalisasi berakar pada kemutlakan hak asasi manusia yang didukung pandangan universalisme hak asasi manusia. Sementara semangat pembatasan berakar pada sakralitas munakahat Islam yang didukung pandangan relativisme hak asasi manusia. Dengan asas tersebut, majelis hakim menyetujui beberapa hak keperdataan yang termasuk hak sakral dalam munakahat Islam. Solusinya, majelis hakim hanya memberikan hak pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup dan wasiat wajibah kepada anak hasil hubungan gelap. Putusan dan pertimbangan hukum tersebut memenuhi empat indikator asas proporsionalitas sebagai moderasi pandangan hukum diametral, yaitu: necessity, legitimate goal of law, rational achievement, dan balancing.Kata kunci: asas proporsionalitas, hak keperdataan, hak asasi manusia, munakahat Islam, anak hasil hubungan gelap. ABSTRACTThe application of a diametric legal view cannot be avoided in law enforcement. For an example, the case of Court Decision Number 0156/Pdt.P/2013/PA.JS. This case is analyzed by considering the diametric legal point of view. This research problem statement is that what kind of legal principle reflected in the legal considerations of judges in order to address the civil rights of extramarital children and how the case is viewed from principles? This study uses normative legal research methods. Legal considerations in Court Decision Number 0156/Pdt.P/2013/PA.JS indicates the application of proportionality principle. Application of this principle is reflected from the legal considerations that compromise the spirit of liberalization and restriction of civil rights. The spirit of liberalization is rooted in the absolution of human rights supported by universalism view of human rights. Meanwhile, the spirit of restrictions is rooted in the sacredness of munakahat Islam, which is supported by the relativism of human rights. With this principle, the panel of judges approved several civil rights, including sacred rights in munakahat Islam. As a solution, the panel of judges only provide the right to fulfill the necessities of life and the obligatory will to the extramarital children. These judgements and legal considerations fulfill the four indicators of proportionality principle moderating the perspectives of diametric law, namely necessity, legitimate goals of law, rational achievement, and balancing.Keywords: proportionality principle, civil rights, human rights, munakahat Islam, extramarital children.