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Sri Raharjo

Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universtas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

Author-ID : 2870991

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles

Aspergillus Proteolitik Indigenous dari Koji dan Kemampuannya Mendegradasi Aflatoksin B1 Sardjono Sardjono; Endang Sri Rahayu; Sri Raharjo; Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto
agriTECH Vol 24, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Legume and cereals are always exposed to the danger of fungal contamination. Among such fungi, some species of the genus Aspergillus are potential of aflatoxins producer. Aflatoxin BI (AFB1) which is the most carcinogenic mycotoxins , known very stable under cooking condition and other processing factors. The removal of AFB1 by degradation or detoxification is critical to reduce risk to human health. Microbiological degradation is a promising method for AFB1 degradation compared to others. The aim of this research was to isolate the proteolytic Aspergillus strain from "koji" and to determine its ability to degrade AFB). Out of 18 strains of Aspergillus, 16 strains were found proteolytic and only 5 strains had no afiatoxigenic properties, but all of them were able to degrade AFB1. There were no spesific pattern of the rate of AFBI degradation. Strain of KKB4 was identified as Aspergillus oryzae, that possess the highest ability to degrade AFB1. Two kind of substances were formed after degradation which were more polar than AFB1. The rate of AFB) uptake by Aspergillus oryzae KKB4 was similar with that of mycelia! growth. Aflatoxin BI inhibits mycelium growth, vesicle and conidial head formation.

Cemaran Aflatoksin pada Produksi Jagung di Daerah Jawa Timur Endang Sri Rahayu; Sri Raharjo; Agustina A. Rahmanianna
agriTECH Vol 23, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Penelitian ini ditujuan untuk mengindentifikasi tingkat cemaran aflatoksin pada produksi jagung di Propinsi Jawa Timur =la, dart lingkat petani, pengecer maupun pedagang sena mendapatkan data tentang praktek pasca-panen melalui kuesioner maul, 1111 peninjauan lapangan. Pemantauan dilakukan di 4 (empat) kabupaten penghasil jagung terbesar di Propinsi Jawa Thrum yaitu Malang, Tuban, Kediri dan Sï€´ï€´enep. Uji infeksi jamur menunjukkan bahwa hampir 100% biji yang diambil balk dart petani. pengumpul maupun pedagang di empat kabupaten terinfeksi oleh jaunt)â€¢ bermiselia putih dan hitam (tidak dilakukan identifikasi lanjut), Aspergillus dan Penicillium. Kadar air jagung yang diuji berkisar antara 12.60% - 20.84%. Hal ini merupakan indikator bahwa proses pasca panen belum berlangsung dengan baik. Data uji infeksi jamur aflatoksigenik menggunakan media AFPA menunjukkan bahwa sampel dengan cemaran aflatoksin tinggi (>100 ppb), rata-rata terinfeksi dengan jamur aflatoksigenik >50 %. Hasil uji aflatoksin menunjukkan bahwa dart 115 sampel yang diambil dart petani, pengumpul dan pedagang. 27 sampel (23%) tidak terdeteksi aflatoksin, sedang 48 sampel (42%) dengan cemaran aflatoksin < 20 ppb, 26 sampel (23%) dengan cemaran 20 - 100 ppb, dan 14 sampel (12%) dengan cemaran > 100 ppb. Dart hash uji diperoleh bahwa 6 sampel memiliki cemaran aflatoksin > 300 ppb, dengan cemaran tertinggi adalah sekitar 350 ppb. Secara urnum dapat disimpulkan bahwa praktek produksi jagung yang kurang balk dapat memberi peluang terhadap tingginya cemaran aflatoksin. Rekomendasi cara bercocok tanam yang tepat, pengeringan hingga kadar air 13% yang tidak boleti ditunda, penyimpanan pada ruang yang. kering dan bersih perlu disampaikan untuk petani, pengecer dan pedagang, maupun penterintah. Demikian pula insentif bagi petani, pengumpul dan pedagang yang mampu mempertahankan kebersihan bpi dart infeksi jamur Aspergillus flavus dan cemaran aflatoksin perlu ditingkatkan.

