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Suratmo Suratmo
Brawijaya University
Environmental Science

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The derivatization of α-Pinena: Synthesis of Organonitrogen Compounds and Study of Its Potential as a Drug Candidate Mohammad Farid Rahman; Rurini Retnowati; Suratmo Suratmo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (68.068 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.natural-b.2011.001.01.10

Abstract

a-Pinene is the major compound in oil of turpentine that can be developed as the- starting material to synthesize compounds that have potential as organonitrogen ingredients through biological and physiological properties. Changes a-pinene into organonitrogen compounds can be carried out via addition reactions to the alkene group through Ritter reaction using acetonitrile or benzonitrile reagent. Carbocation rearrangement that occurs in reaction to direct the reaction products varies. a-Pinene reaction with acetonitrile to produce the compounds N-[1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-ethyl]-acetamide, N-(1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-hex-4-enyl)-acetamide and N-(2,6,6-trimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1] hept-2-yl)-acetamide. While a-pinene reactions with benzonitrile to produce the compounds of N-(1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-hex-4-enyl)-benzamide and N-[1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-ethyl]-benzamide. Reaction products with ingredients benzonitrile (LC50 = 203.86 ppm) has a higher toxicity than acetonitrile-based reaction product (LC50 = 504.80 ppm) based on the test Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT).
Nitration Time and Ultrasonic Waves Utilization Effects Against Mol Percentage of Nitrogen in Nitrocellulose Synthetic Based on Cotton Fiber Mohammad Farid Rahman; I Made Jiwa Astika; Yudhi Dwi Kurniawan; Suratmo Suratmo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10.378 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.natural-b.2011.001.02.10

Abstract

Nitrocellulose is an ester of nitric acid from cellulose which has important role in propellant manufacture, especially having minimal degree of substitution (DS) of 2.5. The aims of this research were to understand the influence of time of reaction in nitration of cotton fiber both synthesized with and without using ultrasonic wave irradiation to mole percentages of nitrogen in nitrocellulose products. The nitrations were conducted by using mixture of sulphuric acid and nitric acid with mass composition ratio of 3:1 (30 mLs of H2SO4 95-97% (w/w) solution; 20 mLs of HNO3 65% (w/w) solution) for 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55 minutes at temperature of 28-29oC, whereas in irradiation treatment by ultrasonic wave the initial temperature adjusted at the same. The mol percentages of nitrogen in nitrocellulose products were determined by using absorbance ratio method from IR spectra without external calibration prerequisite. The results showed that the mol percentages of nitrogen in nitrocelluloses both synthesized with and without using ultrasonic wave irradiation tended to increase up to about 45 minutes and tended to decrease after it. The highest mole percentage of nitrogen in nitrocellulose product synthesized without using ultrasonic wave irradiation was 33.05% with DS of 0.99; whereas that of using ultrasonic wave irradiation increased to 52.78% with DS of 1.58. The analysis of IR spectra and burning characteristic from nitrocellulose products showed the existence of the NO2 group in nitrocellulose products.
Co-Authors I Made Jiwa Astika Mohammad Farid Rahman Rurini Retnowati Yudhi Dwi Kurniawan