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S. Nurhayati
Center for Radiation Safety Technology and Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Biological Dosimetry Using Micronucleus Assay in Simulated Partial-Body Exposure to Ionizing Radiation S. Purnami; S. Nurhayati; M. Syaifudin; D. Ramadhani
Atom Indonesia Vol 43, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (758.649 KB) | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2017.405

Abstract

In radiation accidents, it is common that only several parts of the body are exposed to radiation. As a consequence there is a mixture of exposed and unexposed lymphocytes in peripheral blood cells of the samples. This phenomenon will cause the dose value estimated using the exposed lymphocytes to be lower than the actual dose. In this study, an assessment of partial body exposures using micronucleus assay by estimating the partial body dose and fraction of irradiated blood was conducted. An optimal D0 value also has been determined in this study to estimate the fraction of irradiated cells. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from three healthy donors were irradiated in vitro with 2 Gy of X-rays. Partial radiation exposure was simulated by mixing the irradiated and non-irradiated blood in different proportions. The proportions of mixtures of blood samples irradiated in vitro were 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 %. Blood samples were then cultured and harvested based on micronuclei assay protocol. At least 2000 binucleated cells with well-preserved cytoplasm were scored for the MN frequency. Dose Estimate 5.1 software was used to calculate the dispersion index (σ2/y) and normalized unit of this index (U) in each proportion of bloods. The fractions of irradiated cells were calculated with CABAS (Chromosomal Aberration Calculation Software) for several different D0 values (2.7; 3.8; 5.4). The results showed that D0 value at 5.4 gave the closest results to the actual proportion of irradiated bloods, while for the dose estimation the estimated doses value from all proportions in all donors were higher than the actual dose. The factor that may cause this phenomenon was that the dose response calibration curve used to predict the radiation dose was not constructed in the laboratory used. Overall it can be concluded that a biodosimetry using MN assay can be used to estimate the radiation dose in partial body exposure. In order to establish a biodosimetry using MN analysis the dose-response calibration curve MN analysis should be constructed first in the laboratory used. 
Expression of γ-H2AX, 53BP1 and Micronuclei as Genome Damage Biomarker of Population in Keang and Salumati Village, Mamuju West Sulawesi Province A.D. Pratiwi; I.K.H. Basri; S. Purnami; M. Syaifudin; D. Tetriana; D. Yusuf; T. Rahardjo; S. Nurhayati; N. Rahajeng; Y.U. Anggraito; I. Kashiwakura
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (89.741 KB) | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2019.847

Abstract

The residents living in high background radiation area have risk to be exposed by ionizing radiation that also potentially cause their DNA damage. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of γ-H2AX, 53BP1 foci and micronuclei in the residentswho live in high background radiation area of Salumati village, Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Twenty one blood samples which consist of 11 from the study area and 10 from control were assessed for their expression of γ-H2AX and 53BPI foci by using specific antibodies and observed under fluorescence microscope whereas micronuclei was detected after being cultured and giemsa stainedaccording to standard procedures. Results showed that both γ-H2AX and 53BP1foci from high background area was lower than that of control area (0.37±0.24vs 0.19±0.11 (p=0.03) for γ-H2AX and 0.61±0.30vs 0.31±0.12 for 53BP1 (p=0.01)). The mean of micronuclei frequency in exposed area was 0.02 (0,01-0,03) while in control area was 0.02 (0.003-0.02). There was statistical significant in corellation between both γ-H2AX, 53BP1 foci with micronuclei index in exposed area (p=0.02, p=0,04 respectively).In conclusion,there was a positive correlation between γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci to micronuclei and this might be a clue of the occurrence of genome repairing mechanism caused by natural radiation at low dose chronical exposure in thestudied area.
Co-Authors A.D. Pratiwi D. Ramadhani D. Tetriana D. Yusuf I. Kashiwakura I.K.H. Basri M. Syaifudin N. Rahajeng S. Purnami T. Rahardjo Y.U. Anggraito