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Purwanto Purwanto
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Religion Social Sciences

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Pluralisme Agama dalam Prespektif Nurcholish Madjid Purwanto Purwanto
Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011): March
Publisher : Department of Religious Studies, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

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Abstract

It is an interesting to see how religious pluralism thrives and well applied in Indonesia. One plus point for such matter is as a response toward inter-religious tolerance in Indonesia in the latest period. Nurcholish Madjid is one of Muslim intellectualist who gives declarations on the religious pluralism concept in Indonesia. He is also known as the one who brings pluralism in observing issues relating to inter-religious relationship. His perspective of pluralism is wrapped in the context of Islamism, Indonesianism and modernism which is very interesting to review it. For one case, he takes into account religious pluralism based on Islamic point of view which is full of egalitarianism, opened and just. The idea of Nurcholish Madjid’s pluralism focuses on tawh}îd, in the context of philological and historical subject. It is to openly differentiate between the realm of God and the reality of mankind. Philological perspective comes from the process of redefining meaning of Islâm in Arabic language as “surrender” and “submission”, while the historical perspective comes with a number of facts in the history of religious plurality. This basic idea will initiate religious relativism, religious similarity, and religious freedom. Madjid’s idea allows Islam to view other religions and religious diversities. It is a universal vision: from exclusivism to inclusivism. Madjid’s opinion could be seen as intellectual concern to the realm of religious life. This article attempts to explore Madjid’s idea on religious pluralism
Melacak Pemikiran Masyarakat sebagai Jiwa Agama Purwanto Purwanto
Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Department of Religious Studies, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

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Abstract

Being understood of human life included in the way of thinking and behavior basically need to rely on three elemental points or social dimensions of society; social structure, social interaction and social institutions. The whole activities of human life, morality and laws, Jobs and relaxation, family and personality, knowledge, art and everything named as religion come and pass through those social dimensions. Religion is considered as the essential value that controls behavior of each individual of society. Functionalism says that superstructure of ideology is the main standard which affects the framework in social structure and infra-structure. To understand religiosity of a certain society depends on how we deeply know the life style of them. Later, it also depends on their social structure. In this context religion is commonly seen as the agent of moral socialization. Religion becomes the principal values that organize the attitude of society. To perform their activities, religious people will attempt to unify three elements of beliefs, symbols and rituals. This article tries to describe how the role of religion plays on the level of social through which elemental aspects of human life following and joining in shaping the condition of human life, behavior, ethic, culture, tradition and etcetera.
Toward A Constructive Postmodern Pluralism on the Perspectives of Alfred North Whitehead and David Ray Griffin Purwanto Purwanto
Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama Vol. 2 No. 2 (2012): September
Publisher : Department of Religious Studies, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

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Abstract

Tidak bisa dipungkiri perkembangan pemikiran keagamaan selalu memberikan corak yang dinamis, salah satunya adalah pemikiran tentang posmodernisme. Kaitannya dengan hal tersebut istilah pluralism posmodern konstruktif merupakan salah satu pemikiran posmodern yang menjadi kajian utama dalam tulisan ini. Meskipun banyak yang menolak penggunaan kata posmodernisme karena banyaknya asumsi yang berkembang namun istilah tersebut mempunyai kegunaan lebih dalam menyelami pemikiran-pemikiran yang berkembang saat ini. Saya menggunakan istilah tersebut untuk membedakan dua macam pluralism; 1) pluralism modern yang mencari kesamaan dasar pada tiap tradisi agama yang berbeda, dan 2) pluralisme posmodern yang menolak setiap pencarian dasar kesamaan berdasarkan penekanan terhadap keragaman dan keutamaan agama. Dari situ, artikel ini menjelaskan tentang ide-ide seputar pluralisme posmodern konstruktif (constructive postmodern pluralism). Selain itu, pembahasan dalam artikel ini lebih banyak bertumpu pada pemikiran dua tokoh, yakni Alfred North Whitehead, yang diperkenalkan dan dikembangkan oleh Cobb, dan David Ray Griffin. Pluralisme yang diusung dua tokoh ini melampaui gagasan pluralisme yang dijelaskan oleh John Hick, yaitu pluralisme yang menempatkan agama dalam posisi dasar the same down deep.
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