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Menolak Evasive Identity: Memahami Dinamika Kelompok Etnik di Sumatera Utara Erond L Damanik
Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) Vol 4, No 1 (2018): Anthropos
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/antro.v4i1.9970

Abstract

Penyebutan Kelompok Etnik (ethnic group) di Sumatera Utara dikontruksi dari luar (outsider). Konsep ‘Batak’ dan ‘Melayu’ adalah label yang diberikan dari luar dan menjadi identitas kabur (evasive identity) pada saat digunakan menyebut populasi yang dipersatukan dengan penyergaman itu. Pengontruksian dilakukan merujuk pada benteng alam, kultural dan agama, serta perubahan sosial yang mengitarinya. Walaupun penyeragaman itu telah ditolak, tetapi tetap muncul dalam berbagai literatur Ilmu Sosial. Kenyataan ini berdampak pada adanya kekeliruan terhadap kebenaran-kebenaran yang dianggap hakiki itu terutama pada dasawarsa kedua di Milenium ketiga. Sejumlah penelitian mutakhir, dengan berbagai bukti empirik menegaskan bahwa penyebutan kelompok etnik di Sumatera Utara berikut stigma yang dilekatkan padanya adalah kontruksi luar, evasive identity dan kini banyak ditolak. 
Eksistensi Supir Angkutan Perempuan: Life Story Supir Angkutan Umum Perempuan Rute Medan-Deli Serdang Erond L. Damanik; Jojor Anna Teresia Nababan
Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) Vol 1, No 2 (2015): ANTHROPOS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/antro.v1i2.5085

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sehari-hari perempuan yang bekerja sebagai supir angkutan umum, baik di sektor publik maupun domestik. Begitupula penelitian ini akan melihat latar belakang perempuan bekerja sebagai supir angkutan serta pandangan masyarakat terhadap mereka. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan Life Story yang berupaya memaparkan gambaran hidup informan dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari di sektor domestik maupun publik. Informasi Life Story dikumpulkan melalui teknik reportase etnologis yang ditujukan kepada informan penelitian yaitu NH, RG, dan SB, melalui observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan dengan cara mendampingi informan baik pada saat di rumah, di angkutan, maupun di stasiun (pangkalan). Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian tersebut adalah: (a) kehidupan sehari-hari perempuan yang bekerja sebagai supir angkutan umum sungguh gigih dan berani, karena memegang tanggung jawab sektor publik dan domestik. Wujud peran publik dengan cara menyupir seharian melintasi jalanan penuh resiko guna memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Sedangkan wujud peran domestik adalah seorang ibu sekaligus istri yang bertanggungjawab terhadap keluraga. (b) pandangan masyarakat tentang perempuan yang bekerja sebagai supir menghadirkan opini beragam, yaitu rasa simpati, belas kasih, dan lain-lan. (c) latar belakang perempuan bekerja sebagai supir angkutan umum didorong rasa tanggung jawab memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga, kesadaran diri akan hak perempuan, dan rasa percaya diri. Kata Kunci: Eksistensi; Supir Angkutan Perempuan; Life Story.
Batak dan Bukan Batak: Paradigma Sosiohistoris tentang Konstruksi Identitas Etnik di Kota Medan, 1906-1939 Hidayat Hidayat; Erond L. Damanik
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 3, No 2 (2018): Konflik dan Etnisitas
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (205.551 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v3i2.19624

Abstract

This research discusses the sociohistorical paradigm of Batak label construction on Mandailing and Angkola ethnicities in the city of Medan, 1906-1939. Throughout the year, the two ethnic migrants from southern Tapanuli clashed in Medan because of the Batak labeling. The Mandailing ethnic group rejected the Batak label, while the Angkola ethnic group affirmed on that label. The disputes have an impact on the division of political, economic, religious and cultural identities. The rejection from Mandailing ethnic on Batak labeling continues to occur until 2017. This research aims to describe the construction of the Batak label by answering general questions on how do the two ethnic groups fight because of the Batak label? Specifically, this article also answers the origin of Batak labeling? Why is the label debated? To explain this case, the theory of social construction is used with the sociohistorical paradigm and the case study research method. The results of the study that the Batak label is considered as a foreign ethnographic construction with a pejorative tone and disputes occur because of the strategic stability of identity as a social radar to understand the social world.
The desire of power: Candidate ambiguity and incumbent monopoly in local leaders’ election Erond L. Damanik
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 33 No. 3 (2020): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (422.058 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V33I32020.286-298

