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All Journal Lingua Cultura LEKSIKA
Adi Sutrisno
Gadjah Mada University
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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‘The Research is Conducted…’: An Exploration of a Grammatical Metaphor Syndrome in Indonesian Research Articles Putu Nur Ayomi; Shoshana Dreyfus; Syamsul Hadi; Adi Sutrisno
Lingua Cultura Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Lingua Cultura
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/lc.v14i1.6342

Abstract

The research examined the use of one grammatical metaphor (hereafter GM) syndrome frequently found in Indonesian language research articles (hereafter RAs). This syndrome followed the lexicogrammatical structure of Process+Range or Process+Medium. An interesting feature of this GM syndrome, which, to date, had not been studied, was that while GM typically increased the lexical density of a clause by condensing meaning into nominal groups. This GM syndrome seemed to do the opposite. e.g., rather than writing ‘merubah’ (changed) as Process, writers used ‘melakukan perubahan’ (do some changes), which had the structure of Process+Range. This had the effect of delexicalizing the verb as well as increasing the number of words in the clauses. Instead of seeing this form as a mere ritual in academic writing, the research sought to understand the functional role in the RAs. The data was taken from a small corpus of RAs from two refereed Indonesian humanities journals. The occurrences of this GM syndrome were identified. A systemic analysis was then conducted with a metafunctional lens, examining the ideational, interpersonal, and textual functions of this form of GM syndrome. The analysis reveals that ideationally, GM syndrome is a resource to manage technicality, abstraction, taxonomy, and activity sequence; textually, the syndrome is a resource organizing textual coherence through the management of hyperThemes; and interpersonally, the syndrome functions as a resource for Graduation, which decreases the force of propositions.
Indonesian–English translanguaging practices in bilingual classroom : Distribution and functions in elementary education Dhanesvar Karel Noveintine; Adi Sutrisno
Leksika: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajarannya Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/lks.v20i2.29848

Abstract

English is commonly positioned as the language of instruction in Indonesian bilingual schools, but classroom interaction often reflects the simultaneous use of Indonesian and English to support teaching and learning. This study addresses the translanguaging phenomenon as a flexible practice that allows teachers and students to use both languages as an integrated system. This study aims to examine the distribution of translanguaging utterances compared to monolingual use and to identify the specific functions of translanguaging in classroom activities. The study utilized a mixed-methods design; data were collected through audio recordings and observations of teachers and students in upper classes, grades 4 to 6, in a selected bilingual elementary school in Yogyakarta. Grades 4 to 6 were selected because students at this level demonstrate more stable bilingual development and engage in classroom interaction using both languages. Interactions between teachers and students were transcribed and coded into Indonesian-only, English-only, and translanguaging units based on turn-taking. The coded transcription of translanguaging is continuously categorized into several functions based on the utterances. The research design combined quantitative calculations of language distribution with qualitative discourse analysis of interactional units. The findings indicate a balanced linguistic distribution with Indonesian only (37%), English only (35%), and translanguaging (28%). Furthermore, the study identified six functions of translanguaging, i.e., Conceptual Explanation (41%), Meaning Negotiation (24%), Participant Management (11%), Procedural Instruction (10%), Classroom Management (8%), and Interpersonal Clarity (6%). These findings contribute to bilingual education by demonstrating that translanguaging is a purposeful, functional, and supportive practice that increases conceptual understanding and encourages inclusive participation. This research confirms that translanguaging acts as a significant tool that enhances the quality of bilingual learning environments, particularly in Indonesian and English languages.
Co-Authors Dhanesvar Karel Noveintine Putu Nur Ayomi Shoshana Dreyfus Syamsul Hadi