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Supandi Suminta
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HEAVY METAL REMOVAL AT SOLUTION WITH NATURAL ZEOLITE Saryati Saryati; Supardi Supardi; Supandi Suminta; Rohmad S.
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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This research studied the effect of chemical activation processes of natural zeolite to heavy metal removing efficiency (%) and chemical composition of natural zeolite. The solutions 0,5M of HCl,NH4OH, KOH and NaOH was used as an activator. Heavy metal solutions (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn) of 50 ppm was used as sample. Chemical composition of zeolite was viewed semi-quantitatively using a SEM EDX. The result indicate that Si/Al ratio was decreased because alkali activity and increased because the acid activity. The efficiency of zeolite without chemical activation on disposal heavy metals in water reached above 80% for Cd,Pb,Cu and Fe, 44% for Zn and 21% for Mn. Activation of natural zeolite with acid generally reduce the efficiency, except Fe and Pb, whereas activation with mineral salts and alkaline generally increase disposal heavy metal efficiency.
SIMULATION OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION PATTERN OF A VARIOUS KINDS OF NATURAL ZEOLITE CRYSTAL USING RIETAN PROGRAM Supandi Suminta
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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The simulation analysis of natural zeolite crystal structure have been carried out using RIETAN program. The simulation results provide diffraction pattern of some crystal structure data representing as zeolite materials. There are two sets of input data : First Global parameter : a. parameter to correct the zero-point shift of the diffraction pattern : zero-point error,Z, b. parameter to calculate the background : background parameters. Second : Phase-dependent parameters : a. parameter to adjust integrated intensities :scale factor,S, b. prefered orientation parameters, c. profile parameters :FWHM parameters,d parameters to determine peak position : lattice parameters and e.crystal structure parameters: fractional coordinates. The output data contain some information such as:profile diffraction pattern, R factor, final adjusted parameters and their estimated standard deviations, lattice parameters and unit cell volume, structure parameters, number and weight of each species in the unit cell and density,and summary of reflection such as : hkl, 2 theta, d, observation intensity, calculated intensities and structure factors. These output data provide diffraction patterns for some zeolite phases, i.e. : clinoptilolite, heulandite, mordenite, analcime, phillipsite, chabazite and erionite. Results show that was significant and the application can be used for all kind of zeolites and other crystal materials in general applications. The program can be applied easily and the resulting patterns represent all phases significandly. RIETAN simulation program is expected to help hope that helpful suggestion for all people who are identification and characterisation of zeolites qualitatively.
THE REFINEMET OF FRAMEWORK STRUCTURES OF NATURAL MORDENITE AND CLINOPTILOLITE CRYSTALS USING RIETVELD METHOD Supandi Suminta
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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Framework structures of clinoptilolite and mordenite phases in natural zeolit from Bayah have been succesfully analysed using Rietveld Method. The diffraction intensity data were collected using X-Ray Difractometer (XRD) at P3IB-BATAN. The refinement of the clinoptilolite and mordenite phases have been carried out and the results show that there are poly cation K-Mg clinoptilolite phase, with space group symmetry of C2/m No.12, monoclinic crystal system and poly cation Ca-Na mordenite phase, with space group symmetry of Cmcm No.63, orthorombic crystal system. Chemical formulas of clinoptilolite and mordenite phases are (K5,17 Mg0,16) (Al6Si30O72). 24H2O and [(Na 5,63 Ca 1,13) (Al8Si40O96). 22H2O per unit cell respectively. Fitting quality (goodness-of-fit) gave a value of Rwp = 10,34%.
CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITE BY X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETER Supandi Suminta
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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An identification of framework mineral structure of natural zeolit Bayah, Lampung and Malang was carried out by Reitveld methods. X ray diffraction intensity of Natural zeolit was measured by an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). The refinement of Clinoptilolite and Mordenite phases have been carried out and the results of refinement show that in Bayah and Lampung were Clinoptilolite phase ( space group C2/m No.12, Bravais lattice is Base-Centered and crystal system is monoclinic) and lattice parameter are a = 17,69(2) Ã…, b = 17,92(1) Ã… dan c = 7,422(9) Ã… respectively (Bayah zeolite) and a = 17,69(2) Ã…, b = 17,92(1) Ã… dan c = 7,422(9) Ã… respectively (Lampung zeolite) and pore size are S10R = 10,685 Ã… dan S8R = 8,193 Ã…. While Malang zeolites phase (space group Cmcm No.63, Bravais lattice is Base Centered and crystal system is orthorombic) was Mordenite phase and the lattice parameter are a = 18,115(8) Ã…, b = 20,520(9) Ã… dan c = 7,515(2) Ã…. The pore size are S8R = 11,43 Ã… dan S12R = 7,730 Ã…. Material of natural zeolit from Bayah and Lampung have Cation Exchange Capasity (CEC) bigger than Malang (acording to results of the framework structure analysis).
Co-Authors Rohmad S. Saryati Saryati Supardi Supardi