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Prototype of A/Duck/Sukoharjo/Bbvw-1428-9/2012 subtipe H5N1 clade 2.3.2 as vaccine on local duck Risa Indriani; NLPI Dharmayanti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 19, No 2 (2014): JUNE 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (272.25 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v19i2.1044

Abstract

A/Duck/Sukoharjo/Bbvw-1428-9/2012 virus subtipe H5N1 clade 2.3.2 as seed vaccine on local duck. AI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 vaccine containing 256 HAU per dose was formulated using adjuvant ISA 71VG Montanide ™. Six groups of one day old local duck were used in this study. Three groups (10 ducks per group) were vaccinated and 3 groups (9 duck per group) were served control. Vaccination was conducted when the duck were three weeks old of age using single dose. Three weeks after vaccination when the duck were challenged either with HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.2, or HPAI H5N1 clade 2.1.3 virus at dose 106 EID50/ 0.1 ml by drops  intranasaly. Result showed that vaccination produced 100% protection compared to unvaccinated ducks againt HPAI subtipe H5N1 clade 2.3.2, and 100% protection againt HPAI H5N1 clade 2.1.3 (A/ck/wj/Subang-29/2007 and A/ck/wj/Smi-Part/2006), while unvaccinated ducks showed virus shedding on day 3 post infection. Key Words: Duck, Influenza, Clade 2.3.2, Vaccine, Clade 2.1.3
Peste des Petits Ruminant: Exotic Ruminant Disease That Should Be Anticipated Indrawati Sendow; Adjid RMA; NLPI Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 1 (2014): MARCH 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (131.458 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i1.1025

Abstract

Peste des Pettits Ruminants (PPR) is one of infectious and contagious viral diseases from morbilliviruses group in ruminants especially small ruminants. The disease was characterized by nasal and eye discharge, conjunctivitis, high fever, gastrointestinal disorder and pneumonia. Hence PPR may cause economical impact for the farmers due to the decrease of animal productivity and death.  Peste des pettits ruminants is also a disease that has serious attention on the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) list. In Indonesia, the disease has not been reported, so the anticipation of entering the disease is needed. The paper will describe the disease in many aspects included transmission, host ranges, epidemiology, clinical disease, diagnosis and the ability to identify the disease in Indonesia. Key words: Peste des Pettits Ruminants, epidemiology, diagnose, ruminants
The Advance of Technology of Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction in Identifying the Genome of Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases Dyah Ayu Hewajuli; NLPI Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 1 (2014): MARCH 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (271.663 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i1.1022

Abstract

Avian Influenza (AI) viruses are zoonotic and caused death in humans. Newcastle Diseases (ND) virus has an economical impact in poultry. Therefore, the identification and characterization of AI and ND viruses that are appropriate, accurate and quick are important to protect human and poultry health. Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was the latest gold standard to detect the genome of AI and ND viruses. Recently, RT-PCR was developed in routine diagnosis and research. RT-PCR is a method to amplify the sequences of DNA genome, preceded by reverse transcriptase process with the primer-mediated enzymatic. Some factors that influenced detection of AI and ND are design primer and probe, types of samples, enzyme, reagent composition, amplification temperature and cycles, technical and non-technical factors such as contamination and trained staff. Modified conventional and real time RT-PCR are able to improve the specificity and sensitivity of the test. Key words: Detection, Avian Influenza, Newcastle Diseases, RT-PCR
Efficacy, Mechanism and Antiviral Resistance of Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Adamantane against Avian Influenza Dyah Ayu Hewajuli; NLPI Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (393.982 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i2.1951

Abstract

Vaccination and antiviral drug are often used to control influenza. However, the effectiveness of vaccine was impaired due to the emergence of new variant of virus strain. Antiviral drug consists of prophylactic and curative substances, namely M2 ion channel inhibitors (adamantane; amantadine and rimantadine) and neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (NAIs; oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, laninamivir). The synthesis and modification of antiviral neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (NAIs) and adamantanes increased the antiviral effectiveness. The mechanism of the neuraminidase inhibitor is to prevent influenza infection by inhibiting the release of the virus from internal cells. Adamantane is antiviral drug that selectively inhibits the flow of H+ ions through M2 protein to prevent the uncoating virus particles getting into the endosome. The substitution of (H275Y, S247N, I223L, K150N, R292K, I222T, R152K, R118K, E119V) on NA protein caused resistance of avian influenza virus against the neuraminidase inhibitor. The combination of mutations (S247N, I223L, K150N) increased the resistance of influenza A (H5N1) virus. The diffusion of adamantane resistance varies among HA subtypes, the species of host, the period of isolation, and region. Mutations at residues of 26, 27, 30, 31 or 34 transmembrane M2 protein caused adamantane resistance. The unique substitution (V27I) of M2 protein of clade 2.3.2 H5N1 subtype isolated in Indonesia in 2016 has been contributed to the amantadine resistance. Antiviral combination of M2 ion channel inhibitors and neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors is effective treatments for the resistance.
Co-Authors Adjid RMA Dyah Ayu Hewajuli Indrawati Sendow Risa Indriani