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All Journal Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia SCIENCE TECH: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan) Agrocentrum
Rich G. Simanjuntak
Department Of Plant Protection, Faculty Of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Engineering Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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ANALISIS FENOTIP KAMUFLASE SERANGGA RANTING [(LOPAPHUS TRANSIENS (REDTENBACHER, 1908)] DI ANDONG, MAGELANG, JAWA TENGAH Anisa Fatwa; Rich G. Simanjuntak; Susilo Hadi
Science Tech: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Vol 6 No 1 (2020): Februari
Publisher : Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.692 KB) | DOI: 10.30738/jst.v6i1.7011

Abstract

Abstract Camouflage is an adaptation where animals can blend into the colors and patterns of their environment. Lopaphus transiens has a color that is similar to the color of its environment. The aim of this study is to determine the level of similarity of L. transiens body color with the habitat in Mount Andong, Magelang, Central Java. The data were retrieved using a VES (Visual Encounter Survey) method by taking pictures with a Canon 1200D camera. The RGB (Red, Green, Blue) mean values from photographs of 16 males and 16 females were calculated with the ImageJ software to found the Euclidian Distance out and were tested with SPSS. Euclidian Distance (D) is used to measure the range of the color’s similarity between two objects. This conformity index range from 0 (similar) to 1 (different). There were no significant differences between animal’s D and their environment in both gender. The D value of L. transiens male was 0.087 and 0.125 in females, both had small values and there were not significantly different. The conclusion was both male and female had a great camouflage ability in their environment. Therefore, the camouflaging capability of L. transiens can be applied in military sector. Keywords: Camouflage; Color; Lopaphus transiens; Euclidian Distance; Military Abstrak Kamuflase adalah adaptasi dimana hewan seloah dapat menyatu dengan warna dan pola lingkungan mereka. Kamuflase telah diadopsi oleh manusia, terutama di sektor militer. Lopaphus transiens memiliki warna yang sangat mirip dengan warna lingkungannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesamaan warna tubuh L. transiens dengan habitatnya di Gunung Andong, Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Data diambil menggunakan metode VES (Visual Encounter Survey) dengan mengambil gambar dengan kamera Canon 1200D. Data diperoleh dari foto-foto 16 individu jantan dan 16 betina. Nilai rata-rata RGB (Red, Green, Blue) dihitung dengan bantuan perangkat lunak ImageJ. Setiap rata-rata RGB dari setiap sampel dirata-rata untuk mengetahui Euclidian Distance pada individu jantan dan betina kemudian diuji dengan SPSS. Euclidian Distance (D) digunakan untuk mengukur rentang kesamaan warna antara dua objek. Indeks kesesuaian ini berkisar dari 0 (mirip) hingga 1 (berbeda). Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara D hewan dan lingkungannya pada masing-masing gender. Nilai D dari L. transiens jantan adalah 0,087 sedangkan nilai pada betina adalah 0,125, keduanya memiliki nilai kecil dan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keduanya memiliki kemampuan kamuflase yang baik di lingkungan mereka. Kemampuan kamuflase L. transiens dapat diterapkan, dengan modifikasi, untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kamuflase sektor militer. Kata Kunci: Kamuflase; Warna; Lopaphus transiens; Euclidian Distance; Militer
Geometric Morphometrics Analysis of Chelae and Carapace of the Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 Rich Gemilang Simanjuntak; Rury Eprilurahman
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 7 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sci and Tech, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/bio.v7i1.7803

Abstract

The shape of chelae and carapace can be used to distinguish between species of prawn. This study aims to determine the variations in the shape of chelae and carapace in several species belonging to the genus Macrobrachium using analysis of geometric morphometric. This study uses photos of specimens that have been processed with several TPS software. Data analyzed statistically by PCA using the MorphoJ software. Clustering analysis using UPGMA method using PAST software. The results showed the carapace shape grid deformation varied at the tip of the rostrum, the tip of the ocular spine and the lower curvature of the front of the carapace, and the base spines of rostrum. Grid deformation in the shape of chelae varies at the tip of the pollex, the junction between the pollex and the manus on the inferior margin of the propodus, the upper and lower points marking the junction of the dactylus with the propodus. PCA shows the total variation of the carapace shape is 82.66% which is divided into PC1: 75.11% and PC2: 7.55%. While the total variation of the shape of chelae is 87.56% which is divided into PC1: 55.49% and PC2: 32.07%. Clustering analysis shows the grouping of populations of Macrobrachium, the first group is M. latidactylus and M. sintangense, the second group includes M. horstii and M. latimanus. M. lar is a species that shows the similarity of the shape of the carapace and chelae with the two groups. M. rosenbergii and M. pilimanus are on different lines.
Biology and Demography of Helopeltis bradyi Waterhouse (Hemiptera: Miridae) Reared on Cucumbers Rich Gemilang Simanjuntak; Tri Harjaka; Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.71761

