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All Journal Agroland : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
T. June
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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THE USE OF CLIMATE INFORMATION FOR DEVELOPING EARLY WARNING SYSTEM TO BROWN PLANT HOPPER ATTACK ON PADDIES SUSANTI, ERNI; RAMADHANI, F.; JUNE, T.; AMIEN, L.I
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Crop pests and diseases are limiting factors in determining crops production. Brown Plant Hopper/BPH (Nilaparvata lugens) is the major crop pests and diseases for rice in Asia since 1970?s. The presence of BPH is depending upon several conditions covering pathogenic characteristics, carriers, physical environment (rainfall, temperature, humidity etc.) and biotic environment (natural enemy, competitor organisms). BPH growth is very fast delivering huge amount of eggs, has a short life cycle (28 days) with fast distribution forces and incredible attack forces. BPH is very dynamic in their live assuming due to the climatic condition of their habitat. This is the reason why climate can be used as an indicator for early warning to anticipate the area attack of BPH especially and in general for crop pests and diseases control. The relationship between pest and diseases attack and climate parameters such as rainfall, mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean humidity, maximum humidity, and minimum humidity can be analyzed using multiple regression. The early warning system is developed using software of MS Access, Arc View, Map Object, and Visual Basic that can be a dynamic and interactive system. The results of analysis showed that climate parameter has a correlation with the area attack of BPH only during the La-Niña years. Those parameters include rainfall, maximumtemperature, maximum temperature at two weeks before attack, minimum temperature, and minimum temperature at two weeks before attack. The early warning system is started by entering the climate prediction for the next cropping season where the time is subject to prediction, at a certain sub-district. After inputting data of climate prediction the system will provide information of potential area attack of BPH at that location. By performing information of potential area attack the anticipative action can be designed earlier so that the crops harvest failure can be reduced.
INTERSEPSI HUJAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMINDAHAN ENERGI DAN MASSA PADA HUTAN TROPIKA BASAH ” STUDI KASUS TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU” Abdul Rauf; H. Pawitan; T. June; C. Kusmana; G. Gravenhorst
Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (230.262 KB)

Abstract

The field observation of this research was conducted from June 2005 – May 2007 in tropical rainforest at Lore Lindu National Park Central Sulawesi. The main objectives of this research  were to study  (i) the relationships between interception loss and rainfall properties and vegetation characters and to determine the dominant factors affected (ii) the effect of  rainfall interception on energy flux and mass transfer and  (iii) the dynamics of vertical energy flux under the forest and grass land. Rainfall interception was  36.34 % of gross rainfall in 200 events, Depth rainfall and LAI factors had strong effects on rainfall interception. The relationships could be expressed  as  Ic = 0.980+0.239P+0.035LAI  (R2 = 0.78).  The output of this equation was compared with Gash model and the observation value showed that deviation of the equation was  1 % and less than Gash model, so that equation gave as good result as Gash model gave. By considering the data requirements and calculation procedures it was concluded that this equation is applicable for interception prediction. Land use type had effects on  radiative and energy balance. Net radiation (Rn) in the forest was 10.66 MJ/m2/day and higher than  in the  grass land where incident global radiation was similar. Vertical latent heat flux in the forest was 9.53 MJ/m2/day or 89.40% Rn in rainy day and  8.41 MJ/m2/day or 74.56 % Rn in   dry day, on the other hand,  in the grass land, sensible heat flux was higher  than latent heat flux of all weather condition.  Direct effect of rainfall interception on energy flux  and mass transfer might be described that is needed latent heat 9.0 MJ/m2/rainy day to evaporate the rain intercepted of 3.69 mm/rainy day. Effect of rainfall interception had positive correlation with  latent heat flux and the negative correlation  with sensible heat flux.  
Co-Authors ABDUL RAUF C. Kusmana Erni Susanti F. Ramadhani G. Gravenhorst H. Pawitan L.I AMIEN