Saputri, Theodora Pritadianing
Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

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TANGGUNG JAWAB PERDATA ATAS KEGAGALAN BANGUNAN DALAM HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA Theodora Pritadianing Saputri
Law Review Volume XIX, No. 3 - March 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pelita Harapan | Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/lr.v19i3.2057

Abstract

Pada Januari 2018, setidaknya 75 (tujuh puluh lima) orang terluka akibat robohnya lantai selasar gedung Bursa Efek Indonesia. Kejadian ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai pihak mana yang dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban dan apakah dalam pertanggungjawaban kegagalan bangunan dapat diterapkan persangkaan adanya kesalahan atau tanggung jawab langsung. Menurut Pasal 1369 KUHPerdata, pemilik sebuah gedung bertanggung jawab atas kerugian yang disebabkan oleh robohnya gedung yang dimilikinya baik secara keseluruhan maupun sebagian jika ini terjadi karena kelalaian dalam pemeliharaannya, atau karena suatu cacat dalam pembangunan maupun penataannya. Sementara itu, Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 tentang Jasa Konstruksi mengatur bahwa dalam hal penyelenggaraan jasa konstruksi tidak memenuhi standar keamanan, keselamatan, kesehatan dan keberlanjutan maka pengguna jasa konstruksi maupun penyedia jasa konstruksi dapat menjadi pihak yang bertanggung jawab. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis bermaksud untuk mengkaji permasalahan hukum yang terkait dengan runtuhnya atau kegagalan bangunan dengan menganalisa ketentuan hukum yang relevan dalam KUHPerdata dan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan sumbangsih terhadap perkembangan hukum positif Indonesia terutama dalam kaitannya dengan hukum konstruksi, khususnya kegagalan bangunan. Metode yang akan digunakan oleh Penulis adalah metode yuridis normatif dimana penulis akan melakukan analisa terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang saat ini berlaku di Indonesia mengenai kegagalan bangunan. Penulis juga akan melakukan perbandingan hukum dengan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa ketentuan dalam sistem hukum negara lain yang berkaitan dengan kegagalan bangunan. Dari hasil penelitian, Penulis menemukan bahwa hukum positif Indonesia perlu memuat batasan tanggung jawab pemilik gedung terhadap kegagalan bangunan, tanggung jawab pengelola gedung terhadap kegagalan bangunan yang diakibatkan oleh kelalaiannya dalam memelihara gedung, serta kewajiban dari kontraktor maupun perencana dalam hal terjadi cacat tersembunyi pada bangunan.
Indonesia's Bankruptcy Law Reform for Stronger Cross Border Creditors' Protection Saputri, Theodora Pritadianing
Lex Lectio Law Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Graha Kirana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61715/jll.v2i2.63

Abstract

AbstractAlong with the increase in foreign investment in Indonesia, there is a growing awareness that the current Insolvency Law, i.e., Law No. 37 of 2004 regarding Bankruptcy and Suspension of Obligation for Payment of Debts dated October 18, 2004 may not be adequate to deal with bankruptcy risk associated with multinational corporations and transnational transaction, also known as cross border insolvency. This paper seeks to analyse legal framework for issues arising in cross border insolvency, such as, access to debtor’s offshore assets, creditor rights and jurisdiction of the court for the better Indonesia’s Bankruptcy Law. The author will use normative approach to find the answer. The analysis will begin with the legal framework for cross border insolvency under the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency which deals with procedural issues in Cross-Border Insolvency. The UNCITRAL Model Law was designed to be promote legal certainty for trade and investment and will be suitable to attract investor to invest in a country adopting the UNCITRAL Model Law. It will be followed by a brief overview of Indonesia’s bankruptcy law, particularly on how Law No. 37/2004 deals with transnational issues. The analysis on some Indonesia’s insolvency proceedings involving foreign creditors, multinational corporations or offshore estate will then be considered in the following section. The author’s research demonstrates that Indonesia might not be ready yet to adopt UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency and shall focus to several fundamental issues including creditors’ rights and jurisdiction of the court over multinational corporations.AbstrakSeiring dengan meningkatnya investasi asing di Indonesia, terdapat kesadaran yang semakin besar bahwa Undang-Undang Kepailitan yang berlaku saat ini, yaitu Undang-undang No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang tanggal 18 Oktober 2004 mungkin tidak cukup untuk menangani permasalahan tersebut. dengan risiko kebangkrutan yang terkait dengan perusahaan multinasional dan transaksi transnasional, yang juga dikenal sebagai kebangkrutan lintas batas. Makalah ini berupaya menganalisis kerangka hukum atas permasalahan yang timbul dalam insolvensi lintas negara, seperti akses terhadap aset debitur di luar negeri, hak kreditur, dan yurisdiksi pengadilan demi perbaikan Undang-Undang Kepailitan di Indonesia. Penulis akan menggunakan pendekatan normatif untuk menemukan jawabannya. Analisis akan dimulai dengan kerangka hukum untuk insolvensi lintas negara berdasarkan Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency UNCITRAL yang mengatur permasalahan prosedural dalam Cross-Border Insolvency. Model Hukum UNCITRAL dirancang untuk meningkatkan kepastian hukum perdagangan dan investasi dan cocok untuk menarik investor agar berinvestasi di negara yang mengadopsi Model Hukum UNCITRAL. Bagian ini akan dilanjutkan dengan tinjauan singkat mengenai undang-undang kepailitan di Indonesia, khususnya mengenai bagaimana UU No. 37/2004 menangani isu-isu transnasional. Analisis terhadap beberapa proses kepailitan di Indonesia yang melibatkan kreditor asing, perusahaan multinasional atau perusahaan luar negeri akan dibahas pada bagian berikut. Penelitian penulis menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia mungkin belum siap untuk mengadopsi Model Hukum UNCITRAL tentang Kepailitan Lintas Batas dan harus fokus pada beberapa isu mendasar termasuk hak-hak kreditor dan yurisdiksi pengadilan atas perusahaan multinasional.
MODIFICATION OF PUBLIC CONTRACT: BETWEEN RULE OF FAIR COMPETITION AND FREEDOM OF CONTRACT PRINCIPLE Saputri, Theodora Pritadianing
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2018): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v4i2.3035

