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KAPASITAS REPRODUKSI PARASITOID TELUR Trichogrammatoidea nana Zehntner (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) - Sujak; Dwi Adi Sunarto
Agrovigor Vol 4, No 2 (2011): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrovigor.v4i2.298

Trichogramma nana is one species of egg parasitoids that are polifag. insect pests that attack crops such as soybean pod borer and rice. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology Research Institute for Tobacco and Fiber Crops Malang in March until June 2009 that aims to determine the reproductive capacity of T. nana on eggs C. cephalonica. Reproductive capacity of T. nana allegedly using the net reproductive rate (Ro), estimatedtime of one generation (T), the capacity of population growth (r), and the rate of parasitoids per day (λ). T. nana were tested came from the rice stem borer eggs collected from the land in the district of East Java Beji Pasuruan. Eggs C.cephalonica which is used as the host is the result of breeding in the laboratory of Entomology Research Institute for Tobacco and Fiber Crops. The results showed that T. nana has greatpotential as biological agents. Most female progeny produced by adult females aged 1-2 days . On the first day produced 12 and 8 tails on the second day or 40% and 27% of the total of 30 females produced by a female during life. Reproductive capacity of T. nana on eggs C. cephalonica the net reproductive rate Ro) = 44.7, Capacity of population growth (r) = 1.78, parasitoid growth rate per day (λ)=5.9, and mean - mean length of generation (T) = 10, 9 days.

Preferensi Parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea spp. yang Memarasit Telur Penggerek Buah Merah Jambu Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Lepidoptera; Gelechiidae) terhadap Beberapa Inang Dwi Adi Sunarto; Nurindah Nurindah; Sujak Sujak
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12114

Pink bollwonn Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the key pests of cotton. Exploration of its egg parasitoids in East Java, yields Trichogrammatoidea spp. The research objective are to study host acceptance of the parasitoids to several levels of host age and host species for a consideration of selection in using the parasitoids as candidates of biocontrol agent of pink bollworm. The study was carried out in Biocontrol Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) from April to December 2002 with laboratory condition (T: 25 - 27°C; RH: 65-70%). The treatments consist of combinations of the parasitoid origin (Trichogrammatoidea sp A and Trichogrammatoidea sp L); host species (eggs of Corcyra cephalonica, P. gossypiella, and Helicoverpa armigera) and host ages (1, 2 and 3 days). The number of replicates is 10. Preference level was assessed by using continuous observation method. Trichogrammatoidea sp A is most preferred to P. gossypiella eggs, significantly different with that of C. cephalonica and H. armigera eggs. Host preference of Trichogrammatoidea sp L to P. gossypiella and C. cephalonica eggs is not significantly different and higher than that of H. armigera eggs. Both parasitoid species have no different preference to P. gossypiella and H. armigera eggs, however, Trichogrammatoidea sp L has a higher preference to C. cephalonica eggs than Trichogrammatoidea sp A. Host preference of both species was not affected by the age of all three species of host eggs.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK SERBUK BIJI MIMBA TERHADAP KONSERVASI MUSUH ALAMI DAN POPULASI Helicoverpa armigera HUBNER PADA TANAMAN KAPAS DWI ADI SUNARTO; . NURINDAH; . SUJAK
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 3 (2004): September, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n3.2004.89-95

