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Tri Harjaka
Department Of Crop Protection, Faculty Of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Journal : Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

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Uret Perusak Akar pada Rumput Halaman Kampus Tri Harjaka; Edhi Martono; Witjaksono Witjaksono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11730

Abstract

The study aims to identify of white grub attacking lawn in the park of campus of University of Gadjah Mada (UGM), Yogyakarta. Observations were conducted since July 2008 until January 2010. The results showed that Lepidiota stigma is a pest cause damage to the grass in the UGM park. The presence of beetles occurred in October of the same beginning of the rainy season. Flight and lay eggs period lasted from October 2009 until January 2010. First instar larvae of L. stigma began there in November and the third instar in the month of January 2010. Factors supporting the attack of L. stigma in the college environment is the availability of grass throughout the year, as the lights and the presence of trees as shelter for adult beetles.
Evaluasi Lanjut Penyebaran Lalat Argentina sebagai Pengendali Gulma Siam Tri Harjaka; Soeprapto Mangoendihardjo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11750

Abstract

The stem-galling fly, Cecidochares connexa is one of the natural enemies introduced into Indonesia for the control Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata). The research investigated to know the spread and establisment of C. connexa in Central Java and East Java. Survey was done in six districts started from Gunung Kidul until Madiun for sampling of Siam weed stems and calculate the parasitations of C. connexa. The results showed that C. connexa as natural enemies of Siam weed has established in Central Java and East Java with parasitation of stem reached 54.33%. C. connexa have spread more than 200 km from first site-released location in Wanagama I, Yogyakarta.
Characterization of A Baculovirus of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) Isolated from Yogyakarta Arman Wijonarko; Sedyo Hartono; Tri Harjaka; Nuri Yusmarlita
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 13, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11813

Abstract

A Baculovirus has been isolated from cadaver of larvae of Spodoptera litura, a Noctuidae of agricultural pest, importance due to its wide-range hosts and the damage to their respective host. Phase contrast light microscopy observation from infected larvae showed that the fat body, hemocyte cells, and cells surrounding the trachea or tracheolus were the most tissue invaded by polyhedra. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the occlusion body purified from diseased larva showed that the baculovirus envelope containing multiple nucleocapsid. Digestion of viral DNA with three restriction enzymes showed that the genome pattern of baculovirus isolated from Bantul were close to SpliNPV isolated from Japan and those of Spodoptera littoralis and quite distinct from those isolated from Southeast Asia region. Bioassay test performed on first to fifth instar larvae showed that the virus effectively control the young larvae, but showed some level of resistance against older larvae of Spodoptera litura.
Kisaran Inang Hama Krepes Suryanti Suryanti; Tri Harjaka
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11863

Abstract

Krepes is an acarina which caused damaged to Auricularia sp. cultivation. The fungi attacked by acarina will be dead and decayed. The host range test were done by inoculating krepes on several edible mushroom and on several stages of cultivated Auricularia sp. The research show that krepes attacks only Auricularia sp., and attack all stages of cultivated Auricularia sp.,
Kajian Beberapa Jamur Entomopatogenik pada Ulat Daun Kubis Hijau, Plutella xylostella Tri Harjaka; Suryanti Suryanti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12362

Abstract

The use of entomopathogenic fungi for controlling Diamond Back Moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella L. still limited. Even though there are some entomopathogenic fungi could infect DBM. The aim of this research is to know the kind of entomopatogenic fungi on DBM to be used as biological control agent. Some isolates of  fungi were collected  from DBM infected by  the fungi  on field  in Central Java and  Yogyakarta. Fungi infecting DBM was  isolated, and cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Purification, identification and  infection tests were done to know  the potency of each fungal isolates. The results showed thatfive species of fungi infecting DBM, are Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Paecilomyces sp. Entomophthora sp.and Hirsutella sp.
Beberapa Catatan Mengenai Hama Baru: Penggulung Daun Teh Siput Tanpa Cangkang, Parmarion pupillaris Bambang Rahayu T. P.; Siwi Indarti; Tri Harjaka
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 6, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12410