Abstract

It is internationally accepted that public procurement procedure and public contract shall be organized in accordance with the fair competition principle and fulfil the requirement of transparency. Public procurement regulations are necessary to secure the efficient use of taxpayer resources by the government in purchasing goods, services and works from the market and to ensure fair competition among the public contract should be protected and that therefore it would be necessary to amend existing regulations which prohibit or restrict this right derived from freedom of contract.  In addition, law makers should also put in place restriction with regard to corporate restructuring which main intention is to circumvent requirements of tender documents.
Prinsip Tata Kelola Perusahaan Yang Baik dan Prinsip Kewajaran Sebagai Batasan Vicarious Liability Perseroan Terbatas Saputri, Theodora Pritadianing
Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24246/jrh.2024.v8.i2.p249-268

Abstract

A limited liability company, as a fictional person in law, is represented by its organs in carrying out legal actions. When a third party suffers damages, the limited liability company should be responsible for the actions of its representative. The question arises whether the limited liability company should remain responsible for the action of its representative which is beyond its authority (ultra vires). This study uses a normative juridical research method to set limits for the application of vicarious liability against a limited liability company. This article draws several limitations which are (1) the link between the unlawful act and the perpetrator's position as a limited liability company employee, (2) the fact that the limited liability company through its management has implemented good corporate governance including carrying out internal controls, and (3) victims, relying on reasonableness principle, are allowed to assume that employees are carrying out their scope of work.
Pilihan Hukum Dan Pilihan Forum Dalam Sengketa Konstruksi Yang Melibatkan Badan Usaha Jasa Konstruksi Asing Saputri, Theodora Pritadianing
Widya Yuridika Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Law and Society
Publisher : Universitas Widya Gama Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31328/wy.v8i1.6099

Abstract

Project owners in Indonesia often involve foreign contractors in their construction projects. In projects that involve cross-border construction services, issues frequently arise regarding which law should govern the construction work contracts made by the parties. This is considering that Law Number 2 of 2017 on Construction Services in Indonesia stipulates that construction work contracts are subject to Indonesian law. However, in the provision of cross-border construction services, contractors will also perform some construction services in other jurisdictions and must comply with the regulations in those jurisdictions. This article, using an empirical juridical research method, will discuss the concepts of choice of law and choice of forum relevant to construction disputes. The construction disputes discussed here are not only those related to construction work contracts but also those related to building failures. From the study conducted, it is found that in determining the choice of law, the parties must also comply with mandatory legal principles applicable to the construction project. Furthermore, the choice of forum will be somewhat influenced by the choice of law agreed upon by the parties. However, for construction disputes not related to construction work contracts, the choice of law and forum becomes less relevant because the responsibility that arises is not based on a contractual relationship but on legal principles that protect the aggrieved party.
MODIFICATION OF PUBLIC CONTRACT: BETWEEN RULE OF FAIR COMPETITION AND FREEDOM OF CONTRACT PRINCIPLE Saputri, Theodora Pritadianing
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2018): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v4i2.3035

Abstract

It is internationally accepted that public procurement procedure and public contract shall be organized in accordance with the fair competition principle and fulfil the requirement of transparency. Public procurement regulations are necessary to secure the efficient use of taxpayer resources by the government in purchasing goods, services and works from the market and to ensure fair competition among the public contract should be protected and that therefore it would be necessary to amend existing regulations which prohibit or restrict this right derived from freedom of contract.  In addition, law makers should also put in place restriction with regard to corporate restructuring which main intention is to circumvent requirements of tender documents.