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All Journal Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan Environment Conflict
Diah Fitri Ekarini
Sekolah Ilmu Lingkungan, Universitas Indonesia
Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Policy in Community-Based Environmental Conservation and Protection: A Comparative Study Between Brazil and Indonesia Diah Fitri Ekarini; Raldi H. S. Koestoer
Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan Vol 10, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jwl.10.1.1-14

Abstract

Community-based environmental conservation and protection is one form of decentralization in the management of an area. Community-based initiatives are considered a sustainable collaborative alternative. The implementation of community-based initiatives can be found in various countries, such as the Voluntary Environmental Agents (VEA) in Amazon, Brazil and Social Forestry (SF) in Indonesia. This study aims to review the lessons learned from the CBC successful practice of VEA Program in Amazon, Brazil; determine whether these lessons can be adapted to enhance the positive impact of SF implementation in Indonesia, and; formulate relevant recommendations for SF implementation in Indonesia. A qualitative approach with descriptive-comparative method on references that are relevant to VEA and SF implementation was used in this study. There are several conditions that contribute to the successful VEA implementation: strengthening of local community initiatives, institutions, and capacities; formalization of community-based conservation schemes with supportive regulations; effective control system of the state; continuous support from external institutions, and; continuous and independent financing of activities. These conditions are relevant to be implemented in Indonesia. There is a fundamental difference between the implementation of VEA in Brazil and SF in Indonesia. Community-based initiatives in Brazil prioritized environmental sustainability to be able to “leverage” community’s economic and social sustainability in long term, while practices in Indonesia did not reflect this. This is illustrated by: lack of public awareness and concern for long-term environmental sustainability; negative impacts on the environment from SF implementation, and; vision of SF implementation which tends to be based on short-term targets.
Problematika impor sampah di Indonesia: Kepentingan politik, ekonomi, atau lingkungan? Diah Fitri Ekarini; Nova Amalia Sakina; Mia Erpinda; Heri Prasetyo
Environment Conflict Vol. 1 No. 1: (February) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/environc.v1i1.2024.464

Abstract

The waste issue in Indonesia remains an unresolved environmental concern, exacerbated by the problem of waste importation from developed countries to Indonesia, a practice that has been ongoing since 1989 until now. Since 2018, China, as the world's largest importer of waste, ceased its waste import activities with the implementation of the National Sword Policy (reducing drastically from 60% to 10%). This had repercussions on Indonesia, a developing country and a recipient of waste imports in Southeast Asia. The increase in the volume of waste imports from developed countries to Indonesia was approximately 320,000 tons in 2018. This article aims to discuss the issues of waste importation in Indonesia from political-ecological, social, and economic perspectives, as well as its environmental impact. The article also reviews the compliance with existing laws regarding the waste import mechanism in Indonesia. The literature review method is employed to compile this article, utilizing various research materials related to waste imports and policies in Indonesia. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the waste import issue in Indonesia is a manifestation of political-ecological concerns, where environmental problems are greatly influenced by political (ego-sectoral) and economic aspects. The environmental interests mandated by the Basel Convention, which are subsequently translated into policies and regulations in Indonesia, have not been able to achieve their main objectives, namely, the protection of environmental and human health from the impacts of imported waste. The waste import policy in Indonesia needs to be reevaluated concerning the clarity of requirements and effective law enforcement when violations occur.
Co-Authors Heri Prasetyo Mia Erpinda Nova Amalia Sakina Raldi H. S. Koestoer