Abstract

In the past tea plantation at Pagilaran estate is attacked by leaf roller pests. These are Homona coffearia, Cydia leucostoma, and Gracilaria theifora. At present a slug Parmarion pupillaris is found and considered as a new leaf roller pest, because they live inside of the rolled leaf. This symptom is not known before. The population of Parmarion slug is high 3-4 slugs per bush of tea at the sub-division of Pagilaran estate of Pagilaran, Binorong and Garjito. This condition maybe supported by the weather that Pagilaran estate have a high rainfall of 4,842-6,067 mm per year with only 1-2 months of dry season.
Dampak Erupsi Merapi 2010 terhadap Serangga Penyerbuk Bunga Salak F. X. Wagiman; Ferryko Efendi; Tri Harjaka
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.15570

Abstract

The research was aimed at determining the impact of Merapi eruption in 2010 on pollinator insect of Salacca edulis. The research was conducted at Keringan hamlet, Wonokerto village, Turi District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Territory. Species and population of the insect were observed at salacca plantation that were damaged by Merapi eruption in 2010 in the following category: heavy damage, medium damage, light damage, and undamaged. Five respondents and 10 salacca plants/respondent were sampled for each of the damage category. Respondents were interviewed to understand their perception on the eruption impact against the pollinator insect. Results showed that the pollinator insect was Nodocnemis sp. The insect population was significantly influenced by the eruption. Population average on the damage category of heavy, medium, light, and undamaged were 8.59, 17.33, 31.35, and 61.10 individuals/flower, respectively. The insect population was also significantly influenced by the flower development, the highest population was observed on blooming stage (92.33 individuals/flower), while on stage of pre-and post blooming were 17.37 and 8.14 individuals/flower, respectively. The farmer respondents understood about the role of pollinator insect. They thought that the Merapi eruption influenced negatively to the pollinator insect. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak erupsi Merapi terhadap serangga penyerbuk bunga salak (Salacca edulis). Penelitian dilakukan di kebun salak di Dusun Keringan, Desa Wonokerto, Kecamatan Turi, Kabupaten Sleman, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, selama bulan Maret−Mei 2011. Jenis dan populasi serangga penyerbuk diamati in situ pada bunga salak yang belum mekar, mekar, dan lewat mekar. Bunga salak diamati di kebun salak yang rusak akibat erupsi Merapi 2010 berdasarkan kategori rusak berat, rusak sedang, rusak ringan, dan tidak rusak. Pada setiap kategori kerusakan kebun diambil sampel 5 (lima) petani salak responden dan 10 pohon salak jantan yang berbunga diambil dari kebun milik masing-masing responden. Wawancara terhadap petani dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kesan petani terhadap dampak erupsi Merapi terhadap serangga penyerbuk bunga salak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis serangga penyerbuk adalah Nodocnemis sp. Populasi Nodocnemis sp. secara signifikan (P <0.05) dipengaruhi oleh erupsi Merapi. Rerata populasi (ekor/tandan bunga jantan) pada kebun yang rusak berat, rusak sedang, rusak ringan, dan tidak rusak sebesar 8,59; 17,33; 31,35; dan 61,10. Populasi Nodocnemis sp. juga dipengaruhi oleh tingkat perkembangan bunga salak; paling tinggi pada bunga mekar (92,33 ekor/tandan bunga jantan), sedang pada bunga belum mekar dan lewat mekar sebesar 17,37 dan 8,14 ekor/tandan bunga jantan. Petani responden paham tentang peran serangga penyerbuk bunga salak dan berkesan bahwa erupsi Merapi berdampak negatif terhadap serangga  penyerbuk tersebut. 
Keragaman Genetik Metarhizium anisopliae dan Virulensinya pada Larva Kumbang Badak (Oryctes rhinoceros) Aisyah Surya Bintang; Arif Wibowo; Tri Harjaka
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.16015