Musuh alami dalam konsep pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) merupakan kekuatan alami yang diharapkan dapat bekerja untuk mengen¬ dalikan serangga hama. Musuh alami akan mampu mengendalikan hama apabila sepcnuhnya mendapat kesempatan untuk bcrkembangbiak dan dukungan untuk berperan secara optimal sebagai faktor mortalitas biotik serangga hama. Untuk mendapatkan kesempatan tersebut, perlu didukung dengan tindakan konservasi. Penggunaan insektisida botani serbuk biji mimba (SBM) yang aman terhadap musuh alami diharapkan dapat mengkonservasi musuh alami. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji pengaruh SBM terhadap musuh alami dan efektivitasnya dalam menekan populasi Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. pada tanaman kapas. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP. Asembagus pada bulan Desember 1999 sampai dengan Mei 2000. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah (1) penyemprotan dengan insektisida botani serbuk biji mimba (SBM) konsentrasi 20 g/l air, (2) penyemprotan dengan insektisida sintetis betasifultrin (ISB) konsentrasi 1.5 ml/1 air. Masing- masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 8 kali. Ukuran petak untuk masing- masing perlakuan pada setiap ulangan 25 x 30 m. Penyemprotan SBM maupun IBS dilakukan secara bcrkala sebelum pengamatan populasi hama dan musuh alami mulai 41 hingga 86 hari setelah tanam (hst) dengan selang waktu 5 hari (10 kali penyemprotan). Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 5 hari, sejak tanaman berumur 40 hingga 100 hsl. Variabel yang diamati adalah populasi musuh alami (parasitoid dan predator), populasi ulat dan larva penggerek buah // armigera, kerusakan badan buah, dan hasil kapas berbiji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Insektisida botani SBM dapat mengkonservasi musuh alami terutama predator dan menekan populasi penggerek buah H. armigera pada tanaman kapas. Perbedaan penekanan populasi predator yang disebabkan oleh perlakuan ISB dibanding SBM rata-rata 25%. Parasitisasi telur dan larva H. armigera pada kedua perlakuan tidak berbeda dengan tingkat parasitisasi tertinggi mencapai 63% oleh parasitoid telur Trichogrammatoidea armigera dan 25% oleh parasitoid larva Eriborus argenteopilosus dan Carcelia illola. Efektivitas SBM dalam menekan populasi hama tidak berbeda dengan efektivitas ISB. Populasi larva //. armigera rata-rata 0.95 ekor pada perlakuan SBM dan 1.5 ekor pada perlakuan ISB per 10 tanaman. Tingkat kerusakan buah pada kedua perlakuan kurang dari 10% dengan produktivitas hasil kapas berbiji 1 921 kg/ha pada perlakuan SBM dan 1 838 kg/ha pada perlakuan ISB. Dengan demikian, maka SBM layak digunakan sebagai substitusi ISB.Katakunci: Gossypium hirsutum L, Azadirachla indica A. Jussieu, insektisida botani, konservasi musuh alami, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. ABSTRACT The effect of neem seed powder extract on natural enemy conservation and population of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on cottonIn IPM concept, natural enemies are expected to act as natural power in controlling the pests. They will eonlrol the pests when they are in an encouraging environment. Conservation is possible to build such environment. The use of botanical insecticide, extract of neem seed powder (NSP), which is relatively save for natural enemies could be expected for conservation. The objective of this research was to test the effects of NSP extract on Helicoverpa armigera and its natural enemies. The research was carried out at Asembagus Research Station from December 1999 to May 2000. The treatments applied were: NSP spray (NSP) versus betasifultrin chemical insecticide spray (BCI); designed in 8 replicates. The plot size was 25 m x 30 m. Both NSP and BCI were applied every 5 days since 41 days ater planting (dap) to 86 dap (10 sprays). Variables observed were the population of natural enemies (parasitoids and predators), H. armigera (eggs and larvae), damaged bolls and seed cotton production. The results showed that NSP did not have any adversary effects on parasitoids and predators on cotton, but it does on // armigera so that it could be functioned for natural enemy conservation Average suppression on predator population by BCI was higher 25% than thai of NSP. However, egg and larvae parasitism on BCI and NSP were not significantly different. The highest parasitism level was 63% and 25% by egg parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea armigera and larvae parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus and Carcelia illola, respectively. The effectiveness of BCI on H. armigera larvae was not significant with NSP. Larvae population was 0.95 larvae/10 plants and 1.5 larvae/10 plants on BCI and NSP, respectively. Fruit damage on both treatments was less than 10% and seed cotton productivity was 1 921 kg/ha and I 838 kg/ha on NSP and BCI, respectively. Therefore, NSP could be used as BCI substitution.Key words : Gossypium hirsutum L, Azadirachla indica A. Jussieu. botanical insecticides, natural enemy conservation, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn

Peran insektisida botani ekstrak biji mimba untuk konservasi musuh alami dalam pengelolaan serangga hama kapas. Dwi Adi Sunarto; nurindah nurindah
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 6 No 1 (2009): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Natural Enemies Conservation: The Role of Neem-seed Extracts for Natural Enemies Conservation Used of Cotton Insect Pest Control. Insects associated with cotton plant are numerous, as the plant bears extrafloral nectar. More than 90 species of natural enemies are reported and identified. They could manage the cotton pest, keeping the pest population is under action threshold level when their presence is considered in scouting and action threshold concept. However, most of cotton farmers are insecticide-spray-minded people who think that insecticide sprays is a must in cotton cultivation. This behavior is unfavorable for the natural enemies in building their population so they can act as an effective mortality factor for the pest. Neem seed extract (NSE) is toxic to herbivores but relatively safe for natural enemies, so that it could be used as a substitute for synthetic chemical insecticides. Therefore, NSE is recommended to be used for conserving natural enemies in cotton agro ecosystem.

Eksplorasi dan uji keragaan parasitoid penggerek buah kapas Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) nurindah nurindah; Dwi Adi Sunarto; Sujak Sujak
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 1 No 1 (2004): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Pink bollworm, P. gossypiella, is a main pest of cotton that causes boll damage up to 70%. Recommended IPM has not effectively control this pest. The use of parasitoids of this pest is one of strategy to manage this pest population as using chemical control is expensive and caused secondary pest. This research objective is to study some biological aspects of pink bollworm parasitoids by doing exploration of the parasitoids in cotton growing areas and testing the potential candidates as biocontrol agents. The activity was conducted from April - December 2001. The research was conducted in two steps: survey and laboratory tests. The survey was conducted in East Java (Asembagus and Lamongan), Central Java (Brebes) and South Sulawesi (Bone) by collecting pink bollworm eggs and identifying the emerged parasitoids. Laboratory tests were done in Biological Control Laboratory of ITFCRI, Malang, consists of reproductive performance aspects. We found two and five species of egg and larval parasitoids, respectively. Parasitism level of egg was 81% by Tichogrammatoidea spp. and that of larva was 24% by Apanteles sp. These two parasitoids are predominant and found in all cotton growing areas. Tichogrammatoidea spp. have opportunity to be used as biocontrol agent in release program, while Apanteles sp. would have valuable role in conservation approach.

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