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B. Suratmo

Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Author-ID : 2871628

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Pengukuran Volume Benda Padat Berbagai Bentuk dengan Berdasarkan Volume Desakan Pada Bahan Curah B. Rahardjo; B. Suratmo; R. Kushendrati
agriTECH Vol 17, No 4 (1997)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Some of the standard methods to measure the solid volume are based on fluid displacement. However, most of agricultural products are absorbable to water and certain fluids. Therefore the use of fluids to determine the volume of agricultural products can cause error. Where as bulk materials on certain condition behave and flow such as fluids but are not absorbable to products. Accordingly the objectives of the research were to evaluate the accuracy of volume measurement of solid particles with several shapes using bulk materials and to determine the measurement error and its relation to the pertinent parameters. The volume determined using bulk materials were compared with that measured using standard methods. The errors of the measurements were related to the pertinent parameters such as granular size and solid particle size. Samples used were spheres, cylinders, cubes, prisms and any shapes of solid particles made from wood, glass, bronzes or stone with any shapes. The bulk material was sand found on rivers around the city of Yogyakarta. The results indicate that the particle volume can be determined using bulk materials. However, volume measured using bulk materials was higher than that determined using standard methods. The volume errors increases as the granular size increases and as the solid particle size decreases. The error can be related to the granular particle size ratio quite well. The corrected volume with the estimed error was closely similar to the volume determined using standard methods. Bulk materials consisting of small size, smooth surface and sphere like shape granules are likely ideal medium for solid volume measurements.

Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Permukaan Bola dengan Aliran Udara Paksa dalam Pipa B. Rahardjo; B. Suratmo; Sukarjo Sukarjo
agriTECH Vol 18, No 2 (1998)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Handling and processing of agricultural products mostly consist of heat transfer. Commonly the heat process of agricultural products is conducted in closed systems with air forced circulation. The process of heat transfer is significantly controlled by the values of the coefficient of surface heat transfer. Therefore the objectives of the research were to determine the pertinent parameters affecting the coefficient of heat transfer of sphere in forced air circulation and then to develop the mathematical relationship of those parameters. The mathematical relationship was determined using dimensional analysis composing dimensionless numbers such as Nusselt, Reynolds and size ratio. The coefficient of surface heat transfer were determined by heat capacitance method and analytical approaches using samples of spheres made from copper and wood respectively. The results indicate that the relation of the dimensionless groups were significant. The coefficient of surface heat transfer appropriately can be expressed using the pertinent parameters.

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