Abstract

Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) is one of the important pests of coconut tree. One of eco-friendly control applied for this pest is by using entomopathogenic fungiMetarhizium anisopliae. There is not much information about the variability and virulence of M. anisopliae toward O. rhinoceros. M. anisopliae isolates obtained from Biological Control Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada were cultured on PDA medium.M. anisopliae isolates was isolated from O. rhinoceros larvae (MaOr), Lepidiota stigma larvae (MaLs), Brontispa longissima beetle (MaBl).O. rhinoceros beetles were obtained from Kulon Progo, DIY. This study used molecular test, and virulence test toward 3rd stadium of O. rhinoceros larvae by using dipping method. Molecular test by sequence and phylogenetic analysis, showed that MaOr was located at different group (out group) with MaLs and MaBr. On the density 107 conidium/ml MaOr and MaLs were more virulent than MaBl towards 3rd stadium of O. rhinoceros larvae.INTISARIKumbang badak (Oryctes rhinoceros) merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman kelapa. Salah satu upaya pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan jamur entomopatogen, yakni Metarhizium anisopliae. Belum banyak diketahui mengenai keragaman dan juga virulensi dari M. anisopliae terhadap O. rhinoceros. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik M. anisopliae dan virulensinya pada larva kumbang badak. Isolat yang digunakan berasal dari Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada dalam bentuk kultur murni pada medium PDA. Isolat yang gunakan diisolasi dari larvaOryctes rhinoceros (MaOr), larva Lepidiota stigma (MaLs), dan kumbang Brontispa longissima (MaBl). Serangga yang diuji berasal dari daerah Kulon Progo, DIY. Pengujian secara molekuler dengan analisis sekuensing dan filogenetik, menunjukkan bahwa isolat MaOr terletak pada grup yang berbeda dengan MaLs dan MaBl berdasarkan pada urutan basa DNA. Pada kerapatan 107 konidium/ml isolat MaOr dan MaLs lebih virulen terhadap larva O. rhinoceros instar 3 dibandingkan dengan MaBl.
Tekanan Metarhizium anisopliae dan Feromon terhadap Populasi dan Tingkat Kerusakan oleh Oryctes rhinoceros Wtjaksono Witjaksono; Arman Wijonarko; Tri Harjaka; Irma Harahap; Wahyu Budi Sampurno
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.17260

Abstract

Oryctes rhinoceros is one of the most serious pests in coconut palm tree. Biological control for controlling the pest is done by applying fungal entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae on its breeding sites to infect the larvae. Recent development for controlling Oryctes beetle was including the use of pheromone trap baited with ethyl-4-methyl octanoic which attract both male and female of the Oryctes beetle. This research was aimed to determine the effect of combination of both entomopathogen and pheromone application on the population dynamics of rhinoceros beetle, and the intensity of leaf damage on coconut tree. For this purpose, a research was conducted in local farmer coconut tree in the Bojong Village, Panjatan District, Kulon Progo from June 2009−January 2010. Observation including leaf damage intensity before and after application, the number of adult beetle trapped by pheromone, and the number infected larvae in the breeding site. The result showed that there were significant differences among all treatments in term of intensity of leaf damage, the number of trapped adult beetle, and the number of larvae at the breeding site. Leaf damage on control, pheromone application, and combined treatment were: 4.73%; 1.08% and 0.65%. The number of trapped Rhinoceros beetle by ferotrap was 101; in combined treatment was 52. The number of M. anisopliae infected grub were 265 out of 281 total observed grub. INTISARIKerusakan tanaman kelapa akibat serangan Oryctes rhinoceros terjadi mulai pada tanaman muda. Mengingat besarnya kerugian yang ditimbulkan, maka perlu diupayakan cara pengendalian yang efisien, efektif dan aman bagi sumber daya alam dan lingkungan. Salah satu cara pengendalian secara hayati adalah dengan menggunakan cendawan patogenik Metarhizium anisopliae. Selain menggunakan cendawan, upaya terkini dalam mengendalikan kumbang badak adalah dengan menggunakan perangkap berferomon. Feromon dengan bahan aktif Etil-4-metil oktanoat dapat memikat kumbang Oryctes jantan maupun betina. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gabungan feromon dan Metarhizium anisopliae terhadap dinamika populasi O. rhinoceros dan intensitas kerusakan pada tanaman kelapa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun kelapa rakyat di Desa Bojong, Kecamatan Panjatan, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, dari bulan Juni 2009 sampai dengan Januari 2010. Parameter yang diamati adalah intensitas kerusakan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan, jumlah imago yang terperangkap oleh feromon, dan jumlah larva yang berada di breeding site. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan uji DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat beda nyata pada intensitas serangan, jumlah imago dan jumlah larva pada semua perlakuan. Intensitas serangan baru, yakni serangan yang terjadi setelah dilakukan pengendalian, secara berurut dari yang tertinggi adalah perlakuan kontrol, perlakuan perangkap berferomon, dan perlakuan gabungan yakni sebesar 4,73%; 1,08%; dan 0,65%. Jumlah imago yang terperangkap sebesar 101 ekor pada perlakuan ferotrap dan 52 ekor pada perlakuan gabungan. Larva yang terinfeksi M.anisopliae sebanyak 265 ekor dari total 281 ekor. 
Detection of Cocoa Pod Borer Infestation Using Sex Pheromone Trap and its Control by Pod Wrapping Dian Rahmawati; Fransiscus Xaverius Wagiman; Tri Harjaka; Nugroho Susetya Putra
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (27.916 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.22659

