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All Journal WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Agustin Herliatika
Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, Jl. VETERAN III PO BOX 221 Ciawi Bogor 16002
Veterinary

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Mitigation of Enteric Methane Emission through Feed Modification and Rumen Manipulation Agustin Herliatika; Y Widiawati
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.201 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i1.2706

Abstract

The major of  gas emission in the livestock  sector are in the form of methane produced by microbial activity in the rumen. The emission of methane cause global warming and is predicted to keep increasing. Feed modification and rumen manipulation are important ways that can be used to mitigate methane emission. Based on this condition, this paper aims to describe several ways to mitigate methane emission using feed and rumen modification for smallholder farmers. Feed modification can be done using high Non-Fiber Carbohydrate (NFC) content in feed and also using balance nutrient feed. Meanwhile, rumen modification can be done through inlcusion of feed additive, microbial products, and oils. Providing feed contains high NFC as much as 21.8-53%DM would decrease methane emission by 3.03-28.33%. While providing feed contains balance nutrients would potentially decrease 21.87% of methane emission. Feed additive addition as much as 0.0011-12%DM decreased 0.59-78% of methane emission. Bacterial inclusion as much as 0.7x108 – 3,6x1011CFU decreased 0- 18.57% of methane emission. Oil or fat inclusion as much as 6%DM decreased 6.02-24.53% of methane emission. A combination of methods can be used to optimize methane mitigation and it can be applicable for farmers to raise their livestock in friendly environment.
Utilization of Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus), Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens), Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and Silkworm (Samia ricini dan Bombyx mori) as Alternative Feed Protein Sources Agustin Herliatika; Dika Permatahati; Yusti Pujiawati; Gresy Eva Tresia; Elizabeth Wina
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 4 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (277.727 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i4.2889

Abstract

The insect which contains high protein is potential to be used as an unconventional protein source (UPS) in feed. Production cost of this feedstuff is affordable through utilization of waste as growing media. Moreover, this production helps the environment by reducing the unprocessed waste. This study aims to review the potential use of cricket, black soldier fly (BSF), mealworm, and silkworm as UPS in replacing fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SM) in the feed. The insect meal contains relative similar crude protein but higher ether-extract compared to conventional protein sources. The insect meal contains higher tyrosine but lower arginine, histidine, lysine, and tryptophan compared to FM and SM. The chitin content in UPS decreases the digestibility, causing restriction its utilization in the diet. However, it can be used as antibacterial and antifungal in feed, and in ruminant, it can be used to mitigate enteric methane emission. UPS in layer and broiler diet can replace SM, meanwhile, in quail diet, it can replace FM. From different sources, it can be summarised that the potential addition of BSF, cricket, mealworm, and silkworm in the broiler’s diet is 8%DM replacing 100% SM, 5-15%DM replacing 40-100% FM, 5-29,5%DM replacing 3-100% SM, and 7,8%DM replacing 100% SM, respectively. The potential addition of BSF and mealworm in the layer’s diet is 10-15%DM replacing 66-100% SM and 2-5%DM replacing 21% SM, respectively. The potential addition of cricket, mealworm, and silkworm in the quail’s diet is 2-8%DM replacing 25-100% FM, 2,25%DM replacing 25% FM, and 2,08-6,25%DM replacing 26-76% FM, respectively.
Co-Authors Dika Permatahati Elizabeth Wina Gresy Eva Tresia Y Widiawati Yusti Pujiawati