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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Yoeswono Yoeswono
Training Center BP Migas, Jl. Sorogo no 1, Cepu, Central Java
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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KINETICS OF PALM OIL TRANSESTERIFICATION IN METHANOL WITH POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE AS A CATALYST Yoeswono Yoeswono; Triyono Triyono; Iqmal Tahir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 8, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (172.786 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21625

Abstract

A study on palm oil transesterification to evaluate the effect of some parameters in the reaction on the reaction kinetics has been carried out. Transesterification was started by preparing potassium methoxide from potassium hydroxide and methanol and then mixed it with the palm oil. An aliquot was taken at certain time interval during transesterification and poured into test tube filled with distilled water to stop the reaction immediately. The oil phase that separated from the glycerol phase by centrifugation was analyzed by 1H-NMR spectrometer to determine the percentage of methyl ester conversion. Temperature and catalyst concentration were varied in order to determine the reaction rate constants, activation energies, pre-exponential factors, and effective collisions. The results showed that palm oil transesterification in methanol with 0.5 and 1 % w/w KOH/palm oil catalyst concentration appeared to follow pseudo-first order reaction. The rate constants increase with temperature. After 13 min of reaction, More methyl esters were formed using KOH 1 % than using 0.5 % w/w KOH/palm oil catalyst concentration. The activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) for reaction using 1 % w/w KOH was lower than those using 0.5 % w/w KOH.
Ekstraksi Kalium dari Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit Sebagai Katalis Pada Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Mohammad Imaduddin; Yoeswono Yoeswono; Karna Wijaya; Iqmal Tahir
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2008: BCREC Volume 3 Issue 1-3 Year 2008 (December 2008)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.3.1-3.7119.14-20

Abstract

Process of the transesterification reaction of palm oil with methanol by using ash of palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) as base catalyst has been conducted. The studied variables were effect of weight ash of EFB (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 g) and the molar ratio (3:1; 6:1; 9:1; and 12:1) of methanol to palm oil. Sample of ash was prepared through heating, screening, and reashing. A certain amount of ash was extracted in methanol with mixing for about 1 h at room temperature and the product was used as catlayst for transesterification process. The composition of the methyl esters (biodiesel) was analyzed using GC-MS and 1H NMR, whereas characters of biodiesel were analyzed using ASTM methods. The results of AAS analysis showed that potassium carbonate content in ash of EFB was 25.92% w/w. The main components of biodiesel were mixture of methyl palmitate and methyl oleat as the major compounds. The increasing of EFB ash weight (catalyst concentration) in reaction of transesterification enhanced the biodiesel conversion of 53.0; 76.9; 88.2; 90.5 and 97.8% (w/w) respectively. The increasing of the molar ratio of methanol to palm oil, the biodiesel conversion enhanced too, that were 74.0; 90.5; 92.3 and 98.8% (w/w) respectively. The properties of biodiesel were relatively conformed with specification of biodiesel (ASTM D 6751). © 2008 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Co-Authors Iqmal Tahir Iqmal Tahir Iqmal Tahir Karna Wijaya Mohammad Imaduddin Mohammad Imaduddin Triyono Triyono