Pengendalian Pencoklatan Produk Hasil Restrukturisasi Bubur Sri Raharjo; Suparmo Suparmo; Wahyu Supartono; Zaki Utama
agriTECH Vol 22, No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Upon peeling and slicing fresh fruits are easily discolored due to enzymatic reaction in the presence of oxygen. Restructured fruit also suffer the discoloration during aerobic storage either at room temperature or under refrigeration. The objective of this study was to find alternatives for preventing or retarding the discoloration rate of calcium-alginate restructured fruits during aerobic refrigerated storage using anti browning additives. Four different fruits including avocado, mango, jack fruit, and soursop were restructured using sodium alginate (1% w/w) and calcium lactate (1% w/w). The additives tested were citric acid 0.5% (w/w), ascorbic acid 0.05% (w/w), sodium disulfite 0.01% (w/w), N-acetyl-cysteine 0.05% (w/w), and combination of citric acid 0.05% (w/w) and N-acetyl-cysteine 0.05% (w/w). Addition of anti browning additives at the specified concentration was effective in delaying the discoloration of restructured fruits during aerobic storage at 4ºC for up to 6 days. Among the additives tested the use of combination of citric acid 0.05% (w/w) and N-acetyl-cysteine 0.05% (w/w) was the most effective in retarding the discoloration across the fruits. Restructured soursop, in particular, was not undergoing significant sidcoloration for 11 days of refrigerated storage.

Karakter Fisik dan Sensoris Produk Hasil Restrukturisasi Buah Nangka (Artocarpus heterophylla L.) dan Sawo (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosb) Selama Penyimpanan Beku Sri Raharjo; Suparmo Suparmo; Wahyu Supartomo; Zaki Utama
agriTECH Vol 22, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

A model fruit product was prepared using fresh tropical fruits puree (jackfruit and sapodilla) and restructured using calcium-alginate gel forming methods (internal setting). Restructured fruit products were evaluated for texture (hardness), color, pH, and sensory properties after 0,1,2, and 3 months frozen storage at -15ºC. No significant change for pH was observed over the frozen storage period (3 months at -15ºC).

Food Recall Protecs Consumers from Consuming Hazardous Meat and Poultry Products : A Review on 1995-1999 Recall Cases from FSIS-USDA Sri Raharjo
agriTECH Vol 21, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

A recall is intended to remove meat or poultry from commerce when there is reason to believe that it may be injurious to helath, unfit for human consumption, adulterated, or incorrect labeling. The objective of this study was to evaluate Recall Cases during the period of 1995-199 as reported by the USDA-FSIS. During the period of 1995-1999, there were approximately 197 cases of recall were identified which consisted of 85% categorized as Class 1 and remaining 15% as Class II. More than 50% of the recall were warranted due to the pathogenic bacteria contamination and only a small proportions were due to the presence of extraneous material, drug residues, inadequate processing, and incorrect labeling. At least 80% of the bacterial contamination were associated with L. monocytogenes and E.coli O157:H7. On the average more than 2 million pounds of defective or hazardous meat products were withdrawn from commerce and some of the recall resulted 100% product recovery. This suggests that the firms respond positively to the program and as a result consumer's safety can be enhanced.

Pencegahan Peroksidasi Lemak dan Kerusakan Jaringan pada Tikus dengan Kitosan Sri Raharjo
agriTECH Vol 20, No 3 (2000)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The present study focused on the effect of chitosan on oxidative status of rats fed with diets containing thermally oxidative palm oil. Forty-eight white male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing in the range of 90 to 105 g were fed with three different experimental diets ad libitum for up to 90 days. The first group was fed with a control diet containing 15 % fresh palm oil, the second group with the same diet except that the palm oil was thermally treated at 180° C for 24 hr, and the third group was fed with diet containing thermally treated palm oil and chitosan. Chitosan was added at 2 % level at the expense of fiber content. The experimental diets were analyzed for peroxide value, TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid acids-reactive substances) and tocopherol content. Four rats from each dietary group were killed at time intervals of 30, 60 and 90 days of feeding and blood as well as tissue analyses were performed. Rats fed with diet containing thermally threated palm oil showed no significant differences in term of weight gain. TBARS level in serum, kidney, brain and heart as well as liver superoxide dismutase activity compared with other groups. However, rats fed with thermally treated palm oil had heavier liver weight, higher TBARS and lower vitamin E levels in liver. It seem that the addition of chitosan in the experimental diet could neutralize the negative effects of lipid oxidation products in the liver.

Co-Authors Agustina A. Rahmanianna Endang Sri Rahayu Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto Sardjono Sardjono Suparmo Suparmo Suparmo Suparmo Wahyu Supartomo Wahyu Supartono Zaki Utama

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