<![CDATA[Pengembangan teknologi haploidisasi merupakan salah satu terobosan yang diharapkan mampumempercepat kebangkitan industri florikultura di Indonesia. Teknologi tersebut dapat menghasilkan tanaman homozigotmurni atau tanaman haploid ganda. Tujuan penelitian ialah (1) mengetahui tahap perkembangan bunga, mikrospora,dan viabilitasnya, (2) mendapatkan medium inisiasi yang potensial untuk kultur anter atau mikrospora anyelir.Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung dan LaboratoriumMicrotechnique, Departemen Agronomi, Institut Pertanian Bogor, mulai September 2009 sampai dengan Oktober 2010.Bahan tanaman yang digunakan ialah lima genotip Dianthus chinensis. Pengamatan mikrospora dengan pengecatanmenggunakan DAPI dan FDA, seleksi medium inisiasi, dan tanaman donor dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitianini menghasilkan lima genotip D. chinensis yang memiliki kecepatan anthesis yang relatif sama, yaitu berkisar antara14-16 hari, mempunyai ciri-ciri spesifik, yaitu adanya perubahan warna anter pada fase perkembangan kuncup bungayang sama dan pada genotip V11, V13, dan V15 yang memiliki ukuran mikrospora bervariasi. Jumlah mikrosporaper anter terbanyak ditemukan pada genotip V11, yaitu 30.400. Rasio tahap perkembangan mikrospora berubahsejalan dengan perubahan tahap perkembangan kuncup bunga dengan persentase late-uninucleate tertinggi (44,64%)pada saat kuncup bunga mencapai ukuran antara 1,31 dan 1,51 cm, dan belum ada perubahan warna anter. Viabilitasmikrospora berkisar antara 40-60% dan persentase tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh genotip V11. Fase perkembanganmikrospora T3 (ukuran kuncup 1,31-1,50 cm, warna anter putih) berpotensi untuk pengujian lebih lanjut. Mediuminisiasi yang dipilih ialah medium M2 dan M5 yang akan diuji lebih lanjut. Genotip V11 ditetapkan sebagai tanamandonor utama, sedang genotip lain yang berpotensi yaitu V13 dan V15. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai langkahawal pembuatan protokol kultur anter tanaman anyelir. AbstractThe development of haploid technology is one of the breakthrough innovation to fasten the revival of floricultureindustry in Indonesia. Homozygous double haploid plants can be produced through this technology. The aims of thisresearch were to determine (1) flower development stage, microspores, and survival, (2) isolation techniques andmedium having the potential for initiation of anther or microspores culture of carnation. The study was conducted atthe Tissue Culture Laboratory, Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, Segunung, and the MicrotechniqueLaboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bogor Agricultural University, from September 2009 to October 2010. Fivegenotypes of Dianthus chinensis were used in this study. Periodically observations of anther morphology, DAPI andFDA staining, selection of medium, and donor plants were done in this research. The results showed that the D. chinensisgenotypes tested had relatively the same growth speed of anther ranged from 14 to 16 days, special characteristics incolor change of anther of the flower bud stage development of the same genotype and variation of microspore sizeamong the genotypes V11, V13, and V15. The highest number of microspores per anther was presented in genotypeV11 (30,400). The ratio of microspore developmental stage changed in line with flower bud development stagewith the highest percentage of late-uninucleate (44.64%) at flower bud size between 1.31 to 1.51 cm, and there wasno change in color of anther. Microspore viability ranged between 40 and 60%, and the highest percentage shownby genotype V11. Microspore development phase of T3 (bud size 1.31-1.50 cm, white anther color) had potentialfor further testing. The selected initiation media were M2 and M5, which will be examined further. Genotype V11designated as a major donor plant, while the other potential genotypes were V13 and V15. The results of this studyare useful as a first step to develop anther culture protocol on carnation.]]>
