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INVENTARISASI FAKTOR KEBERLANJUTAN REDUKSI SAMPAH PLASTIK MELALUI PROSES PIROLISIS Rijal Hakiki
JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN KARYA ILMIAH LEMBAGA PENELITIAN UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Trisakti

Cemaran plastik sebagai mikroplastik di perairan menjadi masalah global. Plastik adalah salah satu produk turunan minyak bumi yang komponen penyusunannya berupa senyawaan karbon yang masih memiliki nilai kalor. Pirolisis merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan termal yang dapat meminimalisir emisi dari hasil pembakaran sejalan dengan reduksi timbulan sampah plastik di lingkungan. Telah banyak dikembangkan reaktor pirolisis komersial yang mayoritasnya masih dibuat dalam kapasitas besar dan menggunakan bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energi reaktornya. Hal tersebut menjadi pertanyaan besar sehubungan dengan fenomena “trade offs” jejak karbon dan isu netralitas karbon pada proses pirolisis berbasis bahan bakar fosil. Artikel ini mencoba membahas inventarisasi faktor-faktor keberlanjutan proses pirolisis plastik mengacu pada berbagai literatur terkini yang kajiannya dilakukan secara sistematis terhadap berbagai rekomendasi strategi khsusunya pada aspek teknis. Secara teknis proses pirolisis dapat mereduksi hingga sekitar 60% massa sampah plastik walaupun pada prosesnya dilepaskan sejumlah emisi karbon dari proses pembangkitan panas pada reaktornya. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan mengkombinasikan penggunaan sumber energi terbarukan sebagai upaya pembangkitan panas yang diperlukan pada proses pirolisis. Optimasi rancangan reaktor pirolisis merupakan strategi lain yang dapat dilakukan sehubungan dengan isu keberlanjutan reduksi sampah plastik melalui proses pirolisis. Strategi lain sehubungan dengan peningkatan efisiensi reaktor pirolisis juga turut dibahas secara sistematis pada artikel ini

INVENTARISASI FAKTOR KEBERLANJUTAN REDUKSI SAMPAH PLASTIK MELALUI PROSES PIROLISIS Rijal Hakiki
JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN KARYA ILMIAH LEMBAGA PENELITIAN UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/pdk.v7i1.10768

Cemaran plastik sebagai mikroplastik di perairan menjadi masalah global. Plastik adalah salah satu produk turunan minyak bumi yang komponen penyusunannya berupa senyawaan karbon yang masih memiliki nilai kalor. Pirolisis merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan termal yang dapat meminimalisir emisi dari hasil pembakaran sejalan dengan reduksi timbulan sampah plastik di lingkungan. Telah banyak dikembangkan reaktor pirolisis komersial yang mayoritasnya masih dibuat dalam kapasitas besar dan menggunakan bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energi reaktornya. Hal tersebut menjadi pertanyaan besar sehubungan dengan fenomena “trade offs” jejak karbon dan isu netralitas karbon pada proses pirolisis berbasis bahan bakar fosil. Artikel ini mencoba membahas inventarisasi faktor-faktor keberlanjutan proses pirolisis plastik mengacu pada berbagai literatur terkini yang kajiannya dilakukan secara sistematis terhadap berbagai rekomendasi strategi khsusunya pada aspek teknis. Secara teknis proses pirolisis dapat mereduksi hingga sekitar 60% massa sampah plastik walaupun pada prosesnya dilepaskan sejumlah emisi karbon dari proses pembangkitan panas pada reaktornya. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan mengkombinasikan penggunaan sumber energi terbarukan sebagai upaya pembangkitan panas yang diperlukan pada proses pirolisis. Optimasi rancangan reaktor pirolisis merupakan strategi lain yang dapat dilakukan sehubungan dengan isu keberlanjutan reduksi sampah plastik melalui proses pirolisis. Strategi lain sehubungan dengan peningkatan efisiensi reaktor pirolisis juga turut dibahas secara sistematis pada artikel ini

WASTEWATER SLUDGE AS AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY RESOURCE: A REVIEW Tetuko Kurniawan; Rijal Hakiki; Filson Maratur Sidjabat
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Waste Management Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : President University

In recent years, concerns regarding to wastewater sludge disposal have increased globally. Production of sludge has increased recently due to the growth of population. Wastewater sludge classified as a hazardous substance, it is not easy to dispose because of certain treatment is required. Typically, sludge is treated at secured landfill which its limited in availability and expensive. On the other hand, wastewater sludge originated from biological treatment contains organic substance that can be converted into alternative energy resources. A technology is needed that is able to reduce the volume of sludge and convert sludge into energy source. We present an overview of various technologies that can be used for conversion of sludge into energy resources. Those technologies are anaerobic digestion, pelletization, combustion, pyrolysis and gasification. Progress and challenges of each technology is presented in detail. A summary of sludge characteristic originated from different source will be discussed as well. Emissions and residues that determines the environmental impact is also considered. Referring to some previous research, it known that wastewater sludge, as unwanted product, has the potential to become future energy resource. This potential can only be used properly if the method of conversion are effective and efficient.