Abstract

Cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is a major pest of cocoa. Detection of the pest infestation using sex pheromone traps in the early growth and development of cocoa pods is important for an early warning system programme. In order to prevent the pest infestation the young pods were wrapped with plastic bags. A research to study the CPB incidence was conducted at cocoa plantations in Banjarharjo and Banjaroya villages, District of Kalibawang; Hargotirto and Hargowilis villages, District of Kokap; and Pagerharjo village, District of Samigaluh, Yogyakarta. The experiments design used RCBD with four treatments (sex pheromone trap, combination of sex pheromone trap and pod wrapping, pod wrapping, and control) and five replications. As many as 6 units/ha pheromone traps were installed with a distance of 40 m in between. Results showed that one month prior to the trap installation in the experimental plots there were ripen cocoa pods as many as 9-13%, which were mostly infested by CPB. During the time period of introducting research on August to Desember 2016 there was not rambutan fruits as the CPB host, hence the CPB resource was from infested cocoa pods. The CPB moth trapped as many as 0−7 (1.13 ± 0.14) moths/6 traps/12 observations. The seed damage due to CPB larvae in the pheromone trap treatments (23.98%) was relatively similar with the control (20.25%). Seed damage rate in combination treatment of pheromone trap and pod wrapping (0.59%) was relatively the same with the pod wrapping (0.20%). The pheromone trap was more usefull for monitoring tool rather than for control, meanwhile pod wrapping was an effective control measure of CPB. IntisariPenggerek Buah Kakao (PBK), Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) merupakan salah satu hama utama kakao. Deteksi serangan hama PBK dengan perangkap feromon seks pada awal pertumbuhan dan perkembangan buah kakao penting dilakukan sebagai sistem peringatan dini. Dalam upaya pencegahan serangan hama tersebut dilakukan pembrongsongan buah muda. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun kakao rakyat di Desa Banjarharjo dan Banjaroya, Kecamatan Kalibawang, Desa Hargotirto dan Hargowilis, Kecamatan Kokap, serta kebun PT Pagilaran di Desa Pagerharjo, Kecamatan Samigaluh, Yogyakarta. Percobaan dengan empat perlakuan (perangkap feromon, kombinasi perangkap feromon dan brongsong, brongsong, kontrol) dan lima ulangan menggunakan rancangan RCBD. Perangkap feromon sebanyak 6 unit/ha dipasang dengan jarak antar perangkap sekitar 40 m. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa satu bulan sebelum pemasangan perangkap terdapat buah tua sebanyak 9−13 % dan umumnya terserang PBK. Selama kajian berlangsung tidak terdapat buah rambutan sebagai inang PBK sehingga sumber PBK diduga hanya dari buah kakao yang terserang. Ngengat PBK yang tertangkap yaitu sebanyak 0−7 (1,13±0,14) ekor/6 perangkap/12 pengamatan. Intensitas kerusakan biji akibat ulat PBK pada perlakuan perangkap feromon (23,98%) relatif sama dengan kontrol (20,25%). Kerusakan biji kakao pada perlakuan kombinasi perangkap feromon dan pembrongsongan (0,59%) relatif sama dengan pembrongsongan saja (0,20%). Perangkap feromon lebih berfungsi sebagai alat monitoring daripada alat pengendalian PBK, sedangkan pembrongsongan buah merupakan teknologi pengendalian PBK yang efektif.
Co-Authors Aisyah Surya Bintang Arif Wibowo Arman Wijonarko Arman Wijonarko Arman Wijonarko Bambang Rahayu T. P. Dian Rahmawati Edhi Martono Edhi Martono Edi Eko Sasmito Ferryko Efendi Fransiscus Xaverius Wagiman Indah Dwi Prasetyaningrum Irma Harahap Nugroho Susetya Putra Nuri Yusmarlita Rich G. Simanjuntak Rizki Dwi Wahyuningsih SEDYO HARTONO Siwi Indarti Soeprapto Mangoendihardjo Suputa Suputa Suryanti Suryanti Ummi Maysaroh Wahyu Budi Sampurno Wisuda, Nova Laili Witjaksono Witjaksono Wtjaksono Witjaksono Y. Andi Trisyono Y. Andi Trisyono