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All Journal Bumi Lestari Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Jovita Tri Astuti
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Environmental Science

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ECOLOGICAL APPROACH ON SANITATION: COMPOSTING OF HUMAN EXCRETA USING BIOTOILET WITH LIGNOCELLULOSES WASTE MATERIAL AS MATRIX Jovita Tri Astuti; Dewi Nilawati; Neni Sintawardani
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 16 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/blje.2016.v16.i01.p01

Abstract

This study was aimed to evaluate the characteristic and prospect of lignocelluloses waste material, i.e. mixtured wood sawdust as matrix in composting human excreta using Biotoilet. Initially, 26.4 kg mixtured wood sawdust (+4/-32 mesh) moisture 11.84% was filled into Biotoilet chamber, and added with 20L tap water to achieve ±50% moisture. Mixer in Biotoilet was adjusted to run-on intermittently with interval 15 min, each for 2 min, i.e. 1 min to clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. Exhaust fan with flow rate of 0.04m3.sec-1 was operated continuously to ensure proper aeration. Human excreta were loaded daily to Biotoilet chamber for 90 days which would be composted. Data showed that temperature of composting system was 25.70-43.67oC. Moisture was 22.27-53.20% and pH 6.20-7.00. C/N ratio composted residual sawdust was 25:1. Ash, N, P, and K content were 11.78; 1.78; 0.85; and 0.95%, respectively. Bad odor was not created during composting. It was concluded mixtured wood sawdust could be used as matrix for composting human excreta. The compost could be categorized into Class-A that safe for food and non-food plant. Application of mixture wood sawdust as matrix in Biotoilet for composting human excreta could improve sanitation, prevent water degradation, at once increase soil quality for agricultural.
Pengaruh Sodium Hidroksida dan Hidrogen Peroksida terhadap Rendemen dan Warna Pulp dari Serat Daun Nenas The Effect of Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide on the Yield and Color of Pulp from Pineapple Leaf Fiber Holia Onggo; Jovita Tri Astuti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (254.474 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v3i1.304

Abstract

Chemical pulping process of pineapple leaf fiber with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and bleaching process of pulp with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were conducted to see the influence of treatment on the yield and the color of the pulp produced. Raw materials were cayenne type pineapple leaf of 6~7 months old from Subang, West Java. Color was measured with a Portable Color Difference Meter Model CDX-105 with CIE 1976 L*a*b* (CIELAB) method.The result showed that  NaOH and H2O2 can be used for bleached pulp making. The pulp yield of the treatment decreased but their lightness of the color increased. The optimum pulp properties were obtained by using 10% NaOH  at 100°C and solid to liquid ratio 1:20 at 1 hour cooking time. The yield was 73% and value of L* around 84.6. By using 2% H2O2, the yield decreased 7.6% but the value of L* increased to 92.2.  The color of the pulp was white.  Value of the different color (DE*ab) compare to the white standard is 8.7. Decreasing of its yield caused by dissolving of  lignin, non fiber and pigment.
Co-Authors Dewi Nilawati Holia Onggo Neni Sintawardani