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All Journal Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Bambang Sukilarso Sakiman
Sebelas Maret University
Medicine & Pharmacology

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Effectivity of Ethanol Extract of Bintaro Seed (Cerbera manghas) as Larvacide against Anopheles aconitus Larvae Muhammad Natsir; Bambang Sukilarso Sakiman; Yusuf Ari Mashuri
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Malaria is still one of the public health problem that can cause death, especially in the high risk groups; babies, toddlers, and pregnant women. One of the strategy to reduce the number of cases is vector management and control using larvacides which are derived from plants. Bintaro seed (Cerbera manghas) is known containing cerberins, saponins, tanins, and steroids. This study aimed to determine effectivity bintaro seed (Cerbera manghas) ethanol extract as a larvacide against Anopheles aconitus larvae. Methods: This was a laboratory experimental research with post test only control group design. The object of this research was the larva of Anopheles aconitus that was divided into seven groups with each group contains 25 larvae. The research was replicated four times. The negative control group was 100 ml of aquadest. The other six groups contained different concentration of ethanol extract of bintaro seed. They were 0,125%, 0,25%, 0,375%, 0,5%, 0,625%, and 0,75%. The samples then were observered after being stored in 24 hours and the number of dead larvae were counted. The data were analyzed using Probit Regression and Curve Estimation. Results: LC50 and LC99 were 0,118% and 0,728% respectively. The Curve Estimation showed that ethanol extract of bintaro seed affects the mortality of Anopheles aconitus larvae with tight correlation R2 = 0,709. Its linear regression equation was Y = 0,592 + 0,641 X. Conclusions: The ethanol extract of bintaro seed (Cerbera manghas) is effective as a larvacide against Anopheles aconitus larvae with its LC50 in 0,118% and LC99 0,728%. Keywords: bintaro seed (Cerbera manghas), Anopheles aconitus larvae
Comparison of the Changing in Oxygen Saturation that is Induced Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine-Fentanyl in Spinal Anesthesia of Caesarian Section Patient Fila Apriliawati; Mulyo Hadi Sudjito; Bambang Sukilarso Sakiman
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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ABSTRACT Background: Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine-Fentanyl mostly used in spinal anesthesia for prgenancy that need caesarian sections. Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine-Fentanyl influenced haemodynamic condition. One of the haemodynamic is respiration rate. When the respiration rate changed, it could change the oxygen saturation. Methods: Pregnant patients that need caesarean section with spinal anesthesia bupivacaine and bupivacaine-fentanyl were gathered. During the operation, oxygen saturation was observed with bed site monitor and it was noted. The data of oxygen saturation, data from medical record (age, weight, and height), and data of the previous research (bed site monitor) to be analyzed with Mann-Whitney test, Discriminant test, and Saphiro-Wilk test. Result: According to statistic analysis, there were no significant differences on the changing of oxygen saturation that is induced bupivacaine and bupivacaine-fentanyl in every phase (p >0.050 ). And, there were also no significant differences in the changing of oxygen saturation that was correlated with age (p=0.991), weight (p=0.986), and height (p=1.000). Conclusion: There were no diferrences on the changing of oxygen saturation that is induced bupivacaine and bupivacaine-fentanyl in the spinal anesthesia of caesarian section. There were no correlation also between age, weigth, and height because the homogenity of the sample.
Co-Authors Fila Apriliawati Mashuri, Yusuf Ari Muhammad Natsir Mulyo Hadi Sudjito