AIR QUALITY MONITORING IN INDUSTRIAL ESTATE (Case Study: Jababeka Industrial Estate, Cikarang) Filson Maratur Sidjabat; Rijal Hakiki; Temmy Wikaningrum
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Waste Management Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : President University

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) must be conducted by Industrial Estate Management, according to legislation and regulation in EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) Report. AAQ test parameter are Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ozon (O3), Hidrocarbon (HC), PM10, PM2,5, Total Suspended Solid (TSP), and Lead (Pb). Industrial Estate Management has an extensive role in AAQM, analysing and organizing better environmental policies. The data of Jababeka Industrial Estate (JIE) AAQM was seized from EIA Report each semester from year 2015 to 2018 and analyzed using openair model. A review of AAQM and Management in other industrial estate was done as a lesson-learned and insight to improve the AAQM System in JIE. Openair model can analyze the AAQ data with meteorological data around the sampling point area, and visualize it through the pollution rose function. The limited data of AAQM and weather, will limitate the result and analysis. The future research must aims to make a real-time/continuous AAQM and meteorological data to get more accurate and comprehensive data modeling and analysis.

Key performance indicators (KPIs) comparison of food chain reactor and conventional oxidation ditch technology in industrial waste treatment Temmy Wikaningrum; Rijal Hakiki
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Waste Management Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : President University

The oxidation process as the activated sludge (AS) system has been implemented widely in urban and industrial wastewater treatment. Oxidation ditch can be categorized as an advanced aeration activated sludge. Integrated Fix-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) process has been already developed for decades that was a reasonable approach for technology to upgrade the activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). IFAS processes are a combination of biofilm reactors and activated sludge processes, biofilm is introducing and retaining as the carrier media for microorganism growth. Both IFAS and AS processes can achieve similar percent removal of COD and ammonia. Current WWTP’s development was food chain reactor (FCR) which mainly IFAS process of engineered media that combining with natural plants with the plant roots submerging into the reactors. The references review and secondary data of the application in Jababeka’s WWTP-2 for both AS and FCR system showed that FCR is needless parameters to be controlled. In both AS and FCR have KPIs of flow rate (m3/day), F/M ratio, energy consumption (kWh/m3 wastewater), Oxygen supply (kgO2 / m3 wastewater in each reactor, % removal of COD, BOD, TSS, NH3, TKN, NO2, and heavy metals, and pH, Dissolved Oxygen, microorganism performance in the reactor. Different from AS, the FCR system is not required to control the parameters of sludge retention time (SRT), recirculated activated sludge (RAS), sludge volume index (SVI), and mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)of activated sludge.

Reduksi Energi Pengolahan Air Limbah di Kawasan Industri Dengan Implementasi Teknologi Food Chain Reactor (Studi Kasus : Kawasan Industri Jababeka Bekasi) Temmy Wikaningrum; Rijal Hakiki
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol 5, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32672/jse.v5i3.2078

Biological-aerobic process is a technology that is often chosen to treat wastewater in industrial areas, especially industries related to food industries. Compared to chemical treatment and advanced treatment, biological treatment is relatively more efficient in the costs required. However, in conventional biological treatment the amount of energy consumption in the process is a major cost component that it becomes one of the challenges in implementing this technology. This paper contains a review of the implementation of the Food Chain Reactor (FCR) technology in treating industrial area wastewater, focusing on an overview of energy consumption compared to conventional biological-aerobic treatment of oxidation ditch (OD). FCR is a wastewater treatment plant (IPAL) that combines Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) technology and technology that resembles Constructed Wetland, thus enabling the simultaneous physical, biological and biochemical treatment processes within the reactor. In this case study, the implementation succeeded in showing a reduction in energy consumption by 46.4% while maintaining an efficiency decrease in BOD by 83% and efficiency in decreasing ammonia by 82%. As with the OD process, in this FCR study showed that the denitrification process has not been successful.

INVENTARISASI FAKTOR KEBERLANJUTAN REDUKSI SAMPAH PLASTIK MELALUI PROSES PIROLISIS Rijal Hakiki
JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN KARYA ILMIAH LEMBAGA PENELITIAN UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Trisakti