Abstract

This study explores and discusses the phenomenon of a single candidate in the local leaders’ election or Pemilihan Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2018. The study is motivated by the phenomenon of a single candidate in the local leaders’ election. In Deli Serdang, the local leaders’ election should have a multi-candidate pattern, either independent or 3-4 political party candidates. This study has focused on the mechanism of the emergence of a single candidate. According to Dahl, the theoretical approach is the candidacy mechanism, and according to Norris, the significance of the right to vote. The study was conducted qualitatively with an ongoing explorative, independent, and case-oriented study approach. The data collected through in-depth interviews with nine key informants consisting of the Political Party Branch Management Board or Dewan Pimpinan Cabang (DPC), the General Elections Commission or Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU), the Election Supervisory Committee or Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan (Panwaslih), independent, failed, and incumbent candidates. The sixteen secondary informants consisted of eight voting behaviors and eight non-voting behaviors randomly selected and interviewed to determine their perception of a single candidate. The study found that a single candidate is the logical consequence of ambiguity in an internal political party candidacy. The study’s novelty is the exclusion of incumbent ruling candidates incentivizing a political party monopoly to ensure victory in contestation. The study concluded that the dysfunction of the candidacy and exclusion in power has implications for a single candidate in the local leaders’ election. Contestation with a single candidate’s presence is an uncontested election, and it is contrary to the theoretical paradigm referred to in this study.
Rekayasa Budaya dan Dinamika Sosial: Menemukan Pokok Pikiran Lokalitas Budaya Sebagai Daya Cipta Erond Litno Damanik
Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Desember
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (973.498 KB) | DOI: 10.34007/jehss.v1i2.9

Abstract

This paper discusses cultural engineering on social dynamics, namely culture as the creativity of facing social change. In this paper, social dynamics is a creative response from the culture support community that originates from ideas which are then channeled into activities and appear in human artifacts. Social dynamics are not always supported by formal institutions but are also supported by informal institutions, namely cultures that play an active role. The idea that the origin of activities and artifacts in culture is a way of thinking that is a creative response to creativity. As for the problem in this study, is it true that culture can be engineered into creativity? The results of the study show that culture can be engineered as a creative power as an agent of social dynamics by: (i) recording and filtering out the thoughts of cultural locality, (ii) formulating and designing strategies for developing locality culture, (iii) building cultural locality pranata , (iv) disseminating and instilling the core of cultural locality, (v) making regulations protect the core thoughts of cultural locality, and (vi) applying basic things to cultural locality as agents of social dynamics.
WHATSAPP DAN PEMILIH PEMULA DI KOTA MEDAN: Partisipasi Politik Era Demokrasi Digital pada Pemilihan Gubernur Provinsi Sumatera Utara 2018 Erond Litno Damanik
The Journal of Society and Media Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Digital & Virtual in Society & Media
Publisher : Department of Social Science, Faculty of Social Science &Law, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jsm.v2n2.p81-103

Abstract

This article discusses the political participation of new voters of WhatsApp users in the city of Medan in the governor election of Sumatra Province in 2018. The purpose of the study was to find out about the understanding of democracy and the level of political participation of new voters who use WhatsApp social media as a political discussion. Beginner voters are defined as community members who have the right to vote, aged 17-21 years or have/have been married and registered as a Permanent Voter List. In order to approach the research problem, this study uses the theory of public sphere and contagion. Public sphere is a digital space where critical, rational and objective discussion is transmitted to others. The problem in this study focused on how political participation of new voters who use WhatsApp in city of Medan in North Sumatra gubernatorial election 2018?. Can WhatsApp social media be considered a public sphere in the digital age? The results of the study show that the political participation of new voters of WhatsApp users has increased significantly but the understanding of democracy is co-opted in the politics of identity. Digital democracy is castrated by politics of identity because of the social situation, family environment, relatives and peers, the influence of the pulpit and the religious scriptures and ethnic communities. Then, WhatsApp social media is not a public sphere but 'mono sphere' or 'solo sphere' which is privatized as a limited discussion room with family, relatives, peers, friends of religion and ethnic friends.