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Skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) pada Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668 Friska Ani Rahman; Tetiana Haniastuti; Trianna Wahyu Utami
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extracts Annona muricata L. on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668. Dental caries is one of dental diseases frequently occurred in Indonesia. Streptococcus mutans plays an important role in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Soursop plant (Annona muricata L) has been used by some communities in Indonesia to cure various kinds of disease. Different environment where the plants grow may lead to the differences in the type and amount of secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. leaves on the growth of S. mutans ATCC 35668 and phytochemicals analysis of Annona muricata L. leaves ethanol extract. The type of the research is an experimental laboratory, Soursop leaves were extracted by maceration using ethanol 70%. The extract obtained was then carried out phytochemical screening with thin layer chromatography (TLC). Concentrations of extract tested were: 150; 125; 100; 75; 50 mg/ml. Chlorhexidine 5% was used as a positive control while DMSO 5% was used a negative control. Based on phytochemical screening, Annona muricata L. leaves ethanol extract contained secondary metabolite compounds, such as saponin, terpenoid, steroids, avonoids, tannins and alkaloids. MIC obtained at concentration of 125 mg /ml. Data were analyzed by using one-way Anava parametric test. The effect of extract concentration on the growth of colonies of S.mutans ATCC 35668 showed a signicant result (p <0.05) among groups tested. Annona muricata L. leaves ethanol extract had antibacterial activity against S. mutans ATCC 3566 at MIC concentration of 125 mg/ml. and contained secondary metabolite compounds, such as saponins, terpenoids, steroids, avonoids, tannins and alkaloids.ABSTRAKKaries gigi merupakan salah satu penyakit gigi yang banyak terjadi di Indonesia. Salah satu bakteri yang berperan penting dalam terjadinya karies gigi adalah Streptococcus mutans. Tanaman sirsak (Annona muricata L.) telah digunakan secara turun temurun oleh sebagian masyarakat Indonesia untuk mengobati penyakit. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan tempat tumbuh suatu tanaman dapat menyebabkan perbedaan jenis dan jumlah dari metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun sirsak terhadap S.mutans ATCC 35668 serta menentukan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder. Jenis penelitian merupakan ekperimental laboratoris, dilakukan ekstraksi pada daun sirsak dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak selanjutnya dilakukan skrining tokimia dengan uji kromatogra lapis tipis (KLT). Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode dilusi cair. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 konsentrasi yaitu 150; 125; 100; 75; 50 mg/ml. DMSO 5% digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif dan Chlorheksidine 5% digunakan sebagai kontrol positif. Berdasarkan uji KLT, ekstrak etanol daun sirsak mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa saponin, terpenoid, steroid, avonoid, tanin, alkaloid. Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S.mutans ATCC 35668 dengan KHM 125 mg/ml. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji parametrik Anava satu jalur. Konsentrasi ekstrak terhadap pertumbuhan koloni S.mutans ATCC 35668 menunjukkan hasil signikan (p<0,05). Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S.mutans ATCC 35668 dengan KHM pada konsentrasi 125 mg/ml. Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa saponin, terpenoid, steroid, avonoid, tanin dan alkaloid.

The effect of ethanol extract of soursop leaf (Annona muricata L.) on Adhesion of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668 to hydroxyapatite discs Friska Ani Rahman; Tetiana Haniastuti; Trianna Wahyu Utami
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The demineralization of dental hard tissues can be caused by dental plaque. Dental plaque contains various components, especially bacteria attached to the extracellular matrix. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) has extracellular glucan as adhesin that is important in the attachment mechanism of tooth surface. The natural substance can be used for preventing plaque formation by inhibiting the attachment of S. mutans. Soursop plant has been used in treating various diseases. The leaves of the soursop (Annona muricata L.) are used as a material to inhibit potential attachment of bacteria S. mutans. Common surfaces that is used in adhesion testing is hydroxyapatite (HA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of soursop leaf (EESL) on the adhesion of S. mutans ATCC 35668 to HA discs. Soursop leaves were extracted by the maceration method using 70% ethanol. The experiment was carried out by analyzing the inhibition adhesion of S. mutans ATCC 35668 on HA discs after incubation with different concentrations of soursop leaf extract. The concentrations of extract tested were: 150; 125; 100; 75; and 50 mg/ml. Chlorhexidine 0.2% was used as a positive control while DMSO 5% was used a negative one. Data were evaluated by One Way Anova. This study statistically showed significant differences of S. mutans colony count between groups (p<0.05).The results of a post hoc Dunnett T3 test showed that the 2 highest concentrations of extract (125 and 150 mg/ml) reduced S. mutans adhesion on HA discs.The obtained results showed that ethanol extract of soursop leave inhibits the adherence of S. mutans to the HA disc.

