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Two Nations, Different Regions, Same Challenges: Legal and Political Analysis of Internal Security Threats in Nigeria and Pakistan Ngboawaji Daniel Nte; Oluka Nduka Lucas; Ridwan Arifin
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 9, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v9i3.21507

Abstract

This study is a modest but objective comparative evaluation of internal security threats facing two sub-regional large countries of Africa and South Asia-Nigeria and Pakistan. Considering the fact that ethnicity, sectarianism and economic instability are fundamental variables of internal security threats in both countries, the study argued that religious extremism has created an unenviable image of both nations in the eyes of the rest of the world, undoubtedly, this has affected both nations adversely. The study also identified inter-regional grievances as potential causes of damages to both federations. Also identified is ethno-sectarian problem as a major security threat to both nations. This in the opinion of the authors will remain a huge impediment to the goals of economic prosperity to both nations. Consequently, the focus of this study is to examine interdependence of these multifaceted challenges and their overall impact on internal security in both countries. To achieve this, the study employed qualitative research method in which analytical approach was used to examine the similarities in the security challenges in Nigeria and Pakistan. Structural questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection.  The employment of thematic analytic approach was adopted to analyse data collected for the study. The study concludes among others, the need for both countries to individually address these national security threats and find viable solutions to the problems of socio-economic and political reforms and unemployment within a reasonable timeframe to mitigate future threats.Keywords: Internal Security; Ethnicity; Sectarianism; Challenges Dua Bangsa Satu Tantangan: Analisis Politik dan Hukum pada Ancaman Keamanan dalam Negeri (Internal Security) di Nigeria dan PakistanAbstrak Penelitian ini merupakan evaluasi komparatif sederhana namun objektif terhadap ancaman keamanan internal yang dihadapi dua negara besar sub-regional Afrika dan Asia Selatan-Nigeria dan Pakistan. Mempertimbangkan fakta bahwa etnisitas, sektarianisme, dan ketidakstabilan ekonomi adalah variabel fundamental dari ancaman keamanan internal di kedua negara. Penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa ekstremisme agama telah menciptakan citra yang tidak baik dari kedua negara di mata dunia. Tidak diragukan lagi, ini telah mempengaruhi kedua negara secara merugikan. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi kasus-kasus antar-regional sebagai penyebab potensial kerusakan pada kedua federasi. Juga diidentifikasi masalah etno-sektarian sebagai ancaman keamanan utama bagi kedua negara, dimana akan tetap menjadi hambatan besar bagi tujuan kemakmuran ekonomi kedua negara. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji saling ketergantungan dari tantangan beragam ini dan dampaknya secara keseluruhan terhadap keamanan internal di kedua negara. Untuk mendapatkan data tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dimana pendekatan analitik digunakan untuk menguji kesamaan dalam tantangan keamanan di Nigeria dan Pakistan. Kuesioner struktural digunakan sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data. Penggunaan pendekatan analitik tematik diadopsi untuk menganalisis data yang dikumpulkan untuk penelitian ini. Studi ini menyimpulkan antara lain, perlunya kedua negara untuk secara individual mengatasi ancaman keamanan nasional ini dan menemukan solusi yang layak untuk masalah reformasi sosial-ekonomi dan politik dan pengangguran dalam jangka waktu yang wajar untuk mengurangi ancaman di masa depan.Kata Kunci: Keamanan dalam Negeri; Etnisitas; Sektarianisme; Tantangan Две нации, разные регионы, одинаковые вызовы: правовой и политический анализ угроз внутренней безопасности в Нигерии и Пакистане АбстрактныйЭто исследование представляет собой скромную, но объективную сравнительную оценку угроз внутренней безопасности, с которыми сталкиваются две субрегиональные крупные страны Африки и Южной Азии - Нигерия и Пакистан. Учитывая тот факт, что этническая принадлежность, сектантство и экономическая нестабильность являются фундаментальными переменными угроз внутренней безопасности в обеих странах, в исследовании утверждается, что религиозный экстремизм создал незавидный имидж обеих стран в глазах остального мира, несомненно, это повлияло на обе нации неблагоприятно. Исследование также определило межрегиональные жалобы как потенциальные причины ущерба для обеих федераций. Также определена этно-сектантская проблема как серьезная угроза безопасности для обеих стран. Это, по мнению авторов, останется огромным препятствием на пути достижения целей экономического процветания обеих стран. Следовательно, целью данного исследования является изучение взаимозависимости этих многогранных вызовов и их общего воздействия на внутреннюю безопасность в обеих странах. Для достижения этой цели в исследовании использовался качественный метод исследования, в котором использовался аналитический подход для изучения сходства проблем безопасности в Нигерии и Пакистане. Структурная анкета использовалась в качестве инструмента для сбора данных. Для анализа данных, собранных для исследования, был использован тематический аналитический подход. В исследовании, среди прочего, делается вывод о необходимости для обеих стран индивидуально противодействовать этим угрозам национальной безопасности и находить жизнеспособные решения проблем социально-экономических и политических реформ и безработицы в разумные сроки для смягчения будущих угроз.Ключевые слова: внутренняя безопасность; Этническая принадлежность; Сектантство; Вызовы
Competitive Intelligence and Resilience of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Developing Economies Ngboawaji Daniel Nte; Nduka Kenneth Omede
Jurnal Ekonomi Akuntansi dan Manajemen Vol 20 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jeam.v20i2.26653