Cemaran plastik sebagai mikroplastik di perairan menjadi masalah global. Plastik adalah salah satu produk turunan minyak bumi yang komponen penyusunannya berupa senyawaan karbon yang masih memiliki nilai kalor. Pirolisis merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan termal yang dapat meminimalisir emisi dari hasil pembakaran sejalan dengan reduksi timbulan sampah plastik di lingkungan. Telah banyak dikembangkan reaktor pirolisis komersial yang mayoritasnya masih dibuat dalam kapasitas besar dan menggunakan bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energi reaktornya. Hal tersebut menjadi pertanyaan besar sehubungan dengan fenomena “trade offs” jejak karbon dan isu netralitas karbon pada proses pirolisis berbasis bahan bakar fosil. Artikel ini mencoba membahas inventarisasi faktor-faktor keberlanjutan proses pirolisis plastik mengacu pada berbagai literatur terkini yang kajiannya dilakukan secara sistematis terhadap berbagai rekomendasi strategi khsusunya pada aspek teknis. Secara teknis proses pirolisis dapat mereduksi hingga sekitar 60% massa sampah plastik walaupun pada prosesnya dilepaskan sejumlah emisi karbon dari proses pembangkitan panas pada reaktornya. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan mengkombinasikan penggunaan sumber energi terbarukan sebagai upaya pembangkitan panas yang diperlukan pada proses pirolisis. Optimasi rancangan reaktor pirolisis merupakan strategi lain yang dapat dilakukan sehubungan dengan isu keberlanjutan reduksi sampah plastik melalui proses pirolisis. Strategi lain sehubungan dengan peningkatan efisiensi reaktor pirolisis juga turut dibahas secara sistematis pada artikel ini

THE PROSPECT OF DIGITALLY ENHANCED COLORIMETRY AS AN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR WATER QUALITY DETERMINATION Rijal Hakiki; Temmy Wikaningrum
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Volume 2, Number 2, April 2019
Publisher : Universitas Trisakti

Aim: This study aims to observe the potential implementation of analytical methods based on digital image processing as an alternative method of colorimetric analysis that can be implemented in site. Methodology and Results: Pt-Co standard series solutions at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 concentration units (CU) were measured by spectrophotometric method and digitally enhanced colorimetric (DEC) method to obtain a response in the form of absorbance (Abs) and area under curve (AUC) value. Absorbance measurement was carried out at 317.5 nm (λ max). The AUC value was obtained from the 3-point RGB value measurements, made average so that a color band is produced, then quantified by translating the color band intensity into the response curve in ImageJ software. The Abs and AUC values of artificial samples are processed into CU values with linear equations resulting from linear regression test. The results of the calculation of CU values from the two measurement methods were tested using independent t test method to examine significant differences between the two measurement methods. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Coefficient of determination (R2) plot CU VS AUC = 0.8638, in independent t test was obtained p-value = 0.4246 at the 95% confidence level. Therefore, it can be concluded that digitally enhanced colorimetric could be used to determine water quality, especially color parameter in site measurement.

COMPARISON OF GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL-IMPACT ON THE HANDLING OF THE HAZARDOUS-SLUDGE FROM THE CENTRALIZED INDUSTRIAL-WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT Rijal Hakiki; Maryani Paramita Astuti; Temmy Wikaningrum
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Volume 3, Number 1, October 2019
Publisher : Universitas Trisakti

Aim: This study aimed to compare the secured landfill method and thermally sludge treatment through gasification, in order to determine their environmental impacts. Methodology and Results: The gate-to-gate LCA method was the implementation approach used to determine the, limits and assumptions to the actual condition. The experimental, theoretical mass balance calculation and secondary data of previous researches were used to carry out this study, with open-source openLCA software. In addition, the LCA was made up of four phases which include goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and data interpretation. The simulation showed that the implementation of the thermal gasification process reduced the emission released to the atmosphere by lowering the hazardous sludge volume which is directly transported to the secured landfill. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Several assumptions and adjustments were made to the simulation results using the openLCA software, in the determined scope of study. Therefore, in conclusion, the thermal (gasification) treatment of hazardous sludge is further studied in connection with its implementation at the treatment plant. This was indicated by the acquisition of global warming potential impact category of 673 kg CO2 eq for direct disposal to secured landfill, which reduced to 424 kg CO2 eq during the implementation of thermal treatment. Conversely, there is a reduction in magnitude of impact by 37%.

THE ECO ENZYME APPLICATION ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE ACTIVATED SLUDGE DEGRADATION Temmy Wikaningrum; Rijal Hakiki; Maryani Paramita Astuti; Yunita Ismail; Filson Maratur Sidjabat
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 5, NUMBER 2, APRIL 2022
Publisher : Universitas Trisakti

Aim: This study aims to determine whether the application of eco enzyme affects the industrial waste activated sludge degradation and to compare the effects of eco enzyme made from oranges and tomatoes. Methodology and results: The experiments were done on the laboratory scale for 12 days by applying 10% of eco enzyme in the sludge samples. It showed both tomatoes and oranges eco enzymes can decrease the pH from 6.9 to 4.7 compared to control which was stable at 6.9. The reduction of COD, TSS, and VSS by tomato eco enzyme applications were 61%, 39% 41% respectively compared to by orange eco enzyme application that showed a higher reduction of 78%, 45%, 46% respectively. The control samples also show the reduction of COD, TSS, and VSS by 21%, 23%, 30% respectively. The reduction of organic content in the control samples of sludge (8.9%) was higher than the samples with eco enzyme (3.5%). Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The results showed that eco enzyme application significant statistically affected reduction of pH, COD, organic content, but not significant statistically on TSS and VSS reductions. Comparing the application of orange and tomatoes eco enzyme did not show the significant different treatment.

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