Abstract

Helopeltis bradyi is often used as for research and is required in large numbers. The insects were obtained from cacao plants and reared with cucumber fruit in the laboratory. This study aimed to determine the biology and demography of H. bradyi reared on cucumber under laboratory conditions. The demographic parameters observed were net reproduction rate (Ro), gross reproduction rate (GRR), intrinsic growth rate (r), average generation period (T), and population doubling (DT). The results showed that the egg stage lasted for 6.33 ± 0.47 days, the developmental period of the I‒V instar nymph was 2.13 ± 0.34, 2.07 ± 0.25, 2.13 ± 0.34, 2.33 ± 0.47, and 3.20 ± 0.40 days. The lifespan of male imagoes were 32.33 ± 4.92 days, and female imagoes were 24.60 ± 6.64 days. The adult female pre-oviposition period was 2.2 ± 0.40 days and oviposition period of 22.9 ± 4.66 days. H. bradyi has a type III survival curve which indicated high mortality rates during the first instar egg and nymph population. Demographic statistics of H. bradyi on cucumbers fruit are GRR of 296 individuals per generation, Ro of 196 individuals per parent per generation, rate of r of 0.18 individuals per parent per day, T of  29.34 days, and DT of  3.85 days.
Evaluasi Kultivar Apel dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (Sitokinin-Auksin) Terhadap Tingkat Keberhasilan Eksplan Apel Secara In Vitro: Evaluation of Apple Cultivars and Growth Regulators (Cytokinin-Auxin) on The Success Rate of Apple Explants In Vitro Hidayatullah, Careca Sepdihan Rahmat; Santoso, Untung; Nursandi, Fatimah; Simanjuntak, Rich Gemilang; Priliraningrum, Oentari
Agrocentrum Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Agrocentrum
Publisher : Agriculture Faculty - UPN "Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/agrocentrum.v2i2.45

Abstract

Successful in vitro propagation can support the provision of large, fast and highquality apple seeds. Growth regulators commonly used in culture techniques are cytokinins and auxins. the addition of 4 ppm BAP to the culture media can increase the lipid content and biomass 1.26 times higher in microalgae. This study aims to evaluate the ability of apple cultivars and the growth regulators BAP (Benzyl amino purine) and IAA (Indole acetic acid) to regenerate apple shoots in vitro. The experimental design used RAK (randomized block design) 2 factors. The first factor was shoots from four apple cultivars, namely Fuji, Red delicious, gala, and manalagi. The media used were 1) MS + 3 mg/L BAP + 0.2 mg/L IAA, 2) MS + 6 mg/L BAP + 0.2 mg/L IAA, 3) MS + 3 mg/L BAP + 0.3 mg/L IAA, and 4) MS + 6 mg/L BAP + 0.3 mg/L IAA. Based on the percentage of live explants, apple shoots show a relatively high level of success in the Fuji apple cultivar for all BAP-IAA growth regulator compositions, namely 3 mg/L BAP + 0.2 mg/L IAA, 6 mg/L BAP + 0.2 mg/L IAA, 3 mg/L BAP + 0.3 mg/L IAA, and 6 mg/L BAP + 0.3 mg/L IAA. Apple cultivars and growth regulators did not show a significant effect on the percentage of live explants, green color of shoots, explant contamination and number of leaves. There is a need for further studies regarding the type of explant with the right type of cytokinin hormone to regenerate green shoots more optimally.
RESPONS POPULASI Sitophilus oryzae TERHADAP VARIASI SUHU PADA MEDIA BERAS: STUDI AWAL UNTUK PERLINDUNGAN HASIL PERTANIAN: POPULATION RESPONSES OF Sitophilus oryzae TO TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN RICE MEDIA: A PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR THE PROTECTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS Simanjuntak, Rich Gemilang; Farida, Naimatul
Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jurnalhpt.2025.013.3.3

Abstract

Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) merupakan hama pascapanen utama yang merusak komoditas serealia, terutama beras. Infestasi S. oryzae menyebabkan kerusakan fisik dan kontaminasi, yang berdampak serius pada ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh suhu terhadap aspek biologi dan dinamika populasi S. oryzae pada media beras, meliputi siklus hidup, kelangsungan hidup, ukuran tubuh, dan nisbah kelamin. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium dengan dua perlakuan suhu, yaitu 26,2 ± 0,3 °C dan 30,6 ± 0,3 °C. Tiga puluh butir telur pada setiap perlakuan yang diamati secara berkala hingga menjadi imago. Data dianalisis menggunakan tabel kehidupan dan uji two-sample T-Test tidak berpasangan dua arah  (two-tailed). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu tinggi mempercepat perkembangan siklus hidup dan menghasilkan individu dengan panjang tubuh lebih besar. Mortalitas tertinggi pada semua perlakuan terjadi pada fase larva, dengan pola kelangsungan hidup tipe III. Nilai harapan hidup (ex) pada semua tahap lebih tinggi daripada proporsi mortalitas (qx), yang menunjukkan potensi pertumbuhan populasi yang positif. Rasio jenis kelamin mendukung dominasi betina, yang berkontribusi pada peningkatan populasi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa suhu merupakan faktor abiotik penting yang menentukan dinamika populasi S. oryzae, sehingga informasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk merancang strategi pengendalian hama pascapanen yang lebih efektif dan ramah lingkungan.
Co-Authors Anisa Fatwa Arman Wijonarko Careca Sepdihan Rahmat Hidayatullah Farida, Naimatul Fatimah Nursandi Rury Eprilurahman Susilo Hadi Sutanto, Oentari Prilaningrum Tri Harjaka