Abstract

Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs hold the key to economic progress and development in developing economies including Nigeria. This study therefore examined the effect of competitive intelligence on the survival of SMEs in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. To achieve these objectives three hypotheses were formulated to establish whether or not there is a relationship existing between the two intervening variable i.e. competitive intelligence and the survival of SMEs in Benin City, Edo State and by extension Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted, while data were obtained from structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson’s product-moment coefficient of correlation. From the analysis, the results indicated that there is an existing relationship between the variables. Based on the findings it was concluded that for SMEs to survive and expand its market frontiers in the face of the escalating competition in the business environment, there is the need to take a holistic view of their strategies and offer innovative products that can provide customers with valued and satisfying benefits better than the ones offered by competitors and engaging in superior marketing strategies to enhance performance and productivity. The study recommended among others that SMEs should identify and prune down unwarranted business expenses without necessarily impacting negatively on the operations of the firm. Keywords: Innovative Products, Performance, Productivity, Satisfying Benefits, SMEs, Survival.
North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons Development: The Impact for International Security and Stability Aprilia Putri Adiningsih; Ngboawaji Daniel Nte
International Law Discourse in Southeast Asia Vol 1 No 2 (2022): July-December, 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ildisea.v1i2.58398

Abstract

The development of nuclear weapons today is in many cases one of the threats of future wars. In fact, the development of this weapon is considered to be able to disrupt international stability and security. Nuclear weapons have developed since World War II, which destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Until now, several countries are still competing to develop nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapons are weapons that get power from nuclear reactions and have tremendous destructive power, a nuclear bomb can destroy a city. Countries that have nuclear weapons include the United States, Russia, Britain, France, China, India, North Korea, and Pakistan. Nuclear weapons can become weapons of mass destruction which of course threaten the stability of international security. As one of the nuclear-armed countries, North Korea is modernizing the country by focusing its strength on the planning economy, heavy industry, and military development. This study aims to analyze the development of North Korea's nuclear weapons in the context of international stability and security and its impact on international law enforcement, especially in the region of Southeast Asian countries.
Mass Media and the Terror of Terrorism in Global Security Analysis Ngboawaji Daniel Nte; Irfan Ullah Khan; Onyeka Bienose; Stella Macaulay
Jurnal Communio : Jurnal Jurusan Ilmu Komunikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2020): July
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jikom.v9i2.2415

Abstract

Contemporary global security realities have identified the pervasive mass media terror continuum in the form of display of graphic images and somewhat persuasive impacts of the mass media as used by terror organizations across the world. This work is therefore an explorative analytical narrative of the impacts of the mass media in the promotion and consolidation of terrorist ideologies and rationalization of terrorist activities. Generally, the work has made an objective modest attempt to review the nature and dynamics of global mass media and relationship between some of the fallouts of the impacts of the mass media in the spread and sustainability of global extremist and terrorist ideologies. This narrative is derivable from different international scholars and national governments based on sustained empirical researches in different countries of the world. Consequently, this work adopted extensively the historical and explorative approach that relied on secondary sources comprising books, journals and reports that were logically arranged and evaluated through content analysis in tandem with social science research enterprise. The work, therefore, established glaring intrinsic and extrinsic correlation between the impacts of the mass media and terrorism in the world and ultimately offered useful recommendations accordingly to stem this scourge.
Indonesia-China International Dispute on the Natuna Island Case: Various International Law Discourses and Practices in Regional Countries Anissaa Nuril Chasanah; Ridwan Arifin; Ngboawaji Daniel Nte
International Law Discourse in Southeast Asia Vol 2 No 1 (2023): January-June, 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ildisea.v2i1.58390

Abstract

The Natuna Island case stands as a focal point in the complex web of international relations, particularly between Indonesia and China, in the South China Sea region. This study explores the various international law discourses and practices adopted by regional countries concerning this dispute. Indonesia's sovereign claims over the Natuna Islands clash with China's expansive territorial assertions, leading to diplomatic tensions and legal debates. In analyzing this dispute, this study delves into the multifaceted dimensions of international law invoked by both parties and observed by neighboring states. It examines the application of principles such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and customary international law concerning territorial sovereignty and maritime rights. Moreover, the study scrutinizes the strategies employed by Indonesia and China within international forums, including arbitration and diplomatic negotiations, to resolve their differences. It highlights the significance of multilateral cooperation and adherence to established legal frameworks in mitigating conflicts and maintaining regional stability. Furthermore, the study assesses the responses of other regional countries to the Natuna Island dispute, elucidating their stances on the applicability of international law and the preservation of their own interests amidst geopolitical tensions. These responses offer valuable insights into the evolving dynamics of maritime disputes and the role of international law in shaping regional security architectures.
Evolution of Corporate Criminal Liability Models and Theories under Indonesian New Criminal Code Muhammad Wahyu Alfakar; Ali Masyhar Mursyid; Cahya Wulandari; Ngboawaji Daniel Nte
IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (November, 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Corporate crime, also known as white-collar crime, has persisted in Indonesia for decades, evolving alongside the country's economic and industrial growth. Various models and theories have emerged to address these issues, reflecting a growing recognition of the need for robust legal frameworks to combat corporate misconduct. Normative legal research methods have been employed in this study, focusing specifically on the criminal law aspects related to the development of corporate criminal liability theories and concepts under Law Number 1 of 2023. Law Number 1 of 2023 introduces the corporation as a maker and also a responsible corporation model of corporate criminal liability, recognizing corporations as legal entities capable of being held accountable for their actions. This statutory framework represents a significant advancement, reinforcing Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016. The research explores various perspectives on corporate responsibility models and theories, offering ideal solutions for their application and development within Indonesia's legal framework. This evolution signifies Indonesia's commitment to enhancing corporate accountability and ethical standards, aligning its legal principles with international norms while addressing domestic challenges. By integrating these models and theories into its legal system, Indonesia aims to foster a corporate culture that prioritizes compliance and ethical conduct, thereby mitigating the impact of corporate crime on society and promoting sustainable economic development.