THE EFFECT OF SOURSOP (ANNONA MURICATA L.) ESSENTIAL OILS ON VIABILITY CELLS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY Friska Ani Rahman; Qotru Al Naday; Trianna Wahyu Utami
ODONTO : Dental Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.8.1.28-33

Background: Development of new preventive agents for dental caries is needed. One of the candidates for preventive agents from natural products is Soursop leaf. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Soursop leaf oil on the cultured epithelial and fibroblast cells.Methods: In this experimental study, Soursop leaf essential oils were provided, and their eﬀect was discovered on epithelial and fibroblast cells line using MTT assay. The MTT assay was conducted to measure the activity of enzymes that reduce MTT and switch it to formazan dye creating a purple colour. Using a microplate reader, the optical density was measured at 550 nm and the absorbance value directly represented relative cell numbers.Results: Data compilation and analysis were done using one-way analysis of variance. Soursop leaf essential oils exhibited variable noxious eﬀects on cultured cells. The present study shows that epithelial cell death was less than 30% at the concentration 2.5 µl/ml while the percentage of fibroblast cell death was less than 30% at smaller concentrations of 1.25 µl/ml. Through an increase in the concentration of Soursop leaf essential oils, the toxicity of these materials substantially increased (p<0.05)Conclusion: Soursop leaf essential oils at certain concentrations may cause epithelial and fibroblast cell death.

Degree of Acidity, Salivary Flow Rate and Caries Index in Electronic Cigarette Users in Sleman Regency, Indonesia Dyah Ayu Lestari; Regina TC. Tandelilin; Friska Ani Rahman
Journal of Indonesian Dental Association Vol 3 No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Indonesian Dental Association

Introduction: The Yogyakarta Special Region ranks sixth for highest number of smokers of the 33 provinces in Indonesia. Smokers account for 31.6% of the total population. Sleman Regency ranks fourth in daily consumption of cigarettes of the five regencies or cities in Yogyakarta. The body part most exposed to direct cigarette smoke is the oral cavity. Saliva is a liquid secreted inside the oral cavity to act as a buffer. Nicotine content in conventional cigarettes is known to diminish the salivary flow rate and the acidity (pH) of the saliva. A continual decrease in saliva pH over time may cause dental caries. The use of electronic cigarettes is a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) method to help people quit smoking; they emit a lower nicotine level than conventional cigarettes. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the saliva pH, salivary flow rates, and caries index of electronic cigarette smokers. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method to compare the saliva pH, salivary flow rate, and caries index of 30 smokers of electronic cigarettes and 30 non-smokers as a control group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 software and considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: The Mann-Whitney analysis showed a significant difference in the saliva pH between electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers. Independent T-Test analysis showed no significant difference in the salivary flow rates of the two groups. The Mann-Whitney analysis also showed no significant difference in the caries index of the groups. Conclusion: Results indicated that there is a significant difference in the saliva pH of electronic cigarette smokers, while the salivary flow rates and caries indices of electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers were similar.

THE EFFECT OF SOURSOP (ANNONA MURICATA L.) ESSENTIAL OILS ON VIABILITY CELLS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY Friska Ani Rahman; Qotru Al Naday; Trianna Wahyu Utami
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Background: Development of new preventive agents for dental caries is needed. One of the candidates for preventive agents from natural products is Soursop leaf. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Soursop leaf oil on the cultured epithelial and fibroblast cells.Methods: In this experimental study, Soursop leaf essential oils were provided, and their eﬀect was discovered on epithelial and fibroblast cells line using MTT assay. The MTT assay was conducted to measure the activity of enzymes that reduce MTT and switch it to formazan dye creating a purple colour. Using a microplate reader, the optical density was measured at 550 nm and the absorbance value directly represented relative cell numbers.Results: Data compilation and analysis were done using one-way analysis of variance. Soursop leaf essential oils exhibited variable noxious eﬀects on cultured cells. The present study shows that epithelial cell death was less than 30% at the concentration 2.5 µl/ml while the percentage of fibroblast cell death was less than 30% at smaller concentrations of 1.25 µl/ml. Through an increase in the concentration of Soursop leaf essential oils, the toxicity of these materials substantially increased (p<0.05)Conclusion: Soursop leaf essential oils at certain concentrations may cause epithelial and fibroblast cell death.

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